DYS Yersinia Agar - BioReagent

Cat. No.: D1528676

GRADE & PURITY BioReagent

Storage

Room temperature

Shipped In

Normal

Panoramica

For isolation and cultivation of Yersinia enterocolitica

Specifications

Specifiche e purezza

BioReagent

Condizioni di conservazione di stoccaggio

Room temperature

Spedito in

Normal

Grado

BioReagent

Product Line

Prodotti biologici

Application Protocols

General, literature-based guidance for Yersinia-selective agar. Follow your SOPs and the item’s label—parameters vary by formulation.

A. Medium preparation

• Weigh the manufacturer-specified grams per liter into purified water. Typical Yersinia-selective agars are in the ~50–60 g/L range (literature; do not substitute for label).
• Heat with stirring to dissolve agar completely. Adjust pH only if instructed by the label.
• Autoclave at 121 °C for 15 min unless otherwise specified. Cool to 45–50 °C.
• If selective supplements are heat-labile, aseptically add the indicated volume of sterile supplement at 45–50 °C and mix well.
• Pour 20–25 mL per 90-mm plate; allow to solidify and dry surface condensation before use. Store plates inverted at 2–8 °C if not used immediately (time limits per SOP).

B. Sample analysis

• Optional enrichment: Pre-enrich samples in non-selective broth, then selective enrichment; cold enrichment (4–10 °C) can enhance recovery of psychrotrophic Yersinia.
• Streak samples for isolation; incubate plates at 25–30 °C for 24–48 h.
• Examine for presumptive Yersinia morphology per label (e.g., color/halo). Pick colonies for confirmation by biochemical panels or PCR.

C. Quality control (suggested, literature)

• Test with known Yersinia control strain (growth positive) and representative non-targets (inhibited/atypical). Record colony morphology and recovery counts.

Biological Roles

This product is a culture medium and does not possess intrinsic biological roles as a biomolecule.

Context for target organism (literature/general):

• Yersinia spp., notably Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis, are Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rods within Enterobacteriaceae. Many strains are psychrotrophic, capable of growth at refrigeration temperatures, which impacts enrichment strategies.
• Key metabolic traits leveraged for differentiation on selective agars include mannitol fermentation, urease activity (off-plate tests), and resistance/susceptibility to specific inhibitors (e.g., cefsulodin, irgasan, novobiocin in CIN formulations).
• Growth preferences often include incubation at 25–30 °C, where Yersinia can outcompete other enterics that prefer 35–37 °C, thereby increasing selectivity by temperature.
• Indicator responses: pH indicators (e.g., neutral red) and carbohydrate substrates enable visual discrimination (e.g., bull’s-eye colonies in certain media) through acid production.

Use this information to interpret colony morphology and plan confirmation testing (biochemical panels or PCR). Always verify presumptive isolates with orthogonal methods; culture media provide presumptive differentiation only.

Buffer Applications

Not typically applicable. This product is a complex selective agar medium, not a defined buffering system. While prepared media possess intrinsic buffering capacity from their components, they are not used as stand-alone laboratory buffers. For buffer preparation, consult dedicated buffering agents and systems (e.g., phosphate, Tris) appropriate to your application.

Green Alternatives

While “green chemistry” solvent replacement is not directly applicable to dehydrated culture media, sustainability considerations can inform media use (general/literature):

• Resource efficiency:
  • Prepare only the volume required to minimize waste of agar and supplements.
  • Use energy-efficient autoclave cycles sized to the load; avoid repeated overheating of media.
• Packaging and waste:
  • Choose larger pack sizes to reduce packaging per unit if turnover supports it.
  • Solid, uninoculated expired media can often be disposed as non-hazardous chemical waste; inoculated media require biohazard treatment (autoclave) before disposal—plan batch sizes accordingly.
• Process alternatives (comparison, literature/general):
  • Ready-to-use plated media: reduce in-lab energy and water use but increase shipping weight/volume and single-use plastics.
  • Dehydrated media (this item): lower transport footprint; requires in-lab sterilization and plate pouring.
• Selective agent stewardship:
  • Some Yersinia media include antibiotics as inhibitors; where feasible, handle and dispose to minimize environmental release.

Trade-offs: Dehydrated media offer flexibility and reduced shipping mass but require autoclave energy and water. Optimize batch sizes and storage to balance quality and sustainability.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No therapeutic or clinical claims. This product is intended strictly for research and laboratory use.

Relevant non-clinical/industrial contexts (general/literature):

• Microbiology quality control: Selective plating for Yersinia spp. during environmental monitoring or raw material/matrix investigations in R&D and non-GMP settings, when such organisms are part of a risk assessment or challenge study design.
• Method development and validation: Useful for developing selective recovery steps in research workflows addressing psychrotrophic Gram-negative contaminants.
• Training and proficiency: Can be used to train personnel on selective isolation techniques and interpretation of differential colony morphologies.

Regulatory note: Use in GMP release testing or compendial methods requires documented equivalency/validation with the specified medium and strict adherence to SOPs. Consult internal QA and the product’s CoA/instructions; this listing alone does not confer compendial status.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physicochemical specifications were not provided for this medium.

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Moisture content, pH of prepared medium, and gel strength: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility: Designed to dissolve/disperse in purified/distilled water during medium preparation; final solidification occurs upon cooling due to agar content (general/literature).
• Typical preparation pH (after sterilization) for Yersinia-selective agars: ~7.2–7.6 at 25 °C (literature; exact setpoint depends on formulation).
• Handling form: Dehydrated powder that hydrates on heating and sets to a gel upon cooling (general/literature).
• Thermal behavior: Agar solutions liquefy on heating (>80–90 °C) and solidify around 35–45 °C (literature/general). Exact values vary with formulation and concentration.

Note: In the absence of item-specific specs, rely on the product label/CoA for grams-per-liter, target pH, and any supplement requirements. Do not substitute literature values for product specifications in regulated or validated workflows.

Quality and Grades

• Grade: BioReagent (item-specific). This indicates suitability for biological research workflows where medium consistency, microbial performance, and low background contaminants are important. It does not imply suitability for clinical diagnostics unless explicitly stated elsewhere.
• What BioReagent means in practice:
  • Controlled raw material sourcing (e.g., peptones/agar lots) to support reproducible microbial growth and selectivity (general).
  • Performance characteristics (e.g., recovery and selectivity for Yersinia spp.) are typically validated by growth tests with target and non-target strains; consult the CoA for specific performance metrics (item-specific documentation).
  • Not intended for human or animal therapeutic use; For research use only (item-specific research note).
• Stabilizers/antimicrobials: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• UV/trace impurity limits: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Documentation: For regulated environments, rely on the lot-specific CoA for grams-per-liter, target pH, productivity/selectivity test organisms, and incubation parameters validated by the manufacturer.

Reaction and Applications

Chemical reaction applications are not relevant to a microbiological culture medium.

Microbiological applications (literature/general):

• Selective isolation and differentiation of Yersinia spp. (e.g., Y. enterocolitica) from clinical, food, or environmental samples in research and QC laboratories (non-clinical use).
• Use following cold enrichment (e.g., 4–10 °C for 1–5 days) to enhance recovery of psychrotrophic Yersinia from complex matrices.
• Typical incubation: 25–30 °C for 24–48 h; Yersinia often grows better at lower temperatures than many competing enterics, aiding selectivity.
• Colony morphology: On certain Yersinia-selective media, target colonies can present as red “bull’s-eye” with translucent margins due to mannitol fermentation and indicator response; consult the specific product’s CoA for expected appearances.
• Workflow positioning: Apply as a selective/differential plate after non-selective pre-enrichment and selective enrichment broths to improve sensitivity and specificity.
• Confirmation: Employ biochemical, serological, or molecular confirmation for presumptive colonies; culture media alone are not confirmatory.

Note: Parameters above are general literature guidance; for validated testing, follow your lab SOPs and the lot-specific instructions for this item.

Reaction Conditions

Not applicable to chemical reactions.

Microbiological culture conditions (literature/general):

• Reconstitution: Follow label for grams per liter; gently heat with stirring to dissolve. Avoid scorching.
• Sterilization: Autoclave at 121 °C for 15 min unless label specifies otherwise. If the formulation contains heat-labile selective agents, add aseptically to the base cooled to ~45–50 °C.
• Plating temperature: Pour plates at ~45–50 °C to prevent excessive condensation and maintain activity of heat-sensitive supplements.
• Incubation: Commonly 25–30 °C for 24–48 h. For low-level contamination, include a prior cold enrichment step (e.g., 4–10 °C for 1–5 days) before plating.
• Atmosphere: Aerobic incubation is typical; some workflows also assess microaerophilic or CO2 conditions depending on the organism panel.
• Performance checks: Inoculate with known Yersinia control strains and non-target organisms to verify selectivity and productivity per lab QC.

Always default to the lot-specific instructions, as preparation weight, target pH, and supplement lists vary among Yersinia agar formulations.

Safety and Handling

• GHS classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Signal word / H-statements / pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• General hazards: Dehydrated culture media are typically of low chemical hazard but may be irritant to eyes/respiratory tract as dust. Once inoculated, plates/broths constitute a potential biohazard and must be handled per biosafety procedures (general/literature).
• PPE: Laboratory coat, gloves, and safety glasses; use dust control (weighing in a fume hood or with local exhaust) to minimize inhalation of particulates (best practice/general).
• Incompatibilities: Avoid strong oxidizers and moisture uptake (caking, degradation). Keep container tightly closed to prevent contamination and humidity exposure (general).
• First aid (overview): If inhaled—move to fresh air; if in eyes—rinse cautiously with water; if on skin—wash with soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. Refer to SDS for detailed instructions.
• Sterilization: Prepared media are commonly sterilized by autoclaving unless the formulation includes heat-labile selective agents that are filter-sterilized and added aseptically after cooling to ~45–50 °C (literature/general).
• Waste: Treat inoculated media as biohazardous waste; autoclave prior to disposal per institutional guidelines (general). Always defer to the SDS and local regulations.

Solvent Selection

This product is a dehydrated microbiological medium; solvent selection in the organic chemistry sense is not applicable.

Practical reconstitution guidance (general/literature):

• Solvent: Purified water (distilled or deionized) per medium label. Avoid high ionic strength or residual disinfectants that inhibit growth.
• Dissolution: Disperse gradually into cold water with stirring to prevent clumping; heat to boiling for complete solution of agar. Do not overheat to dryness.
• Sterilization: Autoclave per label (commonly 121 °C for 15 min) unless selective agents are heat-labile; add such supplements aseptically at ~45–50 °C.
• Pouring plates: Cool to ~45–50 °C before pouring to minimize condensation and to protect heat-sensitive additives.

When to choose Yersinia agar vs alternatives (literature/general):

• Use Yersinia-selective agar when recovery and differentiation of Yersinia spp. from mixed flora is required.
• Alternatives include CIN agar (highly selective/differential via cefsulodin–irgasan–novobiocin), MacConkey (less selective, for Enterobacteriaceae), or non-selective TSA for enrichment. Selection depends on sample bioburden and target specificity.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage conditions (item-specific): Room temperature. Keep container tightly closed, in a cool, dry place away from humidity and direct sunlight. Avoid repeated opening in humid environments to prevent caking and performance loss.
• Shipping: Normal (item-specific).
• Reconstitution (general/literature):
  • Use purified/distilled water. Add the label-specified grams per liter while stirring.
  • Heat to dissolve; avoid localized overheating.
  • Autoclave per instructions. If applicable, cool to 45–50 °C and aseptically add heat-labile selective supplements.
  • Pour plates and allow to set. Store prepared plates inverted in sealed sleeves at 2–8 °C; use within the shelf-life defined by your SOP.
• Freeze–thaw: Not applicable to dehydrated media. Do not freeze the dry powder; moisture condensation upon thaw can degrade performance.
• Shelf life: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Research use: For research use only (item-specific).

Always consult the lot-specific label/CoA for exact grams-per-liter, target pH after sterilization, required supplements, and performance criteria.

Structure and Identity

• Item type: Dehydrated culture medium formulated for selective/differential cultivation of Yersinia spp. (microbiological agar base), not a single defined chemical entity.
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not applicable to complex media; Not specified for this item.
• InChIKey: Not applicable to complex media; Not specified for this item.
• Structural features: As a composite medium, it typically contains a mixture of peptones, salts, carbohydrates, indicators, inhibitors, and agar as a gelling agent (literature/general). No discrete 2D structure applies.
• 2D description (general): A heterogeneous blend of low–molecular-weight nutrients (amino acids/peptides), buffers/salts, carbon sources (e.g., mannitol), dyes/indicators (e.g., neutral red), selective agents (e.g., antibiotics/biocides), and high–molecular-weight polysaccharide (agar) as solidifying matrix (literature/general).
• Synonym context: Often referred to generically as “Yersinia selective agar” in microbiology labs (literature/general).

Synthetic Utility

Not applicable. As a dehydrated microbiological medium, DYS Yersinia Agar is not used as a reagent or building block in chemical synthesis. For relevant guidance, see sections on Reaction & Applications (microbiological context) and Application Protocols.

Target Specificity

Antibody/antigen target data are not applicable to this product.

Microbiological selectivity (literature/general):

• Intended use: Selective and differential recovery of Yersinia spp., leveraging inhibitors to suppress competing Gram-negative/Gram-positive flora and carbohydrate/indicator systems to visualize target colonies.
• Typical readouts: Yersinia colonies may present distinct color/halo patterns depending on fermentation and indicator chemistry; non-target organisms are inhibited or yield different morphologies.
• Scope: Selectivity varies by exact inhibitor system; consult the CoA/instructions for the specific inhibition spectrum and expected colony characteristics for this item.