ICOS ligand, CAS No.rp174246

CAS: rp174246 Cat. No.: rp174246

GRADE & PURITY Moligand™

Specifications

Product Name

ICOS ligand, CAS No.rp174246

Sinonimi

B7 homolog 2 | B7-H2 | B7-related protein 1 | B7RP-1 | CD275 | ICOS-L

Grado

Moligand™

Specifiche e purezza

Moligand™

CAS

rp174246

Tipo di molecola

Peptidi

Product Line

Prodotti biologici

Stoccaggio e spedizione

Condizioni di conservazione di stoccaggio

Room temperature

Obiettivi associati (umani)

ICOSLG Tbio ICOS ligand (0 Activities)

Discover Target: ICOSLG

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

Informazioni genetiche

• Alternate Names: B7 homolog 2 | B7-H2 | B7-related protein 1 | B7RP-1 | CD275 | ICOS-L
• Reference:
  • 1. Kinetics and inhibition of recombinant human cystathionine gamma-lyase. Toward the rational control of transsulfuration., The Journal of biological chemistry, Steegborn, C C and 7 more authors.
  • 2. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Strausberg, Robert L RL and 83 more authors.
  • 3. Genomic basis of cystathioninuria (MIM 219500) revealed by multiple mutations in cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH)., Human genetics, Wang, Jian J and Hegele, Robert A RA.
  • 4. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of human liver cDNA encoding for cystathionine gamma-lyase., Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Lu, Y Y, O'Dowd, B F BF, Orrego, H H and Israel, Y Y.
  • 5. Single nucleotide polymorphism in CTH associated with variation in plasma homocysteine concentration., Clinical genetics, Wang, J J, Huff, A M AM, Spence, J D JD and Hegele, R A RA.
  • 6. Cystathionine gamma-lyase overexpression inhibits cell proliferation via a H2S-dependent modulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and p21Cip/WAK-1., The Journal of biological chemistry, Yang, Guangdong G, Cao, Kun K, Wu, Lingyun L and Wang, Rui R.
  • 7. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)., Genome research, Gerhard, Daniela S DS and 115 more authors.
  • 8. Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network., Nature, Rual, Jean-François JF and 37 more authors.
  • 9. The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1., Nature, Gregory, S G SG and 178 more authors.
  • 10. Polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism and trans-sulfuration pathway genes and susceptibility to bladder cancer., International journal of cancer, Moore, Lee E LE and 14 more authors. more
  • 11. Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome., Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, Barbe, Laurent L and 10 more authors.
  • 12. Kinetic properties of polymorphic variants and pathogenic mutants in human cystathionine gamma-lyase., Biochemistry, Zhu, Weidong W, Lin, Alexander A and Banerjee, Ruma R.
  • 13. Pathway-based evaluation of 380 candidate genes and lung cancer susceptibility suggests the importance of the cell cycle pathway., Carcinogenesis, Hosgood, H Dean HD and 12 more authors.
  • 14. Relationship between cystathionine gamma-lyase gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in Northern Chinese Han population., Chinese medical journal, Li, Yun Y and 8 more authors.
  • 15. Active cystathionine beta-synthase can be expressed in heme-free systems in the presence of metal-substituted porphyrins or a chemical chaperone., The Journal of biological chemistry, Majtan, Tomas T, Singh, Laishram R LR, Wang, Liqun L, Kruger, Warren D WD and Kraus, Jan P JP.
  • 16. MALDI-TOF MS genotyping of polymorphisms related to 1-carbon metabolism using common and mass-modified terminators., Clinical chemistry, Meyer, Klaus K, Fredriksen, Ase A and Ueland, Per Magne PM.
  • 17. Structural basis for the inhibition mechanism of human cystathionine gamma-lyase, an enzyme responsible for the production of H(2)S., The Journal of biological chemistry, Sun, Qingxiang Q and 10 more authors.
  • 18. Oral facial clefts and gene polymorphisms in metabolism of folate/one-carbon and vitamin A: a pathway-wide association study., Genetic epidemiology, Boyles, Abee L AL and 16 more authors.
  • 19. Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes., Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, Gonzales, Patricia A PA and 7 more authors.
  • 20. An association study of 45 folate-related genes in spina bifida: Involvement of cubilin (CUBN) and tRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase 1 (TRDMT1)., Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology, Franke, Barbara B and 7 more authors.
  • 21. Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes and lung cancer risk in Xuanwei, China., Environmental and molecular mutagenesis, Shen, Min M and 12 more authors.
  • 22. H2S biogenesis by human cystathionine gamma-lyase leads to the novel sulfur metabolites lanthionine and homolanthionine and is responsive to the grade of hyperhomocysteinemia., The Journal of biological chemistry, Chiku, Taurai T and 5 more authors.
  • 23. Variations in folate pathway genes are associated with unexplained female infertility., Fertility and sterility, Altmäe, Signe S and 7 more authors.
  • 24. Bile-acid-activated farnesoid X receptor regulates hydrogen sulfide production and hepatic microcirculation., World journal of gastroenterology, Renga, Barbara B, Mencarelli, Andrea A, Migliorati, Marco M, Distrutti, Eleonora E and Fiorucci, Stefano S.
  • 25. Cystathionine gamma-lyase: Clinical, metabolic, genetic, and structural studies., Molecular genetics and metabolism, Kraus, Jan P JP and 14 more authors.
  • 26. Relative contributions of cystathionine beta-synthase and gamma-cystathionase to H2S biogenesis via alternative trans-sulfuration reactions., The Journal of biological chemistry, Singh, Sangita S, Padovani, Dominique D, Leslie, Rachel A RA, Chiku, Taurai T and Banerjee, Ruma R.
  • 27. PTEN identified as important risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease., Respiratory medicine, Hosgood, H Dean HD, Menashe, Idan I, He, Xingzhou X, Chanock, Stephen S and Lan, Qing Q.
  • 28. Genetic susceptibility to distinct bladder cancer subphenotypes., European urology, Guey, Lin T LT and 18 more authors.
  • 29. Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip., American journal of human genetics, Talmud, Philippa J PJ and 38 more authors.
  • 30. Integrative predictive model of coronary artery calcification in atherosclerosis., Circulation, McGeachie, Michael M and 13 more authors.
  • 31. Cystathionine beta-synthase 844Ins68 polymorphism is not associated with the levels of homocysteine and cysteine in an Indian population., Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals, Kumar, Jitender J, Garg, Gaurav G, Karthikeyan, Ganesan G and Sengupta, Shantanu S.
  • 32. The expression and activity of cystathionine-γ-lyase and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in human neoplastic cell lines., Amino acids, Jurkowska, Halina H, Placha, Wojciech W, Nagahara, Noriuki N and Wróbel, Maria M.
  • 33. Ancient origin of the CTH alelle carrying the c.200C>T (p.T67I) variant in patients with cystathioninuria., Clinical genetics, Espinós, C C and 8 more authors.
  • 34. Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study., Diabetes care, Bailey, Swneke D SD and 11 more authors.
  • 35. Maternal genes and facial clefts in offspring: a comprehensive search for genetic associations in two population-based cleft studies from Scandinavia., PloS one, Jugessur, Astanand A and 12 more authors.
  • 36. [Expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in CVB3-induced myocarditis in mice]., Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, Hua, Wang W and 6 more authors.
  • 37. Folate-metabolizing gene variants and pregnancy outcome of IVF., Reproductive biomedicine online, Laanpere, M M and 5 more authors.
  • 38. Specificity protein-1 as a critical regulator of human cystathionine gamma-lyase in smooth muscle cells., The Journal of biological chemistry, Yang, Guangdong G, Pei, Yanxi Y, Teng, Huajian H, Cao, Qiuhui Q and Wang, Rui R.
  • 39. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium., Briefings in bioinformatics, Gaudet, Pascale P, Livstone, Michael S MS, Lewis, Suzanna E SE and Thomas, Paul D PD.
  • 40. Expression of cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase in human pregnant myometrium and their roles in the control of uterine contractility., PloS one, You, Xing-Ji XJ and 8 more authors.
  • 41. MicroRNA-21 represses human cystathionine gamma-lyase expression by targeting at specificity protein-1 in smooth muscle cells., Journal of cellular physiology, Yang, Guangdong G, Pei, Yanxi Y, Cao, Qiuhui Q and Wang, Rui R.
  • 42. H2S-Induced sulfhydration of the phosphatase PTP1B and its role in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response., Science signaling, Krishnan, Navasona N, Fu, Cexiong C, Pappin, Darryl J DJ and Tonks, Nicholas K NK.
  • 43. Characterization of hydrogen sulfide and its synthases, cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase, in human prostatic tissue and cells., Urology, Guo, Hui H and 5 more authors.
  • 44. Sp1 is involved in regulation of cystathionine γ-lyase gene expression and biological function by PI3K/Akt pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines., Cellular signalling, Yin, Peng P and 12 more authors.
  • 45. H₂S protects against pressure overload-induced heart failure via upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase., Circulation, Kondo, Kazuhisa K and 14 more authors.
  • 46. Reduced cystathionine γ-lyase and increased miR-21 expression are associated with increased vascular resistance in growth-restricted pregnancies: hydrogen sulfide as a placental vasodilator., The American journal of pathology, Cindrova-Davies, Tereza T and 5 more authors.
  • 47. Dysregulation of hydrogen sulfide producing enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase contributes to maternal hypertension and placental abnormalities in preeclampsia., Circulation, Wang, Keqing K and 14 more authors.
  • 48. Regulation of cystathionine γ-lyase in mammalian cells by hypoxia., Biochemical genetics, Wang, Maoxian M, Guo, Zhanyun Z and Wang, Shilong S.
  • 49. A genome-wide association study of chemotherapy-induced alopecia in breast cancer patients., Breast cancer research : BCR, Chung, Suyoun S and 6 more authors.
  • 50. [Cystathionine γ-lyase]., Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej (Online), Jurkowska, Halina H, Kaczor-Kamińska, Marta M, Bronowicka-Adamska, Patrycja P and Wróbel, Maria M.
  • 51. Decreased cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) activity in livers of type 1 diabetic rats and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of type 1 diabetic patients., The Journal of biological chemistry, Manna, Prasenjit P, Gungor, Neslihan N, McVie, Robert R and Jain, Sushil K SK.
  • 52. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)/cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) pathway contributes to the proliferation of hepatoma cells., Mutation research, Pan, Yan Y and 5 more authors.
  • 53. The cystathionine γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide system maintains cellular glutathione status., The Biochemical journal, Lee, Zheng-Wei ZW, Low, Yi-Lian YL, Huang, Shufen S, Wang, Tianxiao T and Deng, Lih-Wen LW.
  • 54. The binding site for the transcription factor, NF-κB, on the cystathionine γ-lyase promoter is critical for LPS-induced cystathionine γ-lyase expression., International journal of molecular medicine, Wang, Maoxian M, Guo, Zhanyun Z and Wang, Shilong S.
  • 55. Regulation of cystathionine gamma-lyase/H₂S system and its pathological implication., Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), Zhao, Kexin K, Li, Hongzhu H, Li, Shuangshuang S and Yang, Guangdong G.
  • 56. Dysregulation of hydrogen sulphide metabolism impairs oviductal transport of embryos., Nature communications, Ning, Nannan N and 5 more authors.
  • 57. Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces the transcription of cystathionine-γ-lyase, a stimulator of tumor in colon cancer., Cellular signalling, Fan, Kun K and 7 more authors.
  • 58. miRNA-30 family inhibition protects against cardiac ischemic injury by regulating cystathionine-γ-lyase expression., Antioxidants & redox signaling, Shen, Yaqi Y and 7 more authors.
  • 59. Role of the cystathionine γ lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in human melanoma progression., Pigment cell & melanoma research, Panza, Elisabetta E and 11 more authors.
  • 60. A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network., Cell, Rolland, Thomas T and 69 more authors.
  • 61. Neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease involves loss of cystathionine γ-lyase., Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), Paul, Bindu D BD and Snyder, Solomon H SH.
  • 62. The importance of MTHFR, MTR, MTRR and CSE expression levels in Caucasian women with preeclampsia., European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, Agnieszka A and 6 more authors.
  • 63. The importance of rs1021737 and rs482843 polymorphisms of cystathionine gamma-lyase in the etiology of preeclampsia in the Caucasian population., Ginekologia polska, Mrozikiewicz, Przemysław M PM and 8 more authors.
  • 64. Cystathionine γ-lyase, a H2S-generating enzyme, is a GPBAR1-regulated gene and contributes to vasodilation caused by secondary bile acids., American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, Renga, Barbara B and 9 more authors.
  • 65. Correlation between the cystathionine-γ-lyase (CES) and the severity of peptic ulcer disease., African health sciences, Chen, Xiong X, Wan, Ying-Chun YC, Guo, Tao T, Xu, Can-Xia CX and Wang, Fen F.
  • 66. MPST but not CSE is the primary regulator of hydrogen sulfide production and function in the coronary artery., American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, Kuo, Maggie M MM and 10 more authors.
  • 67. Transcriptional Regulation of Cystathionine-γ-Lyase in Endothelial Cells by NADPH Oxidase 4-Dependent Signaling., The Journal of biological chemistry, Mistry, Rajesh K RK and 8 more authors.
  • 68. LPS Up-Regulates Cystathionine γ -Lyase Gene Expression in Primary Human Macrophages via NF-κB/ERK Pathway., Inflammation & allergy drug targets, Badiei, Alireza A, Gieseg, Steven S, Davies, Sian S, Izani Othman, Mohd M and Bhatia, Madhav M.
  • 69. Radiation Exposure Promotes Hepatocarcinoma Cell Invasion through Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Mediated by H2S/CSE Pathway., Radiation research, Pan, Yan Y, Zhou, Cuiping C, Yuan, Dexiao D, Zhang, Jianghong J and Shao, Chunlin C.
  • 70. Cystathionine γ-lyase(CSE)/hydrogen sulfide system is regulated by miR-216a and influences cholesterol efflux in macrophages via the PI3K/AKT/ABCA1 pathway., Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Gong, Duo D and 15 more authors.
  • 71. MicroRNA-186 promotes macrophage lipid accumulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by targeting cystathionine γ-lyase in THP-1 macrophages., Atherosclerosis, Yao, Yan Y and 9 more authors.
  • 72. Cystathionine γ-lyase is expressed in human atherosclerotic plaque microvessels and is involved in micro-angiogenesis., Scientific reports, van den Born, J C JC and 5 more authors.
  • 73. Dichotomous effects of isomeric secondary amines containing an aromatic nitrile and nitro group on human aortic smooth muscle cells via inhibition of cystathionine-γ-lyase., Biochimie, Ji, Yajing Y and 6 more authors.
  • 74. Distinctive expression pattern of cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase identifies mesenchymal stromal cells transition to mineralizing osteoblasts., Journal of cellular physiology, Gambari, Laura L and 6 more authors.
  • 75. Age-Dependent Allergic Asthma Development and Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Deficiency., Antioxidants & redox signaling, Wang, Peipei P and 6 more authors.
  • 76. Augmented H2S production via cystathionine-beta-synthase upregulation plays a role in pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation., Biology of reproduction, Sheibani, Lili L and 7 more authors.
  • 77. Total sulfane sulfur bioavailability reflects ethnic and gender disparities in cardiovascular disease., Redox biology, Rajpal, Saurabh S and 12 more authors.
  • 78. Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides., Gene, Maruyama, K K and Sugano, S S.

Application Protocols

No item-specific, vendor-validated application protocols are provided for SKU rp174246.

General screening workflows (not item-specific):

• SPR/BLI binding: immobilize recombinant ICOS ectodomain; titrate ligand in running buffer (e.g., HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 0.005% Tween-20, 0.5–1% DMSO). Include DMSO calibration standards. Analyze with 1:1 or heterogeneous models as justified by residuals.
• Reporter assay: engineer cells expressing ICOS pathway components; treat with serial dilutions of the ligand (keep DMSO ≤0.1–0.5%). Normalize to vehicle and pathway-positive controls. Monitor luminescent/fluorescent readouts.
• MST/DLS aggregation control: confirm monodispersity at working concentrations; add mild detergent if needed.

These are illustrative, literature-based approaches to evaluating ligands against costimulatory pathways. For authoritative, product-specific instructions (e.g., solvent, assay concentration ranges, plate format), refer to the CoA/Spec Sheet or contact technical support.

Biological Roles

General background (biology; not item-specific):

• ICOS (Inducible T‑cell COStimulator; CD278) is a costimulatory receptor expressed on activated T cells. Its natural binding partner is ICOSL (B7‑H2/CD275) on antigen-presenting cells. ICOS signaling modulates T-cell activation, differentiation, and cytokine production.
• An “ICOS ligand” in a small-molecule context refers to a compound intended to bind to or modulate the ICOS pathway, potentially influencing receptor–ligand interactions or downstream signaling cascades in model systems. Such ligands are used to probe pathway biology in vitro.

Assay modalities (general guidance):

• Biophysical binding: measure association with recombinant ICOS ectodomains using SPR, BLI, or MST.
• Functional cell-based readouts: reporter gene assays (e.g., NF-κB/NFAT reporters), calcium flux, or cytokine secretion in engineered cell lines where ICOS signaling is engaged.
• Selectivity profiling: include related costimulatory receptors (CD28, CTLA-4, PD-1/PD-L1 axis components) to map specificity.

Important note:

• No item-specific affinity, selectivity, or mode-of-action data are provided here. All biological roles described are general literature context for the ICOS/ICOSL pathway. Use this product strictly for research use only as stated; no clinical/diagnostic applications are implied.

Buffer Applications

This product is a screening ligand rather than a buffering agent. There are no item-specific buffer capacities or pKa data provided.

General assay buffer guidance (not item-specific):

• Biochemical binding studies: HEPES (10–25 mM, pH 7.4–7.5) or PBS (1×, pH 7.2–7.6) with 150 mM NaCl is commonly employed; add 0.005–0.01% Tween-20 to minimize nonspecific binding and aggregation where appropriate.
• Metal sensitivity: If the compound chelates or if protein targets are metal-dependent, consider adding Mg2+/Ca2+ as required, or EDTA to suppress adventitious metal effects—validate against target biology.
• DMSO carryover: keep final DMSO ≤0.1–1% v/v to balance solubility with assay tolerance.

Since pKa and solubility are not specified for this item, determine optimal buffer composition empirically and confirm absence of precipitation or adsorption with small-scale pilot experiments.

Green Alternatives

Because this material is intended for screening/assay use rather than as a bulk solvent or reagent, “green alternatives” primarily concern the choice of dissolution and work-up media (general guidance):

• Prefer water-buffered systems with minimal organic cosolvent where assay design allows.
• If organic cosolvent is necessary, compare DMSO with bio-derived solvents like Cyrene or with lower-toxicity alcohols (ethanol) while validating assay compatibility.

General comparison (literature):

• DMSO: very effective solubilizer; low volatility; environmental persistence is moderate; assay-compatible at low percentages.
• Ethanol: renewable and readily biodegradable; narrower solubility range; increased volatility and flammability.
• 2-MeTHF/Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME): greener ether choices for synthetic steps, but seldom suitable for aqueous bioassays.
• Cyrene (dihydrolevoglucosenone): bio-based polar aprotic; emerging use in synthesis/processing; limited adoption in biochemical screening—pilot validation required.

Practical steps to reduce footprint:

• Use concentrated DMSO stocks to minimize total solvent volumes in assays.
• Recover and segregate solvent waste for appropriate recycling/disposal.
• Employ microplate formats and miniaturized assay volumes to reduce both compound and solvent consumption.

Note: These are general sustainability considerations; item-specific environmental attributes are not specified.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No pharmacopeial status, excipient role, or formulation guidance is provided for this specific item. This product is designated for research use only and is supplied as part of a screening ligand category (Moligand™).

General notes (non-clinical, not item-specific):

• Small-molecule ligands used in discovery research may later inform medicinal chemistry programs; however, such compounds are not manufactured or qualified to GMP standards unless explicitly stated.
• If formulation-like studies are conducted in vitro (e.g., stability in simulated fluids), they remain research activities; do not infer suitability for human or veterinary use.

For any consideration beyond basic research (e.g., preclinical development), request comprehensive specifications (impurity profile, residual solvents, stability, polymorph/salt form) and ensure sourcing under appropriate quality systems. None of these attributes are specified for SKU rp174246.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physical data

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point (MP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Boiling point (BP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• LogP, pKa, refractive index, UV cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General guidance for small-molecule library ligands (literature/general)

• Stock solutions for diverse screening ligands are commonly prepared at 10–50 mM in anhydrous DMSO due to broad solubilizing power and compatibility with biochemical assays.
• If aqueous work is required, co-solvent systems (e.g., DMSO 0.1–1% v/v in assay buffer) are frequently employed. Surfactants (0.01% Tween-20) can reduce compound aggregation in biophysical assays.
• For unknown acids/bases, anticipate pH-dependent solubility; minimal volumes of base (for acids) or acid (for bases) can assist dissolution before dilution into buffered media, subject to target assay tolerance.

Note: The above are general/literature practices. Use the CoA/Spec Sheet for the definitive physical constants and experimentally validated solubility of this specific item.

Quality and Grades

Grade/Purity (item-specific)

• Grade: Moligand™ (Aladdin screening ligand category)
• Purity details: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

What Moligand™ signifies (catalog context, general explanation)

• Moligand™ designates compounds curated for use as ligands/modulators in biochemical or cellular screening. While the exact acceptance criteria for this item are not listed here, such materials are typically intended for discovery research workflows (hit finding, profiling, or mechanistic probing), not for clinical use.

Analytical controls (general/literature expectations for screening compounds)

• Identity typically supported by NMR and MS; purity often assessed by HPLC/UPLC with UV or MS detection. UV background and counter-ion content may influence assay readouts; verify on the CoA before sensitive optical assays.

Implications for use

• If performing quantitative biophysics (ITC, SPR, MST), request or verify salt form, water content, and residual solvent data to ensure accurate molarity.
• For cell-based assays, endotoxin specifications are not typically defined for small molecules; if required, perform in-house testing.

For item-specific specifications (purity %, residual solvents, stabilizers, salt form), consult the CoA/Spec Sheet for SKU rp174246.

Reaction and Applications

This product is offered as an ICOS-targeting ligand for research and screening, not as a synthetic reagent. Consequently, it is not typically used to promote or mediate chemical transformations.

For users developing bioassays or phenotypic screens (general guidance):

• Use in binding/functional assays: evaluate effects on ICOS-associated signaling using biochemical readouts (e.g., reporter assays, protein–protein interaction surrogates) or biophysical binding platforms (SPR, BLI, MST), subject to assay development best practices.
• Counter-screening: include off-target panels (e.g., unrelated costimulatory receptors) to deconvolute specificity profiles.
• Aggregation/artifact controls: add mild detergent (e.g., 0.01% Tween-20) or use dynamic light scattering to detect colloidal aggregation; incorporate redox and fluorescence interference controls when applicable.

If your objective is synthetic derivatization or SAR expansion, obtain the structure and any available analog series from the CoA/Spec Sheet or related catalog entries; standard medicinal chemistry workflows (substituent scans, heteroatom substitutions, solubilizing motifs) can then be planned. Without the disclosed structure, specific reaction guidance is not applicable.

Reaction Conditions

Not applicable in the conventional synthetic sense: this product is supplied as an ICOS-targeting ligand for screening, not as a reagent to mediate chemical reactions.

For assay “reaction” setup (general, not item-specific):

• Stock preparation: dissolve in anhydrous DMSO to 10–50 mM. Filter through 0.2 µm PTFE if particulates are visible.
• Working concentrations: typically nM–tens of µM for binding/functional assays; establish ranges via serial dilution and confirm absence of aggregation (use DLS or detergent controls).
• Temperature: ambient (20–25°C) is common for biophysical assays; maintain 4–8°C for protein stability during setup where needed.
• Incubation times: 5–60 min equilibration for many ligand–protein interactions; determine empirically via time-course.
• Controls: include vehicle (DMSO) controls matched to the highest solvent percentage; include orthogonal assay formats to rule out assay interference.

These parameters are general literature practices and must be optimized for your specific target and assay platform. No item-specific kinetic or equilibrium data are provided.

Safety and Handling

GHS/SDS information (item-specific)

• Signal word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Hazard statements (H-phrases): Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• GHS classification and pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.

General laboratory precautions (good practice, not item-specific)

• Handle in a fume hood or well-ventilated area; avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin/eye contact.
• Recommended PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and appropriate chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile). Change gloves frequently when handling DMSO solutions due to enhanced dermal penetration potential (general guidance).
• Avoid mixing with strong oxidizers, strong acids/bases, or reactive metals until compatibility is known. For unknown powders, minimize dust generation.
• In case of exposure: rinse affected skin/eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention as needed. If inhaled, move to fresh air; if swallowed, rinse mouth. Always consult the product SDS for authoritative first-aid guidance.

Waste & environmental

• Collect all residues and solutions as organic chemical waste; do not discharge to drains. Decontaminate surfaces with appropriate solvent, then detergent/water.

Refer to the product SDS and institutional EHS policies for definitive safety information for this specific item.

Solvent Selection

Item-specific solubility

• Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General solvent strategy for small-molecule ICOS ligands (literature/general)

• Primary stock solvent: anhydrous DMSO (broadly compatible with biochemical and cell assays). Typical stocks: 10–50 mM.
• Secondary options (if DMSO-limited assays): DMF or ethanol for initial dissolution, then dilute into aqueous buffer with ≤0.1–1% organic cosolvent as assay permits.
• Aqueous work: adjust pH for ionizable compounds (mild base for acids; mild acid for bases). Use buffering (e.g., HEPES, PBS) to maintain assay pH upon dilution.

Comparison (general)

• DMSO: highest success rate for diverse chemotypes; may affect membrane integrity at >0.5–1% v/v in cells.
• Ethanol: better volatility, but narrower solubilization range; watch for cell stress >0.5% v/v.
• PEG-400: enhances solubility for hydrophobes; may interfere with biophysical optics.

Start with a small solubility screen (DMSO vs ethanol; pH adjustments) using analytical HPLC to confirm absence of precipitation upon dilution to working concentrations.

Storage and Reconstitution

Item-specific information

• Storage conditions: Room temperature (per product data).
• Shipped in: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General reconstitution guidance (not item-specific)

• If supplied as a solid: allow to equilibrate to room temperature in a desiccator before opening. Prepare a concentrated stock in anhydrous DMSO (e.g., 10–50 mM). Vortex and, if needed, brief sonication. Filter through 0.2 µm PTFE if particulates persist.
• If supplied as a solution: verify concentration and solvent system on the CoA; mix thoroughly before aliquoting.
• Aliquoting: dispense single-use aliquots to minimize freeze–thaw of DMSO stocks. Store tightly sealed to limit moisture ingress and solvent evaporation.
• Light/moisture: in absence of item-specific data, protect from excessive light and humidity as a precaution.

Stability and re-test/expiry information are not specified for this item; consult the CoA/Spec Sheet for recommended shelf life and any special handling notes. Use strictly for research purposes as indicated.

Structure and Identity

Item-specific identifiers

• SKU: rp174246
• Product Name: ICOS ligand (Moligand™)
• CAS: rp174246 (catalog placeholder)
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Identity & composition notes

• The specific chemical structure for this ICOS ligand is not provided in the product data. As such, functional groups, ring systems, stereochemistry, and exact 2D/3D features cannot be asserted for this catalog entry.
• For structural confirmation, typical analytical methods include 1H/13C NMR, HRMS, and, where applicable, HPLC/UPLC purity profiles and LC–MS single-peak assessment (literature/general guidance).

What “ICOS ligand” implies (general knowledge)

• “ICOS” refers to Inducible T‑cell COStimulator (CD278), a B7-family costimulatory pathway receptor. An “ICOS ligand” in a small-molecule library context generally denotes a compound intended for screening as an agonist/antagonist/modulator of ICOS-associated signaling (general information).
• Without an explicit structure, do not assume peptide/protein versus small-molecule modality. This catalog entry is placed under “small molecules and compound libraries,” suggesting a small-molecule screening ligand; verify on the CoA/Spec Sheet for exact identity and salt/form.

Synthetic Utility

This catalog entry is intended as a target-directed ligand for biological assays and is not positioned as a synthetic building block. Without a disclosed structure, functional-group-based reactivity and derivatization tactics cannot be asserted for this item.

General considerations (if structure becomes available):

• For SAR campaigns, standard medicinal chemistry modifications include heteroatom scans, ring contractions/expansions, bioisosteric replacements (e.g., amide↔oxadiazole), and solubilizing tail additions. Protecting-group strategies and late-stage diversification (C–H activation, photoredox Minisci) can accelerate library growth (literature/general).
• Purification workflows typically rely on reversed-phase or normal-phase chromatography; orthogonal confirmation by LC–MS and NMR is recommended.

Until structural details are provided via the CoA/Spec Sheet, treat this product solely as a screening material and do not plan synthetic transformations or scale-up chemistry based on assumptions.

Target Specificity

Item-specific target details are not provided in the product data for SKU rp174246.

Available data:

• Target/antigen name: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Species reactivity/ortholog profile: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Mode of action (agonist/antagonist/allosteric): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Affinity/kinetics: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General context (literature):

• ICOS (CD278) interacts with ICOSL (CD275). Small-molecule ligands may act as orthosteric, allosteric, or PPI modulators, but the behavior of this specific item is unknown.

Please consult the CoA/Spec Sheet or contact technical support for any validated target-binding data, selectivity panels, or assay-verified potencies for this product.

Domande frequenti

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is rp174246.