ROS

When plants are exposed to drought, salt stress, low temperature, high temperature, heavy metals, or oxidative stress, GABA, proline, soluble sugars, and the antioxidant system jointly participate in osmotic regulation, carbon-nitrogen allocation, ROS scavenging, and cellular homeostasis ...

The core of selenoprotein research is to clarify how redox reactions involving selenocysteine affect antioxidant defense, mitochondrial homeostasis, inflammatory responses, and cell death. Combined detection of selenoproteins such as GPX, TXNRD, and SELENOP with SOD, CAT, PRDX, GSH/GSSG, ROS, ...

Oxidative stress research has shifted from the concept of “ROS excess causing damage” toward “precise regulation of redox signaling.” ROS can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, but they can also participate in cell fate regulation, metabolic reprogramming, immune escape, and disease ...

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are not two independent events, but rather a continuous process driven by the mutual reinforcement of reactive oxygen species accumulation, membrane-potential fluctuation, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and calcium-homeostasis ...

Cellular metabolic enzymes are not merely responsible for the chemical conversion of “substrate to product”; they form a highly coupled functional system spanning energy supply, redox homeostasis, and signal transduction.

Coelenterazine (Coelenterazine, CTZ, CAS 55779-48-1) is a representative marine luciferin that is widely used as the substrate and light-emitting chromophore for multiple marine luciferases and the jellyfish photoprotein (Aequorin). By tuning spectral position, emission intensity, reaction ...

In 1998, the field of medical science marked a major milestone when Robert F. Furchgott, Louis J. Ignarro, and Ferid Murad were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for uncovering the role of nitric oxide (NO) as a key signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system. This ...