SIM Motility Medium - BioReagent

Cat. No.: S1528314

グレード＆純度 BioReagent

Storage

Room temperature

Shipped In

Normal

概要

For bacterial motility test

仕様

仕様と純度

BioReagent

保管条件

Room temperature

入荷

Normal

等級

BioReagent

Product Line

生物製品

Application Protocols

No item‑specific validated protocols are provided in the Product Data. The following is a general literature protocol for SIM testing (for research use only; adjust per your SOP and Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet):

• Preparation
  • Prepare semi‑solid SIM tubes per label; allow to solidify upright. Warm to room temperature before inoculation to reduce condensation.
• Inoculation
  • Using a straight inoculating needle, pick a small amount of a fresh, isolated colony. Stab the medium once to a depth of ~2/3 of the tube; withdraw along the same path.
• Incubation
  • Incubate at 35–37°C for 18–24 h (longer for slow growers), in ambient air unless organism requires special conditions.
• Reading results
  • Motility: Look for diffuse growth radiating from the stab line (positive) versus sharp, confined growth (negative).
  • H2S: Observe for blackening (FeS) in the medium (positive). If heavy blackening obscures motility, record H2S and consider repeating for motility on dedicated medium.
  • Indole: Carefully add Kovács’ reagent down the tube wall to form a surface layer; a cherry‑red ring within minutes indicates indole positive; yellow/no change is negative.
• Controls
  • Run known positive and negative control strains with each batch to verify performance.

Biological Roles

SIM Motility Medium supports three classic differential readouts that reflect underlying microbial metabolic pathways and cellular structures (literature/general):

• Sulfide production (H2S)
  • Some bacteria reduce thiosulfate via anaerobic respiration or fermentative pathways, generating H2S. In SIM, H2S reacts with ferrous ions to form insoluble FeS, visualized as blackening. Enzymes involved include thiosulfate reductases and cysteine desulfurases, depending on species.
• Indole production
  • Tryptophanase (tnaA) converts tryptophan to indole, pyruvate, and ammonia. After incubation, addition of Kovács’ or Ehrlich’s reagent extracts indole into an alcohol layer forming a rosindole dye (red) if indole is present.
• Motility
  • Flagella‑mediated motility allows cells to migrate through the semi‑solid agar. Chemotaxis and growth conditions modulate the dispersion pattern. Non‑motile organisms lack functional flagellar systems or are inhibited by the gel matrix/conditions.
• Interpretive value
  • The combined pattern (H2S/indole/motility) supports phenotypic characterization of Enterobacterales and other Gram‑negative rods in research settings. Results should be interpreted alongside control strains and complementary biochemical tests per laboratory SOPs.

Note: This medium and its readouts are for research use only (from Product Data) and are not intended for clinical diagnosis.

Buffer Applications

This product is a semi‑solid culture medium, not a defined buffering reagent. While SIM typically has an overall near‑neutral pH (literature), it is not used to prepare classical buffer systems for biochemical assays.

• If a defined buffer is required, prepare it separately (e.g., phosphate, Tris) and use for washing or reagent preparation outside the SIM test.
• For indole detection, Kovács’ or Ehrlich’s reagent is applied after incubation; these are specialized detection reagents rather than buffers.

Green Alternatives

• Environmental context (general)
  • SIM is an aqueous, agar‑based medium; it is inherently water‑based and free of volatile organic solvents. Environmental impacts primarily arise from energy use during sterilization (autoclaving) and from disposal of biohazardous waste.
• Greener practice suggestions (literature/best practice)
  • Optimize batch sizes to minimize autoclave cycles while avoiding excess waste.
  • Use high‑efficiency autoclave settings and validate minimal effective cycles (e.g., 121°C for 15 min for small volumes) per institutional policy.
  • Where feasible, prepare ready‑to‑use aliquots to reduce repeated heating, which can degrade nutrients and increase energy consumption.
  • Segregate uninoculated expired media (if permitted) for non‑biohazard disposal pathways; inoculated media must be deactivated (autoclave) prior to disposal.
  • Source agar and peptones from suppliers with sustainability certifications where possible.
• Alternatives/adjacent media choices
  • If only one parameter is needed, single‑purpose media (e.g., motility agar alone) may reduce reagent consumption and post‑incubation reagents (e.g., indole reagent) but at the cost of multiplexing efficiency.
• Trade‑offs
  • SIM consolidates three tests in one tube, potentially lowering total material and energy use compared with running three separate assays; however, iron and sulfur components can darken waste streams and require appropriate handling.

Pharmaceutical Uses

SIM Motility Medium is a research‑grade microbiological medium and is not an excipient or drug substance.

• Regulatory/compendial status: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Typical relevance (general)
  • In pharmaceutical microbiology research, SIM‑type media may be used for characterization of laboratory strains, training, or method development. For QC of finished products, compendial media and validated methods are generally required; SIM may not be part of compendial test panels unless defined by a specific method.
• No therapeutic or clinical diagnostic claims are made (For research use only; from Product Data).

Physical Properties

Because SIM Motility Medium is a formulated mixture, discrete single‑compound physical constants do not apply.

• Item-specific properties
  • Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Grade/Purity: BioReagent (from Product Data).
  • Storage Conditions: Room temperature (from Product Data).
  • Shipping: Normal (from Product Data).
• Typical properties (literature/general for SIM media; not product‑specific)
  • Physical form: Available as a dehydrated powder (rehydrates to a semi‑solid gel after autoclaving) or as prepared tubes/plates.
  • Gel strength: Semi‑solid (low agar content) to support motility observation; exact agar percentage varies by manufacturer.
  • Working pH: Commonly near neutral after sterilization (e.g., ~6.8–7.3, literature). Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Solvent: Water (DI or distilled) is used for reconstitution and sterilization by autoclaving (literature practice).
  • Solubility: Fully dispersible in water before sterilization; forms a gel on cooling after autoclaving (literature).
  • Color: Pale to tan in dehydrated form; light amber when prepared; darkens where FeS forms around H2S‑positive growth (literature observation).
• Not applicable
  • Boiling point, melting point, density, logP, refractive index, single pKa: Not applicable/meaningful for a complex mixture; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Quality and Grades

• Item-specific grade
  • BioReagent (from Product Data): Indicates suitability for research and laboratory use where consistent performance and low bioburden are required. Not intended for clinical use or as a diagnostic device.
• What BioReagent grade implies (general)
  • Controlled composition and lot‑to‑lot consistency appropriate for microbiological workflows.
  • Typically produced under documented QC with criteria such as pH after sterilization, gel performance, and growth/response of control strains (e.g., motility and H2S/indole reactions). Specific QC parameters are manufacturer‑defined and Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Stabilizers/additives
  • Culture media do not typically include separate stabilizers; performance relies on correct raw material quality (peptones, agar, salts). Any additives for stability would be listed on the specification; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Documentation and traceability
  • For regulated environments, retain the lot CoA and preparation records (water quality, sterilization cycle parameters, pH, fill volumes). Where applicable, verify performance with control organisms per in‑house SOPs.

Reaction and Applications

Chemical reaction applications are not applicable. Instead, SIM Motility Medium is used for microbiological differential testing (literature/general):

• Use cases
  • H2S production: Detects thiosulfate reduction to H2S, which reacts with iron salts to form a black FeS precipitate along the stab line or diffused through the medium.
  • Indole production: Following incubation, addition of Kovács’ or Ehrlich’s reagent detects indole generated by tryptophanase acting on tryptophan in the medium (cherry‑red ring for positive reactions with Kovács’ reagent).
  • Motility: Semi‑solid agar permits flagellated organisms to migrate away from the inoculation stab, producing diffuse turbidity; non‑motile bacteria remain as a sharp line.
• Representative organisms (for control/validation; literature)
  • Positive/negative controls often include strains such as Escherichia coli (indole+), Proteus mirabilis (H2S+ motile), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (non‑motile) depending on the trait of interest. Selection of strains should follow your SOP.
• Practical considerations
  • Use straight‑needle inoculation with a single stab to 2/3 depth; avoid wiggling to prevent false motility calls.
  • Incubate under appropriate temperature/atmosphere for the organism (often 35–37°C, 18–24 h; literature). Read motility/H2S before applying indole reagent to preserve interpretability.

Reaction Conditions

Chemical reaction conditions are not applicable. For microbiological use, typical incubation/assay conditions are provided as general literature guidance (not product‑specific; follow your SOP and the product label/CoA):

• Preparation (literature)
  • Reconstitution concentration, pH target, and agar percentage: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Dissolve the dehydrated medium in water with stirring; heat to aid dissolution; sterilize by autoclaving (commonly 121°C for ~15 min for small volumes). Allow to cool and dispense as semi‑solid deep tubes if not pre‑dispensed.
• Inoculation and incubation (literature)
  • Inoculate with a straight needle via a single stab to ~2/3 depth to avoid wall contact. Incubate at organism‑appropriate temperature (often 35–37°C) for 18–24 h; slower growers may require up to 48 h.
  • Atmosphere: Ambient air is typical; for obligate anaerobes or microaerophiles, use suitable conditions.
• Readout (literature)
  • H2S: Black precipitate (FeS) indicates positive.
  • Motility: Diffuse, feathered growth away from stab indicates motile; sharp confined growth indicates non‑motile.
  • Indole: Add Kovács’ or Ehrlich’s reagent to the tube surface; a red ring within minutes indicates indole positive.

All parameters above are general literature practices and Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Safety and Handling

• GHS classification and hazards
  • Signal Word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
  • H‑Statements / Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• General laboratory safety (applicable to culture media; literature/best practice)
  • Handle dehydrated media to minimize dust inhalation; use local exhaust or work in a clean area. Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and nitrile gloves.
  • Avoid contact with strong oxidizers or acids/bases that could alter medium chemistry. Keep dry until use to prevent clumping and microbial contamination.
  • When preparing media: add powder to cold/room‑temperature water with stirring to avoid clumping; heat carefully to dissolve. Autoclave in vented containers and avoid overfilling to prevent boil‑over. Use heat‑resistant gloves and eye/face protection when handling hot liquids and glassware.
  • Post‑sterilization: practice aseptic technique to avoid contamination. Dispose of used media and cultures by autoclaving or per institutional biohazard protocols.
  • Microbiological risk: Once inoculated, tubes/flasks constitute biohazardous material. Follow appropriate biosafety level (BSL) procedures for the organism under study.
• First aid (general): If dust or prepared medium contacts eyes/skin, rinse with water. If inhaled, move to fresh air. If ingested, rinse mouth with water. Seek medical attention as needed. Always defer to the SDS for authoritative guidance.

Solvent Selection

This product is intended to be reconstituted in water; classical solvent selection paradigms for organic synthesis do not apply.

• Reconstitution solvent (general, literature)
  • Use distilled or deionized water (typically 18 MΩ·cm where available) to minimize ionic and organic contaminants that may affect motility, H2S precipitation, or indole reactions.
  • Avoid chelators (e.g., EDTA carryover) or high chloride load from wash bottles that could complex iron or alter thiosulfate chemistry.
• Miscibility/profile
  • Water‑only use is recommended. Organic solvents should not be used for preparation or sterilization as they alter gelation and biological responses.
• Practical tips
  • Bring water to room temperature before adding powder to reduce clumping. Stir vigorously to ensure uniform suspension prior to autoclaving.
  • If supplementing (e.g., antibiotics for selective studies), sterile‑filter supplements and add after the medium has cooled to ~45–50°C to protect heat‑labile components (literature practice).
• When to choose SIM versus alternatives (general)
  • Choose SIM to assess three parameters in a single tube: sulfide production, indole formation (with reagent overlay after incubation), and motility. For higher resolution of motility alone, dedicated motility agar may be preferred; for indole specifically, tryptone broth/agar plus reagent is common; for H2S with carbohydrate fermentation, TSI/KIA agar may be used (literature comparisons).

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage (item‑specific)
  • Store at Room temperature (from Product Data). Keep container tightly closed in a dry place. Protect from moisture and microbial contamination.
  • Shipped: Normal (from Product Data).
• Shelf life: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Reconstitution and sterilization (general literature; not product‑specific)
  • Reconstitution concentration and exact composition: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Disperse the dehydrated medium in distilled/deionized water with stirring; heat gently to dissolve. Sterilize by autoclaving (commonly 121°C, ~15 min for small volumes). Mix well and dispense as semi‑solid deeps; allow to solidify upright.
  • If supplementing with heat‑labile components, cool the medium to ~45–50°C before aseptic addition.
• Handling after preparation
  • Store prepared tubes at 2–8°C to maintain integrity and reduce contamination; warm to room temperature before use to minimize condensation (literature practice). Avoid repeated melt/solidify cycles which can alter gel strength and performance.
• Reuse/freeze–thaw
  • Do not freeze prepared agar media. Discard if dehydration, contamination, or performance drift is observed.

Always consult the product label and CoA/Spec Sheet for item‑specific preparation details; this product is For research use only (from Product Data).

Structure and Identity

SIM Motility Medium is a complex, multi‑component microbiology culture medium rather than a single, well‑defined chemical entity.

• Item-specific identifiers
  • CAS: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • SMILES / InChI / InChIKey: Not applicable to complex mixtures; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Structural features (general, literature):
  • SIM (“Sulfide–Indole–Motility”) medium is typically a semi‑solid agar matrix containing protein/peptone substrates (source of tryptophan and amino acids), a sulfur source (e.g., sodium thiosulfate), and an iron salt (e.g., ferrous ammonium sulfate) that forms a black FeS precipitate upon H2S production.
  • The semi‑solid consistency (low agar concentration) enables assessment of bacterial motility by diffuse growth from the stab line.
  • Tryptophan in the peptone supports detection of indole formation after addition of Kovács’ or Ehrlich’s reagent (performed post‑incubation).
• 2D “structure” description in words (general):
  • A hydrated gel network of agar polysaccharides embedding small inorganic salts (thiosulfate, ferrous ions) and complex peptide/nitrogen sources. There is no single molecular structure; performance derives from the balanced composition and gel rheology.

Notes: Composition and exact component concentrations are manufacturer‑specific and Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Synthetic Utility

Not applicable. SIM Motility Medium is not a synthetic building block or reagent for chemical transformations. It is a formulated culture medium for microbiological differentiation. For chemical synthesis guidance, refer to appropriate solvent/reagent products instead.

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is a culture medium, not an antibody, probe, or biochemical inhibitor with target specificity. It differentially reveals microbial phenotypes (H2S production, indole production, motility) but does not bind a specific molecular target.

よくある質問

How should this product be stored?

Store at room temperature.