Protein protectant

Cat. No.: P615722

Storage

Store at 2-8°C

Shipped In

Wet ice

Panoramica

Aladdin  蛋白保护剂系列产品为复配的液体蛋白保护剂，专门优化用于添加到自行配制的抗原或抗体标准品、校准品或质控品稀释液中，也可以用于结合物稀释液的配制。
本产品专门为客户自配稀释液应用而开发，系列蛋白保护剂作为添加剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子工作液的储存稳定性与热稳定性，延长试剂盒的货架期。
蛋白保护剂系列具有强大的稳定效果，测试数据见下图。

Aladdin  蛋白保护剂系列不同添加浓度测试实验：以TBST-0.2%BSA为对照1，以Stabilizer buffer中间体为对照2，通过在Stabilizer buffer中添加不同浓度的PS作为候选考察的稳定稀释液，稀释新冠病毒N蛋白单抗至5ng/mL于37℃下热加速30天，以37℃加速样品检测结果的OD值除以2-8℃样品检测结果的OD值为相对活性（Relative activity）。

 

货号	中文名	规格	说明
P615722-01-10ml	蛋白保护剂	01	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-01-50ml	蛋白保护剂	01	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-03-10ml	蛋白保护剂	03	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-03-50ml	蛋白保护剂	03	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-05-10ml	蛋白保护剂	05	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-05-50ml	蛋白保护剂	05	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-06-10ml	蛋白保护剂	06	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-06-50ml	蛋白保护剂	06	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ），一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-07-10ml	蛋白保护剂	07	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-07-50ml	蛋白保护剂	07	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-09-10ml	蛋白保护剂	09	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-09-50ml	蛋白保护剂	09	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-10-10ml	蛋白保护剂	10	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-10-50ml	蛋白保护剂	10	复配的液体蛋白保护剂，可显著提高蛋白等活性分子的储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） ，一般1L稀释液中添加1mL即可。
P615722-21-10ml	蛋白保护剂	21	复配液体，专门开发用于保护小分子激素类抗原，提高储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） 。
P615722-21-50ml	蛋白保护剂	21	复配液体，专门开发用于保护小分子激素类抗原，提高储存稳定性与热稳定性。 建议使用浓度为 0.2~2%（V/V） 。

Specifications

Condizioni di conservazione di stoccaggio

Store at 2-8°C

Spedito in

Wet ice

Questo prodotto richiede spedizione a catena fredda. I servizi di terra e altri servizi economici non sono disponibili.

Application Protocols

• Tested applications, recommended dilutions, positive controls: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• General note: Because protein protectant performance is protein- and process-dependent, users should conduct small-scale screen matrices (varying protectant identity and concentration) to identify optimal conditions before scale-up.

Biological Roles

• Scope: The product itself is a stabilizing reagent. Biological roles below describe mechanisms by which common protectant components influence protein stability (literature/general; not item-specific).
• Mechanistic themes:
  • Preferential exclusion: Osmolytes (e.g., trehalose, sucrose) are excluded from the protein surface, favoring compact native conformations and reducing unfolding propensity.
  • Water replacement/glass formation: During drying or freezing, disaccharides form extensive hydrogen-bond networks that substitute for water and create a protective glassy matrix.
  • Hofmeister effects: Certain ions and osmolytes modulate solvent structure; kosmotropes stabilize folded states, whereas chaotropes do the opposite.
  • Interfacial protection: Nonionic surfactants and some polymers reduce adsorption/denaturation at air–liquid and solid–liquid interfaces.
  • Aggregation suppression: Arginine and related additives can mitigate non-specific protein–protein interactions by modulating weak attractive forces.
• Functional outcomes (observed broadly in literature):
  • Improved retention of enzymatic activity after freeze–thaw.
  • Reduced visible/subvisible particles during purification and storage.
  • Increased resistance to agitation and thermal stress within validated ranges.
• Note: Actual biological activity of your target protein can be enhanced or inhibited by protectants depending on concentration and assay conditions. Empirical optimization is required for each protein system.

Buffer Applications

• Applicability: Highly relevant. Protein protectants are commonly combined with buffers to formulate storage, shipping, assay, and lyophilization solutions.
• General formulation guidance (literature; not item-specific):
  • Choose buffer species near the protein’s pKa-driven stability range (commonly pH 6.0–8.0 for many enzymes, but verify case-by-case). Popular systems include HEPES, phosphate, and Tris.
  • Typical protectant screening ranges: sugars (trehalose/sucrose 50–300 mM), polyols (glycerol 5–50% v/v), amino acids (arginine 50–500 mM), polymers (PEG 0.1–5% w/v). Adjust ionic strength (e.g., 50–200 mM NaCl) to balance solubility vs. activity.
  • For lyophilization: Include a disaccharide glass former; consider histidine or citrate buffers for low ionic strength and pH stability during freezing. Target low residual moisture post-cycle.
  • For enzyme storage at −20 to −80 °C: 10–50% v/v glycerol is widely used to enable freezer-stable, partially unfrozen solutions (literature/general). Validate activity at working temperature.
  • For chromatography: Use low-UV buffers (HEPES) if in-line UV detection is critical; minimize components that absorb strongly at 214/280 nm when quantifying protein.
• Practical steps:
  • Prepare buffer at final pH/ionic strength, then dissolve/add protectant components to avoid pH drifts. Filter-sterilize (0.22 µm) if sterility required.
  • Record lot numbers and final osmolality/conductivity for batch traceability.

Green Alternatives

• Environmental profile (general): Protein protectants are often water-based and use low-toxicity, biodegradable components (sugars, polyols, amino acids), aligning with green chemistry principles compared to organic solvent stabilizers.
• Alternative choices within the class (literature/general):
  • Bio-based protectants (trehalose, sucrose, sorbitol, glycerol) vs. petroleum-derived polymers (certain PEG grades). Tradeoffs include viscosity, glass transition behavior, and removal post-use.
  • Zwitterionic buffers (HEPES, MOPS) with low aquatic toxicity may replace phosphate in some workflows to reduce eutrophication concerns, depending on effluent controls.
• Comparison (general; not item-specific):
  • Option: Sugar/polyol systems — Pros: renewable, low hazard, good lyoprotection; Cons: potential microbial growth in aqueous stock, possible assay interference at high concentration.
  • Option: PEG/poloxamers — Pros: robust interfacial protection, low volatility; Cons: petroleum origin (often), potential MS interference, harder to remove completely.
  • Option: Amino-acid osmolytes — Pros: biodegradable, effective anti-aggregation; Cons: may affect protein–ligand interactions at high molarity.
• Practical green tips:
  • Use minimal effective concentrations and right-size batch volumes to limit waste.
  • Prefer sterile filtration over single-use sterile disposables when feasible.
  • Segregate aqueous, nonhazardous waste from hazardous streams to enable lower-impact disposal.

Pharmaceutical Uses

• Important limitation: For research use only; not for human or veterinary diagnostic or therapeutic applications (per Product Data).
• Research/manufacturing context (literature/general; not item-specific):
  • Protein protectants are widely studied as excipient systems in preformulation screening to identify stabilizing conditions for biotherapeutic candidates (monoclonal antibodies, enzymes, vaccines) during stress testing (agitation, light, thermal, freeze–thaw).
  • Typical excipient classes evaluated include sugars (trehalose, sucrose), polyols (glycerol, sorbitol), amino acids (arginine, histidine), polymers (PEG, polysorbates), and buffering salts.
  • Data collected in such studies (e.g., DSF/Tm, SEC-HPLC aggregate levels, DLS particle size) inform subsequent process development. This product, as a research reagent, can be part of such exploratory work but is not qualified for clinical manufacturing unless specified by CoA/specification.
• Formulation roles (general): cryo-/lyoprotectant, aggregation suppressor, interfacial stabilizer, and tonicity modifier.
• Compatibility notes:
  • Ensure absence of components that conflict with your analytical methods (e.g., amines with NHS coupling, detergents with MS or bioassays).
  • Verify bioburden/endotoxin and particulate specifications with the supplier if using in GMP-adjacent research environments.

Physical Properties

• Appearance, state, concentration, pH, osmolality, viscosity, refractive index, density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Storage: Store at 2–8 °C (item-specific, per Product Data). Shipped on wet ice.
• General/literature context (not item-specific):
  • Many protein protectants are provided either as an aqueous solution (commonly near neutral pH) or as a dry/lyophilized blend intended to be reconstituted in water or buffer.
  • Typical solution behavior: high water miscibility; osmotically active; often low volatility; may modestly increase viscosity depending on component (e.g., 50% v/v glycerol solutions are noticeably viscous; literature/general).
  • Solubility: common components (trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, arginine) are highly water-soluble; some polymers (e.g., PEG) are fully miscible in water at room temperature (literature/general).
  • Thermal properties: these excipients do not define a single boiling/melting point for the formulation; individual components exhibit high boiling points or decompose on heating (literature/general). Avoid overheating to prevent caramelization/maillard reactions (sugars + amines) or polymer degradation.
  • pH behavior: buffering capacity, if present, arises from the buffer salts included; many protectants are unbuffered and must be combined with a dedicated buffer system (literature/general).
• Peroxide content, metal limits, water content, UV cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Quality and Grades

• Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• How to interpret grade for this class of product (general guidance):
  • For protein stabilization workflows, users often require specifications such as low bioburden/endotoxin, nuclease/protease-free status, and defined heavy metal limits. Chromatography compatibility (low UV background, minimal fluorescence) may also be important for analytical workflows (literature/general).
  • If the product is a solution, clarity, pH, conductivity, and particulate counts are common QC parameters. For dry blends, moisture content and homogeneity are typical controls (literature/general).
  • Preservatives: Some protectants include low-level biocides (e.g., sodium azide, ProClin). This item does not specify any preservative; verify by CoA/SDS before applying to azide-sensitive systems (e.g., heme enzymes or copper plumbing in flow systems).
• Batch documentation:
  • Request the lot-specific Certificate of Analysis for compositional details, release tests, and storage conditions. Ensure alignment with your application (e.g., mass spec compatibility, absence of primary amines for NHS coupling workflows when needed).
• Practical tip (general): Pre-screen the protectant system with your target protein across temperature and stress conditions (freeze–thaw cycles, agitation) to qualify fitness for purpose.

Reaction and Applications

• Primary use domain: protein science workflows rather than classical organic reactions.
• Representative applications (literature/general; not item-specific):
  • Enzyme storage: Inclusion of polyols (e.g., glycerol) or sugars (e.g., trehalose) to preserve catalytic activity across freeze–thaw cycles and extended refrigeration.
  • Purification stabilization: Addition during affinity/ion-exchange/SEC to mitigate aggregation at low concentrations and at air–liquid interfaces; small amounts of nonionic surfactant sometimes help, subject to compatibility.
  • Refolding aids: Certain osmolytes (e.g., arginine) reduce off-pathway aggregation and can improve yields in dilution refolds.
  • Lyophilization: Disaccharides act as glass formers to protect the native state during drying; they substitute for water in the hydration shell and increase Tg’ of the cake (literature/general).
  • Shipping/handling stress: Protectants buffer against agitation, foaming, and temperature excursions within validated ranges.
• Practical tips (general):
  • Optimize concentration empirically for each protein. Typical screening ranges (literature): trehalose/sucrose 50–300 mM; glycerol 5–50% v/v; arginine 50–500 mM; PEG 0.1–5% w/v.
  • Add protectants after buffer exchange and pH adjustment to avoid unexpected pH shifts or ionic strength spikes.
  • Minimize mechanical stress (vortexing, foaming); mix by gentle inversion or rocking.
  • For analytical assays (MS, UV, activity), verify that protectant components do not interfere; consider removable protectants (e.g., via SEC or dialysis) prior to measurement.

Reaction Conditions

• No item-specific reaction parameters are provided for this product. The following are general preparation/usage conditions for protein protectant formulations (literature/general guidance):
• Preparation of an aqueous protectant solution:
  • Dissolve the required amount of protectant components in pre-made buffer at the target pH/ionic strength. Mix gently to avoid foaming. Adjust pH if necessary after dissolution.
  • Filter-sterilize through a 0.22 µm membrane if sterility is needed. Avoid heat sterilization unless composition is validated as heat-stable.
• Incorporation into protein samples:
  • Add protectant slowly to the protein solution with gentle mixing on ice or at 2–8 °C to minimize local concentration spikes.
  • Typical equilibration: 15–60 minutes at 2–8 °C before freezing, lyophilization, or analytical measurement (time depends on viscosity and component diffusion; literature/general).
• Freeze–thaw and storage:
  • For cryoprotection, aliquot to minimize freeze–thaw cycles. Use controlled-rate freezing when possible. Validate retention of activity after 1–3 cycles as part of method development.
• Removal prior to analysis:
  • If protectants interfere with assays (e.g., MS, SDS-PAGE staining background, enzyme kinetics), remove by dialysis or buffer exchange.
• Expected outcomes:
  • Improved stability metrics (reduced aggregation/fragmentation) vs. unprotected controls under stress conditions, contingent on protein-specific optimization.

Safety and Handling

• GHS classification, signal word, pictograms, H-statements: Not specified for this item; consult the SDS for authoritative hazard information.
• General safety (appropriate for lab excipients; literature/general):
  • Use standard laboratory PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and appropriate gloves (e.g., nitrile). Avoid inhalation of powders/aerosols and contact with eyes/skin.
  • Work on a clean bench to minimize bioburden; use sterile techniques if the application is biopharma or cell-culture adjacent. Do not pipette by mouth.
  • Avoid microbial contamination of aqueous solutions; many carbohydrate-rich solutions are good growth media. Filter-sterilize (0.22 µm) where sterility is required.
  • Thermal handling: Do not autoclave unless the composition is confirmed heat-stable; many sugars/polyols can degrade or caramelize. If sterility is required, sterile-filter instead.
  • Chemical incompatibilities (general): Strong oxidizers; reactive carbonyl/amine systems under heat (Maillard chemistry); avoid mixing with high concentrations of chaotropes or organic solvents that may defeat the protectant’s purpose unless validated.
• First aid (overview; defer to SDS):
  • Eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Skin: Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing.
  • Ingestion/inhalation: Rinse mouth; move to fresh air; seek medical advice if unwell.
• Waste: Dispose of according to institutional and local regulations. Components are typically water soluble; avoid drain disposal if solutions are contaminated with biologicals or hazardous additives.

Solvent Selection

• Applicability: This product is a protein protectant, not a bulk solvent. Solvent selection focuses on the aqueous buffer system into which the protectant is introduced.
• Polarity/miscibility (general):
  • Components are typically highly hydrophilic and fully miscible with water and common biological buffers (PBS, HEPES, Tris; literature/general).
  • Co-solvents such as glycerol can act both as a protectant and viscosity modifier; modest percentages (e.g., 10–50% v/v glycerol, literature) are often used for enzyme storage. Always verify compatibility with downstream assays.
• Buffer compatibility (general guidance):
  • Choose buffer species with minimal reactivity toward your protein and protectant components. Tris (primary amine) can interfere with NHS-ester labeling; phosphate buffers can precipitate with high Mg2+/Ca2+. HEPES is a low-UV, zwitterionic alternative (literature/general).
  • Ionic strength affects aggregation/solubility per the Hofmeister series; pair protectants with moderate salt to balance stability vs. activity.
• When to choose vs. alternatives:
  • Carbohydrate/polyol-rich systems are preferred for freeze–thaw and lyophilization resilience.
  • Arginine or other amino-acid osmolytes are favored when suppressing non-specific aggregation during refolding or purification (literature/general).
• Practical notes:
  • Filter-sterilize the final formulation (0.22 µm) if sterility is required.
  • Degas gently if using in chromatography workflows to minimize bubble-induced denaturation at interfaces.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage (item-specific): Store at 2–8 °C. Shipped on wet ice.
• Stability/expiry: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Reconstitution: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. If supplied as a dry blend, a common practice (general guidance) is to reconstitute with sterile, nuclease-free water or buffer to the desired working concentration, followed by 0.22 µm filtration if sterility is required.
• Handling tips (general):
  • Bring to 2–8 °C before opening to minimize condensation and microbial ingress. Work aseptically to preserve low bioburden.
  • Avoid repeated freeze–thaw of the stock unless validated; prepare aliquots for single-use where possible.
  • Record preparation date, lot number, and any dilutions on the container for traceability.
• Compatibility: Container/material compatibility and preservative content (if any) are not specified; consult SDS/CoA before long-term storage or when using in sensitive assays.

Structure and Identity

• Item-specific identifiers (CAS, SMILES, InChIKey, empirical formula, exact composition): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Product type: Protein protectant (formulation/additive intended to stabilize proteins and enzymes during purification, storage, freezing/thawing, lyophilization, and transport).
• Structural features (general knowledge): Protein protectants are typically multi-component systems comprising one or more of the following classes:
  • Sugars and polyols (e.g., trehalose, sucrose, sorbitol, glycerol) that replace water and form hydrogen-bonding networks around proteins.
  • Amino acids/osmolytes (e.g., arginine, proline, glycine, betaine) that modulate solvent activity and suppress aggregation (literature/general).
  • Polymers/excipients (e.g., PEGs, dextran), and sometimes low-level nonionic surfactants to prevent interfacial denaturation (literature/general).
  • Buffers and salts to set pH/ionic strength appropriate for the target protein (literature/general).
• Stereochemistry/functional groups (general): Components often contain multiple hydroxyl groups (polyhydroxy), zwitterionic or guanidinium moieties (for certain amino acids), and ether backbones (for some polymers). No item-specific structural assignments are available.
• 2D description in words (general): A formulation consisting of small hydrophilic molecules and/or water-soluble polymers that present arrays of hydrogen-bond donors/acceptors and kosmotropic functionalities that favor the native protein hydration shell.
• Note: In absence of item-specific identifiers, treat this product as a formulated reagent; consult the SDS/CoA for exact composition if required for regulated workflows.

Synthetic Utility

• Applicability to organic synthesis: Limited. Protein protectants are not classical synthetic building blocks or reagents.
• Relevant utility in biochemical/bioconjugation workflows (literature/general):
  • As formulation additives, protectants can preserve protein integrity during chemical modification (e.g., PEGylation, NHS-ester labeling, click chemistry), provided components do not directly compete or quench reactive handles.
  • Avoid primary amine–containing buffers (e.g., Tris) for NHS-ester labeling; select HEPES or phosphate instead. Avoid high glycerol or sugar concentrations if they impede solvent-accessible sites or complicate purification/analysis.
  • During enzymatic ligations (sortase, transglutaminase), excess osmolyte may affect kinetics via viscosity or water activity; titrate concentrations accordingly.
• Downstream removal strategies (general): Dialysis, buffer exchange (spin columns), or SEC can remove protectant components prior to analytical characterization or further reaction steps.
• Bottom line: Consider this product a stabilization aid that enables cleaner, more reliable bioconjugation and handling rather than a reagent that participates directly in bond-forming chemistry.

Target Specificity

• Not an antibody or affinity reagent. No target specificity, clone, isotype, or species reactivity applies to this product.
• Item-specific immunochemical parameters: Not applicable.

Domande frequenti

How should this product be stored?

Store at 2–8 °C. Refrigerated storage is required to maintain the specified shelf life.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships chilled on wet ice. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above.

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.