QUALITÀ & PUREZZAMoligand™?Moligand™ — Aladdin's line of ligands and bioactive small molecules. Use for receptor, pathway, and binding studies needing defined small-molecule tools.
Moligand™ Moligand™ per flussi di lavoro cromatografici e analitici sensibili che richiedono un'interferenza minima della linea di base.
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Stoccaggio e spedizione
Room temperature Spedizione . Consultare il COA specifico del lotto per le specifiche esatte.
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Documenti di qualità
SDS, COA, scheda tecnica e scheda delle specifiche disponibili per il download. COA specifico del lotto accessibile tramite ricerca per numero di lotto.
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Prova documentale
Citato in 0 pubblicazioni peer-reviewed su cromatografia, sintesi organica e reazioni di accoppiamento incrociato.
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biphenyls and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing to benzene rings linked together by a C-C bond.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
Certificati (CoA, COO, BSE/TSE e tabella di analisi)
C of A & Other Certificates(BSE/TSE, COO):
Analytical Chart:
Proprietà chimiche e fisiche
Peso molecolare
402.400 g/mol
XLogP3
4.900
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
5
Rotatable Bond Count
5
Exact Mass
402.166 Da
Monoisotopic Mass
402.166 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area
53.600 Ų
Heavy Atom Count
30
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
537.000
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
The total count of all stereochemical bonds
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Calcolatori di soluzioni
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Recensioni
Recensioni dei clienti
Application Protocols
Only product-data-verified protocols can be listed.
Tested applications, recommended dilutions, positive controls: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General note: For assay development, follow your laboratory’s validated SOPs and vendor kit instructions. Establish compound-specific parameters (solubility, stability, dilution schemes) empirically.
Biological Roles
Item-specific biological targets are not specified in the product data. The following is literature context and should not be treated as item specification.
Literature/general context:
GSK1521498 is reported as a potent, selective μ-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist/inverse agonist used as a tool compound in GPCR pharmacology. MOR is a Class A GPCR primarily coupling to Gi/o, modulating adenylyl cyclase, ion channels, and β-arrestin pathways.
Such ligands are applied to dissect receptor occupancy–response relationships, receptor internalization/desensitization, and signaling bias.
In systems neuroscience and chemical biology, MOR ligands enable modulation of endogenous opioid signaling to probe synaptic function and neuronal circuits in vitro and ex vivo.
Best practices for biological use (non-spec):
Validate target engagement using orthogonal assays (radioligand binding vs. functional readouts such as cAMP inhibition or β-arrestin recruitment).
Control for off-target effects by profiling across related opioid receptors (DOR, KOR) and broader GPCR panels where data are required.
Confirm free (unbound) concentration in protein-rich media; consider equilibrium dialysis or microscale thermophoresis for binding assessments.
No medical or clinical claims are made; for research use only.
Buffer Applications
This product is a small-molecule ligand, not a buffer component. There are no item-specific buffering properties provided.
General assay buffer guidance (non-spec):
For GPCR and cell-based assays, common buffers include HBSS or PBS supplemented with HEPES (10–20 mM, pH 7.3–7.4), Ca2+/Mg2+ as required, and 0.1% BSA to reduce nonspecific binding. Maintain DMSO ≤0.5–1% v/v.
For membrane binding assays: 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, with salt and Mg2+ is typical; include protease inhibitors if needed.
For enzymatic readouts (e.g., cAMP kits), follow kit-recommended buffer compositions to avoid interference.
These are general practices; optimize empirically for your target and readout. No specific buffer recipes are assigned to this item.
Green Alternatives
Greenness considerations focus on solvent and handling since compound identity-specific data are not provided.
Prefer water-based buffers whenever feasible, aided by minimal DMSO (≤0.5–1% v/v) to deliver the compound.
Consider ethanol as a co-solvent when compatible with assays; it is less problematic from an environmental standpoint than high volumes of DMSO or halogenated solvents.
Use HP-β-cyclodextrin or solubilizing excipients to reduce organic solvent demand in biological assays.
Implement closed, amber containers to limit volatilization and photolysis; this reduces waste and re-makes.
These recommendations are general; confirm compatibility with your specific biological system and with this item’s CoA/SDS.
Pharmaceutical Uses
No pharmacopeial or excipient status is provided for this item. This product is sold strictly for research use only.
Permitted research uses:
Reference/control standard in discovery pharmacology, target validation, or method development.
Internal standard or spike-in for analytical methods supporting in vitro studies (after verification of purity/identity in CoA).
Not for use in humans or clinical applications:
Not a drug substance, API, or excipient; no GMP documentation or regulatory filings are implied.
Formulation notes for research tools (general, non-spec):
For in vitro work, prepare DMSO stocks and dilute into assay buffer to the minimal solvent level. For ex vivo tissue studies, verify vehicle tolerability and avoid precipitation upon dilution.
If pharmacokinetic or exposure studies are contemplated in preclinical research, formulate using suitable vehicles (e.g., PEG300/Saline, Captisol, or lipid-based systems) only within institutional animal research frameworks and approvals; this is outside the scope of this product listing.
Physical Properties
Item-specific specifications:
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Melting point / Boiling point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Density / Refractive index: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
LogP / pKa / UV-Vis cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General/literature guidance (non-spec):
For small-molecule screening ligands of this class, working stocks are commonly prepared in anhydrous DMSO at 10–50 mM, then diluted into assay buffers to ≤1% v/v DMSO final to mitigate solvent effects. If aqueous solubility is limited, co-solvents (ethanol ≤1–2% v/v), surfactants (0.01–0.05% Tween-80), or cyclodextrins may be evaluated. These parameters must be empirically determined for this item.
Practical notes:
Prior to use, confirm solid form (free base vs. salt), hydrate/solvate content, and polymorph if relevant, as these can affect solubility and potency readouts.
Filter sterilization (0.22 μm PTFE) of working solutions is advisable for cell-based assays; confirm chemical compatibility of the membrane with the chosen solvent.
Always rely on the product-specific CoA/SDS for authoritative property values.
Designed for discovery screening, target validation, chemical biology, and mechanistic studies where bioactivity is the primary consideration.
Emphasis on identity confirmation and suitability for bioassays; exact purity assays, counter-ion content, or residual solvent limits are defined on the item’s CoA/Spec Sheet. If low-UV or trace-metal specifications are required (e.g., HPLC/LC–MS analytics), confirm prior to use.
Documentation and verification:
For SAR or quantitative pharmacology, request the latest CoA that includes structural confirmation (e.g., 1H NMR, LC–MS purity), and lot-specific purity basis (area% vs. weight%).
Stabilizers, salt form, water content, and polymorph: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Fit-for-purpose guidance:
For plate-based HTS and secondary assays, Moligand™ grade is generally appropriate. For regulated or trace-analytics applications, evaluate if additional purification or qualification is needed.
Note: No medical or clinical use. For laboratory research only.
Reaction and Applications
This compound is provided as a research ligand for biochemical/pharmacological studies rather than as a synthetic reagent. Accordingly, applications are primarily in target engagement and phenotypic assays.
Research applications (general/literature context):
Target validation and pathway studies: Reported in literature as a μ-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist/inverse agonist tool, enabling interrogation of GPCR signaling, receptor reserve, and β-arrestin vs G-protein bias. Use as a reference control in functional assays (e.g., cAMP, β-arrestin recruitment) and radioligand binding.
Chemogenomic screening: Inclusion as a pharmacology control in CNS receptor panels to benchmark assay performance and specificity.
In vitro ADME profiling: Determine solubility, stability (microsomal/hepatic), and permeability to support data interpretation in cellular systems.
Practical notes (non-spec):
Prepare DMSO stocks (e.g., 10 mM), store aliquots to minimize freeze–thaw. Confirm absence of colloidal aggregation (use detergent controls, DLS, or counter-screens).
Include vehicle controls matching final solvent content. For GPCR assays, pre-incubation times of 15–30 min are typical; perform concentration–response curves over 8–12 points.
No clinical or diagnostic use is intended or implied.
Reaction Conditions
This item is not positioned as a reagent for chemical synthesis, and no reaction condition data are provided in the product listing.
General guidance for handling in assays (non-synthetic context):
Stock solutions: Prepare in anhydrous DMSO (e.g., 10 mM), aliquot, and store protected from light and moisture. Verify stability by LC–MS after freeze–thaw cycles.
Assay incubation: 15–30 min pre-incubation is typical for GPCR functional assays; extend as needed based on kinetic profiles.
If chemical transformations are planned for analog generation, consult the primary literature for scaffold-specific chemistry. No item-specific synthetic reaction conditions are provided here.
Safety and Handling
Authoritative safety data for this item are not specified in the listing; consult the SDS.
Item-specific hazard information:
Signal Word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
H-Statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
GHS Classification/Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
General laboratory precautions (non-spec):
Handle in a fume hood with standard PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and disposable nitrile gloves. Avoid inhalation of dust/aerosols and skin/eye contact.
Prevent environmental release. Collect waste in appropriate organic waste containers according to institutional and local regulations.
In case of exposure: rinse skin/eyes with water for ≥15 minutes; move to fresh air if inhaled; seek medical attention. Provide SDS to responders.
Incompatibilities and stability (general):
Avoid strong oxidizers and strong acids/bases until specific compatibility is known. Protect solutions from light and moisture if the compound is aromatic/heteroaromatic or potentially photosensitive (general best practice for screening ligands).
Spill/accident response:
Small spills: dampen and collect with inert absorbent to minimize dust; dispose as hazardous waste.
Always defer to the item-specific SDS for definitive hazard classification and first-aid measures.
Solvent Selection
Item-specific solubility is not provided. The following guidance is general best practice for small-molecule ligands and should be verified experimentally for this item.
Primary stock solvent (typical, literature): Anhydrous DMSO (10–50 mM). Advantages: broad solubilizing power; miscible with aqueous buffers; compatible with most screening workflows.
Co-solvents (if needed): Ethanol (≤1–2% v/v in final assay), acetonitrile (≤1%), PEG400 (5–20% in vehicles), or HPCD/β-cyclodextrin complexes for aqueous delivery.
Buffer compatibility: Maintain final DMSO ≤0.5–1% v/v for sensitive cell lines/enzymes. Include 0.01–0.05% nonionic surfactant to reduce compound aggregation if HTS artifacts are suspected.
Material compatibility: Use amber vials for potentially photosensitive compounds; avoid adsorption loss by pre-wetting plasticware or using low-bind polypropylene.
Small comparison (general):
DMSO: maximal solubility, strongest extractive power; can perturb membranes at >1–2%.
Ethanol: greener, volatile, but lower solubilizing capacity.
PEG400: biocompatible vehicle, non-volatile; viscosity can complicate liquid handling.
Always confirm actual solubility and stability of GSK1521498 from the item CoA and pilot tests.
Storage and Reconstitution
Item-specific storage:
Storage Conditions: Room temperature (as provided in Product Data). Store in a tightly closed, clearly labeled container, protected from excessive heat, moisture, and light.
Shipped In: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance/Form: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General reconstitution guidance (non-spec; verify empirically):
Prepare a concentrated stock in anhydrous DMSO (commonly 10–50 mM). Vortex and, if needed, sonicate briefly to aid dissolution. Filter sterilize (0.22 μm PTFE) for cell-based work.
Aliquot stocks to avoid repeated freeze–thaw; store protected from light. Although room-temperature storage is indicated for the neat material, many users keep DMSO stocks at −20 °C for stability; confirm with your internal stability testing.
Upon dilution into aqueous buffers, add slowly with mixing to prevent precipitation. Keep final organic solvent content minimal (≤0.5–1% v/v for most cells/enzymes).
Always consult the latest CoA/SDS for lot-specific instructions and stability information.
Structure and Identity
Brief overview: This listing is for the small-molecule research ligand GSK1521498 supplied under Aladdin’s Moligand™ category for screening and mechanistic studies.
Product Name: GSK1521498 (research ligand)
SKU: G610690
CAS: G610690 (catalog placeholder; not a CAS RN)
CID: 24737629 (as provided)
InChIKey: 399082 (as provided; note that standard InChIKeys are 27 characters—please verify in the CoA/SDS)
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Structural description:
Item-specific structural features (ring systems, functional groups, stereochemistry): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Literature/general notes (context, not item specification):
GSK1521498 is reported in the literature as a potent, selective modulator of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), used as a chemical tool in receptor pharmacology and CNS target validation. Verify structural identifiers directly from primary references or authoritative databases before structure-based modeling or docking workflows.
Synthetic Utility
This product is offered as a bioactive ligand rather than as a general synthetic building block. Without structural details in the product data, specific transformation chemistry cannot be prescribed.
General considerations for tool compounds (non-spec):
As a well-characterized ligand (per literature), the molecule may serve as a benchmark control in structure–activity relationship (SAR) campaigns, aiding calibration of assay dynamic ranges and potency scaling for analog series.
If analog synthesis is undertaken, typical modifications include heteroaromatic substitutions, linker elaborations, and modulation of basic centers to tune receptor binding and CNS-relevant properties (logD, pKa, P-gp liability). These are route- and scaffold-dependent and require verified structure.
If preparative chemistry is necessary:
Obtain a verified structure and stereochemical assignment from primary literature before planning retrosynthesis or functional group interconversions.
Ensure access to orthogonal analytics (HPLC, HRMS, NMR) and purity verification consistent with bioassay requirements.
In summary, GSK1521498 in this catalog role is primarily a biological tool rather than a synthetic synthon.
Target Specificity
Only product-data-derived specificity can be listed here.
Target/antigen, epitope, species reactivity, clone/isotype: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Note: While literature sources discuss pharmacological profiling for GSK1521498, those details are not part of this product’s formal specification and are therefore not reproduced in this section.
Domande frequenti
What is Moligand??
Moligand? is one of Aladdin Scientific's premium product lines, formulated for high-purity applications across multiple workflows. Compared to standard grades in the same workflow, Moligand? products typically offer tighter specifications, more rigorous QC, and stronger lot-to-lot consistency.
How should this product be stored?
Store at room temperature.
What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?
The CAS Number is G610690. InChIKey WIEDUMBCZQRGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N.
What documentation is provided?
Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.
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Products are supplied to verified businesses, institutions, and qualified professionals for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.
