Phosphorus (P) — Element 15: Properties & Data | Aladdin Scientific
Phosphorus(P) — Element 15
Phosphorus (P) is a nonmetal with atomic number 15 and atomic mass 30.9738. It has melting point 317.3 K (44 °C), boiling point 553.65 K (280 °C), density 1.82 g/cm³. It sits in group 15 and period 3 of the periodic table and was discovered in 1669.
Key facts
| Atomic mass | 30.9738 u |
|---|---|
| Electron configuration | [Ne]3s2 3p3 |
| Oxidation states | +5, +3, -3 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.19 |
| Atomic radius (van der Waals) | 180 pm |
| Ionization energy | 10.487 eV |
| Electron affinity | 0.746 eV |
| Melting point | 317.3 K |
| Boiling point | 553.65 K |
| Density | 1.82 g/cm³ |
| Standard state | Solid |
| Year discovered | 1669 |
Frequently asked questions
What is the electron configuration of phosphorus?
The ground-state electron configuration of phosphorus is [Ne]3s2 3p3.
What group and period is phosphorus in?
Phosphorus (P) is in group 15 and period 3 of the periodic table, classified as a nonmetal.
What is the melting point of phosphorus?
Phosphorus melts at 317.3 K (44 °C).
What is the standard state of phosphorus?
Phosphorus is a solid at standard temperature and pressure.
Related elements
About this data: property values compiled from IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights (2021), the NIST Atomic Spectra Database, and PubChem. Curated by the Aladdin Scientific technical team. Last reviewed: .