DMMB - Dye content 80 % , CAS No.931418-92-7

CAS: 931418-92-7 Cat. No.: D332312 Formula: C₁₈H₂₂ClN₃S · 0.5ZnCl₂ Molecular Weight: 416.05 EC Number: 628-181-7 PubChem CID: 71312674

GRADE & PURITY Dye content 80 %

Synonyms

1,9-Dimethyl-Methylene Blue zinc chloride double salt | 1 9-DIMETHYLMETHYLENE BLUE CHLORIDE | dichlorozinc;[7-(dimethylamino)-1,9-dimethylphenothiazin-3-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;dichloride | DTXSID80746898 | 1,9-Dimethyl-Methylene Blue zinc chloride doubl

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Specifications

Synonyms

1,9-Dimethyl-Methylene Blue zinc chloride double salt | 1 9-DIMETHYLMETHYLENE BLUE CHLORIDE | dichlorozinc;[7-(dimethylamino)-1,9-dimethylphenothiazin-3-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;dichloride | DTXSID80746898 | 1,9-Dimethyl-Methylene Blue zinc chloride doubl

Specifications & Purity

Dye content 80 %

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Names and Identifiers

Pubchem Sid

488202232

Pubchem Sid Url

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/488202232

Canonical Smiles

CC1=CC(=CC2=C1N=C3C(=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C3S2)C)N(C)C.CC1=CC(=CC2=C1N=C3C(=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C3S2)C)N(C)C.[Cl-].[Cl-].Cl[Zn]Cl

IUPAC Name

dichlorozinc;[7-(dimethylamino)-1,9-dimethylphenothiazin-3-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;dichloride

InChIKey

MKLBAKXCEQNMBC-UHFFFAOYSA-J

INCHI

1S/2C18H22N3S.4ClH.Zn/c2*1-11-7-13(20(3)4)9-15-17(11)19-18-12(2)8-14(21(5)6)10-16(18)22-15;;;;;/h2*7-10H,1-6H3;4*1H;/q2*+1;;;;;+2/p-4

Isomeric SMILES

CC1=CC(=CC2=C1N=C3C(=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C3S2)C)N(C)C.CC1=CC(=CC2=C1N=C3C(=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C3S2)C)N(C)C.[Cl-].[Cl-].Cl[Zn]Cl

WGK Germany

3

PubChem CID

71312674

Molecular Weight

416.05

Chemical and Physical Properties

• x_melt_point_char: 250° C (lit.)(dec.)

Application Protocols

No manufacturer protocols or validated application methods were provided for this SKU.

General guidance (not item-specific):

• If this material is a colorimetric dye, develop a standard operating procedure (SOP) including preparation of stock solution (solvent, concentration, filtration), storage/aliquoting, calibration curves with matrix-matched standards, analytical wavelengths, and acceptance criteria for blanks and controls.
• Document lot-to-lot verification by comparing spectral features (λmax, secondary bands) and assay response factors.

Please consult Aladdin Scientific technical support and the CoA/SDS for lot-specific recommendations and any available internal test methods.

Biological Roles

Item-specific biological or biochemical roles are not provided for this product.

Literature/general context for the common abbreviation “DMMB” as a dye (not item-specific):

• Dyes such as dimethylmethylene blue do not possess intrinsic biological roles; they are synthetic chemicals used as analytical tools.
• Mechanistic interaction: Cationic, planar aromatic dyes can engage in electrostatic and π–π interactions with polyanions such as sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), leading to metachromatic spectral shifts. This property is exploited to infer relative abundance of sulfated GAGs in biological preparations.
• Matrix effects: Proteins, nucleic acids, and salts can compete with or modulate dye binding. Sample cleanup (dialysis, desalting) is often necessary for quantitative interpretation.
• Photostability and redox sensitivity: Some phenothiazinium dyes are light- and redox-sensitive, with spectral changes under oxidative conditions. Protect from light and avoid redox-active contaminants when preparing assay solutions (general advice; verify item specifics on the CoA/SDS).

No medical or clinical claims are made. This product is intended strictly for research and laboratory use, contingent upon verification of identity and suitability.

Buffer Applications

Item-specific buffer recommendations are not provided. Consult the CoA/Spec Sheet and validate conditions experimentally before routine use.

Literature/general guidance for dye-based colorimetric assays (not item-specific):

• pH control: Metachromatic responses of cationic dyes to sulfated polysaccharides are typically enhanced under mildly acidic conditions; buffering capacity must be adequate to maintain pH upon sample addition.
• Ionic strength: Elevated salt can screen electrostatic interactions and diminish signal. Use consistent ionic strength across standards and samples.
• Filtration: Filter both buffer and dye solutions (0.22–0.45 µm) to limit background scatter.
• Additives: Avoid detergents and chelators unless validated, as these can perturb dye binding and spectra.
• Stability: Prepare fresh working solutions or aliquot and freeze as appropriate; confirm stability by monitoring baseline absorbance at the analytical wavelength(s).

Because the precise identity and formulation for SKU D332312 are not specified, treat any literature recipe as a starting point only and perform matrix-matched calibrations.

Green Alternatives

Without confirmed identity and use-case, green chemistry guidance must remain general.

• Solvent choices: Prefer water or aqueous buffers when feasible, minimizing alcohols or high-boiling dipolar aprotic solvents. If alcohols are required, ethanol is generally preferred over methanol for toxicity reasons.
• Process minimization: Use microplate-based colorimetric formats to minimize reagent volumes and waste. Implement on-plate blanks and standards to reduce repeats.
• Waste management: Segregate dye-containing aqueous waste; many dyes are visible pollutants at low concentrations. Activated carbon treatment or verified waste contractor disposal is recommended.
• Alternative reagents (general): For sulfated GAG quantification, alternative color reagents (e.g., alcian blue variants) or label-free analytical methods (e.g., ion chromatography, CE) may reduce hazardous solvent use, but they have distinct performance and matrix-compatibility profiles.

Trade-offs to consider:

• Aqueous-only systems reduce VOCs but may shorten shelf-life or change metachromatic response.
• Switching dyes can alter linear range, specificity for sulfation patterns, and susceptibility to matrix effects.

Always confirm environmental, health, and safety profiles using the product’s SDS and your institution’s green-chemistry policies.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No pharmacopeial status, excipient role, or formulation use is specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General note:

• Analytical dyes like those commonly abbreviated as DMMB are generally used in research and quality-control laboratories for colorimetric assays rather than as excipients. If used in a regulated context (e.g., process analytics), ensure the specific material meets all required compendial standards, impurity limits, and documentation for its intended non-clinical use.

This product is for research use only and is not intended for human or animal therapeutic, diagnostic, or clinical applications.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physical constants were not provided. Do not rely on generic values for experimental design. Consult the CoA/Spec Sheet for definitive properties.

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Boiling point: Not applicable/unknown for dyes and salts; specific data Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. Many analytical dyes are water- or alcohol-soluble, but confirm for this SKU.
• LogP, pKa, refractive index: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Literature/general context (not item-specific):

• If DMMB refers to dimethylmethylene blue dye, typical behavior includes good solubility in water and polar alcohols, producing intense blue solutions that undergo metachromatic shifts upon binding polyanions. Exact numeric constants vary with counterion, hydration state, and supplier; consult primary documentation for this product.

Quality and Grades

• Grade/Purity (item-specific): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

How to interpret grade terminology (general guidance):

• Analytical/AR grade: Intended for laboratory analysis with impurity limits aligned to analytical workflows; may include low levels of stabilizers if necessary.
• Dye/reagent grade: Typically optimized for colorimetric or fluorimetric performance rather than trace-metal content; batch-to-batch spectral consistency and dye content are key.
• HPLC/UV grade solvents: Low UV absorbance background; not typically applicable to solid dyes but relevant for solution preparation.

Batch documentation suggestions:

• For chromogenic or metachromatic reagents, request lot-specific spectral characteristics (λmax, ε, secondary absorbance bands), assay (active dye content), counterion identity, and moisture/volatile content. These parameters are critical for quantitative colorimetric assays.

Stabilizers/additives:

• Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. If stabilizers are present, they may affect extinction coefficients and background absorbance; adjust blanks accordingly.

What is specific to this listing:

• Storage at −20°C and cold-chain shipping indicate sensitivity to temperature and/or light. Validate thaw/aliquot procedures to maintain performance consistency between assays.

Reaction and Applications

Manufacturer-supplied specific applications were not provided for this SKU.

Literature/general applications associated with the common abbreviation “DMMB” (not item-specific):

• Colorimetric quantification of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) via metachromatic shift upon dye–polyanion binding (often termed the “DMMB assay”). Used on cartilage extracts, tissue digests, cell culture media, and biomaterials after proper validation.
• Staining of sulfated polysaccharides in gels or histological sections under acidic conditions to promote metachromasia.
• Spectrophotometric endpoint or kinetic measurements with dual-wavelength correction to account for turbidity and baseline drift.

Practical tips (general):

• Calibrate with a matched standard (e.g., chondroitin sulfate or dermatan sulfate) prepared in the same matrix as samples.
• Control pH and ionic strength tightly; both significantly influence dye–analyte binding and spectral shifts.
• Filter dye solutions and use amber containers to limit light exposure; prepare fresh or validate stability over intended use.
• Validate interference from proteins, detergents, and salts; include blanks and spikes.

Because the exact identity for SKU D332312 is not confirmed beyond the abbreviation, verify suitability and performance with small-scale tests and consult the CoA/SDS for definitive handling guidance.

Reaction Conditions

No reaction conditions are provided for this SKU, and this product is unlikely to be used as a stoichiometric reagent in standard organic reactions without confirmed identity and purpose.

General guidance if employing dyes in assays or as mediators (not item-specific):

• Temperature: Room temperature is typical for colorimetric assays; avoid elevated temperatures that may induce degradation or spectral drift.
• Light: Minimize exposure during preparation and storage to reduce photobleaching or photoinduced side reactions.
• Atmosphere: Ambient air is usually acceptable for assay work; inert atmosphere may be beneficial if redox sensitivity is known.
• Time: Establish stability windows for dye solutions by monitoring baseline absorbance over the planned assay duration.

For any catalytic, photochemical, or electrochemical applications, consult primary literature for the exact dye (structure-confirmed) and reproduce reported conditions, including solvent, concentration, light source (wavelength, intensity), and additives.

Safety and Handling

• GHS classification, signal word, H-statements, and pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to the SDS for SKU D332312.
• General laboratory precautions (good practice; not item-specific):
  • Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and suitable chemical-resistant gloves.
  • Avoid inhalation of dusts/aerosols. Handle powders in a fume hood or ventilated enclosure.
  • Prevent contact with skin and eyes; wash thoroughly after handling.
  • Avoid incompatible materials until confirmed by SDS; strong oxidizers/reductants and strong acids/bases can affect many organic dyes or their salts.
• First-aid overview (consult SDS for details):
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical advice if symptoms persist.
  • Skin/Eye contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical attention if irritation continues.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel; seek medical attention.
• Environmental precautions: Prevent discharge to drains until hazards are known; collect spills with inert absorbent.
• Special risks (general dye handling):
  • Strongly colored powders/solutions can permanently stain; contain and clean promptly.
  • Some cationic dyes may be photosensitive; minimize light exposure until item-specific guidance is confirmed.
• Always defer to the SDS for authoritative hazard, exposure limits, and response procedures.
• Research Use Note: For research use only.

Solvent Selection

Item-specific solubility and solvent preferences were not provided. Use the CoA/SDS to confirm compatible solvents before preparation.

General guidance for dye reagents (literature/general):

• Polarity: Many cationic dyes used for metachromasia are polar and dissolve readily in water, aqueous buffers, methanol, ethanol, or mixtures thereof. Ionic strength and pH can markedly affect color and aggregation state.
• Dielectric considerations: High-dielectric media (water, formamide) stabilize ionic species; lower dielectric alcohols can reduce aggregation for some dye salts.
• Miscibility profile: Water–alcohol blends are often used to balance solubility, stability, and assay response. Filter solutions (0.22–0.45 µm) to remove particulates/aggregates that skew absorbance.
• When to choose alternatives: If interference at a target wavelength is problematic, consider preparing in a solvent/buffer that shifts secondary absorbance away from the analytical window, or switch to an alternative chromophore validated for the assay matrix.

Comparison (general):

• Water/buffer: maximal biocompatibility; pH-dependent spectra; may encourage dye–salt aggregation.
• Methanol/ethanol: improved wetting and dissolution; can change metachromatic response; flammable.
• DMSO: excellent solubilizer for some dyes but may be undesirable in biological assays; verify compatibility.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage (item-specific from Product Data): Store at −20°C.
• Shipping (item-specific): Shipped in an ice chest with ice pads to maintain a low temperature during transit.
• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Reconstitution (item-specific): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and SDS.

General guidance for dye reagents (not item-specific):

• Upon receipt, allow the sealed container to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to prevent moisture condensation. Work quickly to minimize ambient humidity exposure.
• If supplied as a solid: Prepare a concentrated stock solution in the validated solvent/buffer, filter (0.22–0.45 µm), and aliquot into amber vials. Store aliquots at −20°C, protected from light. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles; thaw only what is needed for immediate use.
• If supplied as a solution: Verify stabilizers, solvent, and concentration; store as directed on the label. Monitor for precipitation or color changes as indicators of degradation.
• Label aliquots with lot number, concentration, solvent, and preparation date. Establish and document shelf-life based on internal stability checks.

Always defer to the product label and SDS for definitive storage, stability, and disposal instructions.

Structure and Identity

• Item-specific identifiers from Product Data:

  • SKU: D332312
  • Product Name: DMMB
  • CAS: 931418-92-7
  • PubChem CID: 71312674
  • InChIKey: 221430 (as provided; not a standard-format InChIKey)
  • SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Structural features (item-specific):

  • Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. No structural diagram or definitional features were provided in the Product Data.

• Important note on identity (literature/general context):

  • The abbreviation “DMMB” frequently refers in the literature to the cationic phenothiazinium dye dimethylmethylene blue, widely used for metachromatic detection of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). However, because this listing does not include a definitive name, formula, or structure, users should verify whether this product corresponds to that specific dye by consulting the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) and SDS for this SKU.

• 2D structure description (if this is dimethylmethylene blue; literature/general):

  • A tricyclic phenothiazine core bearing a cationic dimethylamino-substituted methine bridge, typically isolated as a chloride salt. This description is for general reference only and is not item-specific without confirmation from the CoA.

Synthetic Utility

Given the likely nature of DMMB as a dye reagent and the absence of structure-specific information in the Product Data, this item is not typically employed as a building block or reagent for bond construction in synthetic organic chemistry.

General considerations (not item-specific):

• Phenothiazinium dyes can serve as photosensitizers or redox mediators in select photochemical or electrochemical applications, but such uses are highly structure-dependent and require confirmed identity and photophysical data (λabs, Φ, redox potentials).
• If using any dye as a catalyst or mediator, ensure rigorous purification or specification of counterions and hydrate state, as these can influence activity and reproducibility.

For classical synthetic transformations (e.g., coupling, nucleophilic substitutions, oxidations/reductions), alternative reagents with well-documented reactivity and specifications are generally preferred.

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is not an antibody, enzyme, or affinity reagent with a defined biological target per the provided data. No antigen, epitope, species reactivity, clone, or isotype information is available for SKU D332312.