This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organofluorides. These are compounds containing a chemical bond between a carbon atom and a fluorine atom.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
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Application Protocols
Not applicable as an assay reagent.
No validated protocols for immunoassays (WB, IHC, IF, FC) are associated with this solvent. For practical usage, see the sections on Reaction & Applications and Reaction Conditions for guidance on biphasic/fluorous workflows and carrier-fluid operations.
Biological Roles
Applicability
This compound is a fully fluorinated hydrocarbon with no known endogenous biological function. The following notes reflect general knowledge for perfluorocarbons and are not clinical claims.
General observations (literature)
Biological activity: Perfluorocarbons are considered biologically inert—poorly soluble in aqueous/lipid phases and not metabolized by common enzymatic pathways.
Gas transport capacity: They dissolve significant amounts of respiratory gases (O2, CO2, inert gases). This has motivated research uses as in vitro oxygenation media, gas-carrier phases, and contrast/immersion liquids in imaging setups.
Protein/biomembrane interactions: Limited direct interactions due to extreme hydrophobicity and lipophobicity; however, emulsified forms can interface with biomolecules via surfactants.
Toxicology: Generally low acute toxicity; aspiration of liquid or inhalation of high vapor concentrations can displace oxygen and cause asphyxiation—ensure ventilation.
Practical lab uses (non-clinical)
In vitro oxygenation of cell-free enzyme systems or microbial cultures when physically separated by membranes or used as overlay fluids.
As an inert immersion fluid in optical/biophysical measurements where refractive index stability and chemical inertness are important.
Notes
No buffering capacity, ion content, or pH relevance.
Do not infer therapeutic utility; for laboratory research use only, in accordance with the product’s Research Use Note.
Buffer Applications
Not typically applicable.
Perfluoro(methylcyclopentane) is a non-aqueous, nonpolar perfluorocarbon with no acid/base functionality and no buffering capacity.
For aqueous buffer preparation, refer to conventional systems (e.g., phosphate, HEPES, Tris). This product may serve as an inert overlay or immiscible phase in specialized setups but does not participate in pH control.
Green Alternatives
Context (literature/general)
Fully perfluorinated solvents are highly persistent and typically have high global warming potentials (GWP). While they offer nonflammability and chemical inertness, greener choices may be preferred where application allows.
Comparison (general guidance; not product-specific specs)
Perfluoro(methylcyclopentane) (PFC)
Pros: Nonflammable; chemically/thermally robust; excellent gas solubility; sharp phase separation; very low toxicity in acute exposure.
Cons: High persistence and likely high GWP; limited solvency for organics; specialized waste handling needed.
Processing aid: Perfluorocarbons have been explored as inert displacement drying fluids and cleaning media for medical device manufacturing due to nonflammability and low residue.
Microencapsulation research: As an external phase or carrier for gas exchange during the formation of polymeric microcapsules/particles (research scale), leveraging high gas solubility and immiscibility with organic/aqueous phases.
Imaging/optics: As immersion or coupling fluids in device assembly and testing where chemical inertness and stable physical properties are required.
Regulatory/quality considerations
Pharmacopeial status: Not specified; perfluorocarbons of this type typically do not have monographs. Any use in regulated manufacturing requires internal qualification and comprehensive extractables/leachables assessment.
Residuals: Verify non-volatile residue (NVR), ionic content, and volatile organic impurities on the CoA if the material will contact devices or components.
Operational notes
Ensure complete removal by vacuum or controlled heating if absence of residues is critical.
Use closed systems and appropriate capture/condensation to minimize emissions and meet environmental obligations.
Physical Properties
Item-specific specification
Unless explicitly stated in the Product Data/CoA, do not treat any value below as a product specification.
Literature/general properties for perfluorinated cycloalkanes (contextual)
Physical state/appearance: Typically colorless, transparent liquid at ambient conditions for C6 perfluorocarbons; very low surface tension; high density relative to water.
Boiling point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. (Perfluorinated C5–C6 cycloalkanes often boil in the tens of °C to low 100s °C range, literature.)
Melting point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Density (20–25 °C): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. (Perfluorocarbons of similar size commonly fall in ~1.6–1.9 g/mL, literature.)
Refractive index (nD): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. (Perfluorocarbons exhibit low nD compared to hydrocarbons, literature.)
Vapor pressure (20–25 °C): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Solubility: Essentially insoluble in water; immiscible with most hydrocarbons and polar organics; good solubility for gases (O2, CO2) and for highly fluorinated solutes (literature).
LogP/logS: Classical octanol/water logP characterization is of limited meaning; perfluorocarbons are both hydrophobic and lipophobic (literature).
Dielectric constant: Very low (typically <2 for PFCs; literature).
Thermal/chemical stability: Highly thermally stable; can decompose at elevated temperatures or in flames to release HF/COF2 (literature).
Practical notes
Due to high density, phase separation with common organic phases is rapid, aiding biphasic workflows.
Very low surface energy leads to excellent wetting of many surfaces but poor solvency for non-fluorinated organics (literature).
Quality and Grades
Item-specific
Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Stabilizers/Inhibitors: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Guidance for this compound class (literature/general)
Chromatographic/analytical grade: For perfluorocarbon solvents used in analytical workflows (e.g., carrier fluids, materials testing), grades emphasize very low non-volatile residue (NVR), low particulates, and absence of extractable metals/ions. UV cutoff is typically very low absorbance across 200–400 nm, but exact values must be specified per batch.
Semiconductor/cleanroom grade: Focuses on ionic cleanliness, particulate control, and extremely low moisture—relevant where the liquid is used for rinsing, displacement drying, or vapor degreasing.
Water and peroxide content: Not generally relevant for perfluorocarbons (no tendency to form peroxides), but moisture content may still be controlled for process consistency.
Residual organics: Because solvency for hydrocarbons is low, trace organic contamination is often detectable at very low absolute levels; CoA typically lists NVR or GC profile.
Recommendations
For reproducible phase-separation or fluorous biphasic catalysis, verify density and distillation range on CoA.
If using as a carrier or heat-transfer fluid, confirm volatility (bp range), acidity/fluoride content, and electrical properties with the CoA to match equipment specifications.
Fluorous biphasic catalysis (FBC): Serves as the immiscible fluorous phase for catalysts bearing perfluoroalkyl tags. After reaction (often at elevated temperature to achieve partial miscibility), cooling yields clean phase disengagement for facile catalyst/product separation.
Phase-vanishing methodology: Acts as an inert, dense bottom phase into which a reagent (e.g., halogen) diffuses to contact a substrate present in an upper organic phase, providing controlled interfacial reaction kinetics.
Carrier/heat-transfer medium: High thermal/oxidative stability and nonflammability make perfluorocarbons suitable as inert carriers, thermostatic fluids, and displacement drying media in materials processing.
Gas delivery/dissolution: Exceptional O2/CO2 solubility enables use as an oxygenation medium in in vitro studies, pervaporation tests, or as a degassing/recirculating fluid.
Analytical/materials uses: Density matching, leak detection (tracer with 19F signatures), and as a low-background medium for 19F NMR probe calibration (not as an NMR solvent for organics per se).
Practical notes
Drying: Hygroscopicity is negligible; however, particulates and dissolved gases can be significant—sparge/filter through 0.2 µm PTFE if needed.
Degassing: Vacuum/nitrogen sparging is effective. Ultrasonic agitation assists bubble release due to low surface tension.
Workup: Exploit density to separate from product-organic phases; residual perfluorocarbon is readily removed by mild warming/vacuum.
Catalysis: For FBC, choose a perfluorocarbon with a boiling point and viscosity that match the operating temperature and mass-transfer needs; additives (HFEs) can tune miscibility.
Materials compatibility: Prefer PTFE/PFA tubing and FFKM/Viton seals; avoid long-term exposure of soft elastomers if swelling is a concern.
Reaction Conditions
General guidance (literature; not product-specific specifications)
Temperature: Ambient to reflux depending on the targeted operation (e.g., 20–80+ °C for many FBC processes). Verify the exact boiling point of this item on its CoA to set safe reflux conditions.
Atmosphere: Typically inert (N2/Ar). Oxygen is highly soluble but generally undesired for sensitive reactions; degas if required.
Catalysts: Fluorous-tagged homogeneous catalysts (e.g., Pd, Rh complexes with perfluoroalkylated ligands) are preferentially soluble in the fluorous phase, with substrates in an organic phase; agitation and temperature mediate interphase mass transfer.
Time scales: Interfacial and biphasic reactions often proceed over 0.5–24 h depending on temperature and mixing; monitor by sampling the organic phase.
Additives: HFEs or perfluorinated ethers can modulate viscosity and miscibility at reaction temperature, improving rates. Surfactants designed for FBC may also be employed.
Workup: Cool to restore immiscibility; separate phases by density. Wash the fluorous phase with small volumes of the organic solvent to remove traces of product, then recover/reuse the fluorous phase by simple drying/filtration.
Equipment: Glass or stainless reactors with PTFE stir components. High-shear mixing or static mixers can improve interfacial area.
Safety: Avoid strong bases/nucleophiles at elevated temperatures that might promote defluorination in the presence of metals. Prevent overheating; decomposition can release HF—ensure off-gas scrubbing when operating near thermal limits.
Safety and Handling
Item-specific safety (from Product Data)
GHS signal word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
H-statements/GHS classification/pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
General safety information for perfluorocarbons (literature; not product-specific)
Flammability: Generally nonflammable and chemically inert under ambient conditions. Avoid high-temperature exposure; thermal decomposition can generate toxic, corrosive gases (e.g., HF, COF2, perfluoroisobutylene).
Acute exposure: Low acute toxicity expected; vapors can displace oxygen—risk of asphyxiation in confined/poorly ventilated areas.
Chronic hazards: Perfluorocarbons are persistent in the environment; minimize releases. No specific occupational exposure limits are typically assigned, but always check SDS/local regulations.
Incompatibilities: Avoid contact with very strong reducing agents (alkali metals), burning metals, and strong Lewis acids at elevated temperatures. Stable to most reagents at room temperature.
PPE: Laboratory coat, safety glasses or face shield, and appropriate chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile). For large-scale handling, use splash protection. Ensure adequate ventilation; use local exhaust when heating or generating mists.
First aid (overview): Move exposed persons to fresh air; if symptoms persist, seek medical attention. For skin/eye contact, rinse with water for at least 15 minutes. If decomposition products are suspected (smoke/fumes), treat as HF exposure risk and seek immediate care.
Fire response: Product is typically noncombustible; use extinguishing media suitable for surrounding materials. Fire may produce HF—wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Always consult the product SDS for authoritative and current safety guidance.
Solvent Selection
Relevance: perfluoro(methylcyclopentane) is a highly fluorinated, nonpolar, low-dielectric solvent suited for specialized tasks rather than general organic solvation.
Key solvent attributes (literature/general)
Polarity: Essentially apolar; dielectric constant typically <2 for perfluorocarbons. Extremely low polarizability.
Miscibility: Immiscible with water and most hydrocarbons, ethers, alcohols, and chlorinated solvents; miscible with many perfluorinated liquids and dissolves fluorous-tagged species and gases efficiently.
Density: High (typical for PFCs), enabling sharp, rapid phase separation and density-based manipulations.
Volatility: Moderate for C6 perfluorocarbons; enables easy removal by gentle warming or vacuum (confirm exact bp on CoA).
When to choose it
As the fluorous phase in fluorous biphasic catalysis and phase-vanishing reactions.
As an inert carrier fluid for gas delivery, reagent transport, or displacement drying where hydrocarbon contamination is unacceptable.
For density-based separations (e.g., layering/phase inversion experiments) and to suppress flammability risks.
Alternatives (trade-offs)
2-Methyltetrahydrofuran or cyclopentyl methyl ether: greener hydrocarbon-like ethers with broad solvation power, but flammable and miscible with organics (not density-separable like PFCs).
Hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) or hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs): lower GWP than fully perfluorinated solvents; often similar cleaning/heat-transfer utility but different boiling points and solvency.
Chlorinated solvents (e.g., dichloromethane): good density and solvency, but higher toxicity profiles and flammability/ozone issues.
Practical tips
Use PTFE, PFA, or stainless-steel contact materials. Many elastomers swell minimally, but verify compatibility.
Because solvency for organics is poor, co-solvents or surfactants may be required for interfacial reactions.
Storage and Reconstitution
Item-specific (from Product Data)
Storage conditions: Room temperature.
Shipped in: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General guidance (literature/practice)
Container: Store tightly closed in clean, dry PTFE-lined or fluoropolymer-compatible containers. Stainless steel is also suitable. Minimize headspace if long-term storage to reduce gas dissolution.
Environment: Keep away from heat sources, flames, and hot surfaces to prevent thermal decomposition. Avoid direct sunlight if container transparency allows heating.
Contamination control: Because solvency for common organics is low, trace contaminants may phase-separate—if purity is critical, prefilter through 0.2 µm PTFE and consider a short-path distillation.
Stability: Chemically inert and not prone to peroxide formation. Stable over extended periods under recommended conditions.
Reuse: Recover by phase separation and distillation if needed. Implement cold traps/condensers when evaporating to minimize emissions.
Research Use Note
For research use only.
Structure and Identity
Item-specific (from Product Data)
SKU: P478763
Product name: perfluoro(methylcyclopentane)
CAS: 1805-22-7
PubChem CID: 74546
InChIKey: 21273 (as provided)
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Literature/structural description (general)
Preferred IUPAC-style name (literature): perfluoro(methylcyclopentane); i.e., methylcyclopentane in which all C–H are replaced by C–F.
Molecular formula (literature): C6F12 (perfluorinated C6 ring with a CF3 substituent equivalent on the ring framework).
Average molecular weight (literature): ~300.05 g/mol.
2D structural features: a five‑membered saturated carbocycle in which each carbon bears fluorine substituents, and one carbon constitutes a pendant CF3-equivalent substituent relative to the cyclopentane skeleton. The framework is fully saturated and fully fluorinated (no C–H, no heteroatoms besides F), giving a highly symmetric, nonpolar, lipophobic perfluorocarbon.
Functional group class: perfluoroalkane (cyclic + perfluoroalkyl substituent). No ring unsaturation; no protic sites; very low polarizability of C–F bonds compared to hydrocarbons.
Notes
Exact stereochemical descriptors are not applicable (all centers are sp3 but not stereogenic due to symmetry and full fluorination).
Where exact identifiers (canonical SMILES, definitive InChIKey) are required for regulatory or analytical purposes, please consult the item’s CoA/Spec Sheet or SDS.
Synthetic Utility
Functional profile (literature/general)
Chemical functionality: Fully saturated perfluoroalkane—effectively inert to most reagents under standard synthetic conditions. Does not participate as a reagent; its “reactivity” is expressed through phase behavior and physical properties.
Phase-vanishing and interfacial chemistry: Dense, nonmiscible layer promotes diffusion-controlled halogenations and other electrophilic processes where reagent delivery from a top layer is desired.
Workup facilitation: Can be used to partition fluorous-tagged protecting groups, scavengers, or reagents away from conventional organic phases, streamlining purification.
Heat transfer/control: Provides uniform temperature distribution in photochemical or exothermic setups as an external bath fluid without flammability risk.
Practical considerations
Solubility tuning: Co-solvents like HFEs or perfluorinated ethers can improve solubility of fluorous reagents if needed.
Removal: Residual perfluorocarbon is readily removed under reduced pressure with mild warming; low surface energy can entrap microdroplets—use brief centrifugation or phase-freeze techniques to assist.
Containment: Use PTFE-lined reactors/tubing to avoid contamination and ensure long-term material compatibility.
Target Specificity
Not applicable.
This product is a small-molecule solvent (perfluorocarbon), not a biological affinity reagent. No antigen/epitope/clone/isotype information applies.
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