Silicon (Si) — Element 14: Properties & Data | Aladdin Scientific
Silicon(Si) — Element 14
Silicon (Si) is a metalloid with atomic number 14 and atomic mass 28.085. It has melting point 1687 K (1414 °C), boiling point 3538 K (3265 °C), density 2.3296 g/cm³. It sits in group 14 and period 3 of the periodic table and was discovered in 1854.
Key facts
| Atomic mass | 28.0850 u |
|---|---|
| Electron configuration | [Ne]3s2 3p2 |
| Oxidation states | +4, +2, -4 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.9 |
| Atomic radius (van der Waals) | 210 pm |
| Ionization energy | 8.152 eV |
| Electron affinity | 1.385 eV |
| Melting point | 1687 K |
| Boiling point | 3538 K |
| Density | 2.3296 g/cm³ |
| Standard state | Solid |
| Year discovered | 1854 |
Frequently asked questions
What is the electron configuration of silicon?
The ground-state electron configuration of silicon is [Ne]3s2 3p2.
What group and period is silicon in?
Silicon (Si) is in group 14 and period 3 of the periodic table, classified as a metalloid.
What is the melting point of silicon?
Silicon melts at 1687 K (1414 °C).
What is the standard state of silicon?
Silicon is a solid at standard temperature and pressure.
Related elements
About this data: property values compiled from IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights (2021), the NIST Atomic Spectra Database, and PubChem. Curated by the Aladdin Scientific technical team. Last reviewed: .