SOC Medium - BioReagent

Cat. No.: S1528411

QUALITÀ & PUREZZA BioReagent

Storage

Room temperature

Shipped In

Normal

Panoramica

For the cultivation of genetically engineered Escherichia coli

Specifiche

Specifiche e purezza

BioReagent

Condizioni di conservazione di stoccaggio

Room temperature

Spedito in

Normal

Grado

BioReagent

Product Line

Prodotti biologici

Application Protocols

General protocol for transformation recovery in SOC (literature, non-item-specific):

• Heat‑shock transformation:

  1. Thaw chemically competent E. coli on ice. Add DNA, incubate on ice 20–30 min.
  2. Heat shock (e.g., 42 °C for 30–45 s), then place on ice for 2 min.
  3. Add 4–10 volumes of pre‑warmed (37 °C) SOC to each tube.
  4. Recover with shaking at 37 °C, 200–250 rpm for 30–60 min (ampicillin) or up to 2 h (kanamycin/chloramphenicol).
  5. Plate appropriate dilutions on selective agar or add antibiotic to liquid culture as needed.

• Electroporation:

  1. Mix DNA with electrocompetent cells in ice-cold cuvette; pulse under vendor-recommended settings.
  2. Immediately add 1 mL pre‑warmed SOC to the cuvette, gently resuspend.
  3. Transfer to a tube and recover with shaking at 37 °C for 1 h (typical), then plate/select.

• Notes (best practices):

  • Always include a transformation control (supercoiled control plasmid) to benchmark efficiency.
  • If plating on ampicillin, minimize delay after recovery due to β‑lactam hydrolysis.
  • For blue/white screening, allow sufficient outgrowth for α‑complementation but avoid overgrowth that can reduce blue/white contrast.

Item-specific instructions (reconstitution, sterility, antibiotic compatibility): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Biological Roles

SOC functions as a nutrient-rich environment to support rapid recovery and short-term proliferation of Escherichia coli following transformation (literature). Component roles (typical, literature):

• Tryptone (enzymatic casein digest): Supplies peptides and amino acids for immediate protein synthesis without de novo biosynthesis burden.
• Yeast extract: Provides B‑vitamins, nucleotides, trace elements, and growth factors, accelerating macromolecular synthesis.
• Salts (NaCl, KCl): Maintain ionic strength and osmotic balance; K+ is important for ribosomal function.
• Magnesium salts (MgCl2/MgSO4): Stabilize membranes/ribosomes, aid repair after transformation stress, and improve transformation outgrowth.
• Glucose (dextrose): Readily metabolized carbon/energy source supporting ATP generation; during brief recovery it enhances biomass and expression of selection markers. Note: glucose can impose catabolite repression; for short outgrowth this is typically inconsequential and may even suppress basal expression from certain promoters, reducing metabolic burden.

Performance rationale (literature):

• Enrichment plus Mg2+ and glucose reduces lag time post‑transformation, yielding higher CFU on selective plates compared with LB.

Scope:

• Designed for bacterial systems (commonly E. coli K‑12/B strains). It is not a defined buffer or eukaryotic cell culture medium. Item is for research use only (per Product Data).

Buffer Applications

SOC is not a buffering reagent nor a defined buffer system. It is a complex microbiological growth medium optimized for bacterial outgrowth. If a buffered environment is required (e.g., for enzyme assays), use a defined buffer (HEPES, Tris, phosphate) and consult compatibility with SOC components when combining media and buffers in workflows.

Green Alternatives

While “green chemistry” frameworks apply mostly to synthetic processes and solvents, some considerations are relevant for culture media logistics:

• In-house preparation vs ready-to-use:
  • Preparing SOC from bulk components (tryptone, yeast extract, salts, glucose) can reduce packaging waste and shipping mass but increases lab energy/water use for sterilization. Ready-to-use sterile formats reduce energy at point-of-use and improve consistency; tradeoff is packaging and transport footprint.
• Media choice:
  • For routine culturing where maximal recovery is unnecessary, LB or SOB may suffice, reducing glucose use and potential downstream COD in waste streams (literature perspective). For transformation recovery, SOC remains the performance choice; using the minimum effective outgrowth time reduces resource use.
• Sterilization method:
  • Filter sterilization at ambient temperature avoids autoclave energy for heat‑labile components, but generates plastic waste (filters). Autoclaving base components and filter‑adding supplements balances energy and waste.
• Waste management:
  • Autoclave biological waste with efficient load management to minimize cycles. Deactivate antibiotics prior to drain disposal per institutional policy to limit environmental impact.

Pharmaceutical Uses

This product is designated For research use only and BioReagent grade (per Product Data) and is not intended for clinical or diagnostic applications.

General, non-item-specific context:

• Microbiological media like SOC can be used in pharmaceutical R&D labs for cloning, plasmid construction, and strain development supporting upstream research.
• They are not typically manufactured under GMP for release testing or production. For regulated applications, pharmacopeial or GMP-qualified media with growth-promotion testing and documented sterility/endotoxin controls are required.
• Item-specific pharmacopeial status, sterility, and QC attributes: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physicochemical specifications are not provided in the Product Data. For authoritative specifications, refer to the CoA/Spec Sheet.

Literature/general properties for SOC medium (typical, non-item-specific):

• Physical state: Usually supplied as a dehydrated powder or a ready-to-use sterile liquid (varies by supplier; not specified for this item).
• Color: Pale to light yellow solution when prepared (literature).
• pH (at 25 °C): Commonly adjusted to ~7.0–7.2 before sterilization (literature).
• Osmolality: Enriched relative to LB due to added salts, Mg2+, and glucose (qualitative, literature).
• Solubility: Readily soluble in purified water (literature).
• Density/refractive index/UV cutoff: Not typically specified for microbiological media; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Sterility: Depends on format and user sterilization; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Notes for practice:

• If preparing from powder, dissolve in high‑purity water and adjust pH before sterilization. Filter sterilization (0.22 μm) is preferred when heat‑labile components (e.g., glucose or Mg2+ additions) are added post‑autoclave (literature best practice).

Quality and Grades

• Grade (from Product Data): BioReagent.
• What BioReagent typically signifies (general):
  • Suitable for biological research applications where consistent nutrient composition and low bioburden/endotoxin are desirable, but not necessarily manufactured under GMP or for clinical/diagnostic use.
  • Not intended for therapeutic, diagnostic, or in vivo use. See Research Use Note: For research use only.
• Medium-specific quality considerations (general best practices):
  • Lot-to-lot consistency in growth performance (e.g., E. coli recovery efficiency post‑transformation) is critical. Vendors often verify growth promotion with standard strains; item-specific test data: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Sterility/endotoxin/bioburden: Acceptance criteria vary by supplier and format; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • If the product contains heat‑labile components premixed, it is commonly sterilized by filtration; confirm with documentation.
• Stabilizers/additives: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Documentation tip: For regulated environments, retain the CoA and performance certificates for each lot; qualify media with your strains and workflows.

Reaction and Applications

SOC medium is not used for chemical reactions; its applications are biological. Key research applications (literature):

• E. coli transformation recovery:
  • After heat‑shock or electroporation, SOC supports rapid recovery and expression of antibiotic resistance before selection. Enrichment (peptides/yeast extract), Mg2+ (membrane stability/repair), and glucose (readily metabolized carbon source) together improve CFU counts compared with LB.
• High-efficiency cloning workflows:
  • Used for outgrowth in plasmid cloning, library transformation, Gibson/Golden Gate assemblies, and CRISPR plasmid introduction.
• Pre-cultures and seed inocula:
  • Short pre-culture growth to boost biomass before switching to selective or defined media (LB, terrific broth, autoinduction media) when rapid recovery is needed.
• Electroporation-specific note:
  • Residual salts can reduce transformation efficiency during the pulse; however, SOC is ideal immediately after pulsing for outgrowth (add after cuvette recovery).
• Practical tips (literature best practices):
  • Warm SOC to 37 °C before use to reduce shock.
  • Outgrowth typically 30–60 min (ampicillin) or up to 2 h (kanamycin/chloramphenicol) with shaking 200–250 rpm.
  • Delay adding antibiotics until after a brief initial recovery (for chemically competent cells) if your workflow supports it; consult strain/vendor guidance.
• Manufacturer Applications from Product Data: Not specified; the above reflects general literature use-cases.

Reaction Conditions

Interpreted as biological culture conditions (literature guidance):

• Temperature: 37 °C commonly used for E. coli outgrowth; some strains benefit from 30 °C to reduce stress.
• Shaking/aeration: 200–250 rpm in baffled flasks or 900–1,200 rpm in deep-well plates with adequate ventilation; target >5:1 air-to-liquid ratio for high oxygen transfer.
• Inoculum: Immediately after transformation, add pre‑warmed SOC to transformed cells.
• Outgrowth duration:
  • Ampicillin/carbenicillin selections: ~30–60 min before plating or adding antibiotic to culture (allows β‑lactamase expression).
  • Kanamycin/chloramphenicol/spectinomycin: 60–120 min outgrowth often used before selection (literature).
• Volumes: 0.5–1.0 mL in microtubes or 2–5 mL in culture tubes for recovery; scale proportionally while maintaining aeration.
• Supplements (add aseptically, literature):
  • Mg2+ (if preparing base by autoclave, add MgCl2/MgSO4 post‑sterilization by filtration).
  • Glucose stock added post‑sterilization to avoid caramelization or Maillard reactions during autoclaving.
• Expected outcomes (literature):
  • Higher CFU and faster colony appearance vs LB due to enriched nutrients and energy availability.

Item-specific performance data and recommended conditions: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Safety and Handling

• GHS classification, signal word, pictograms, and H‑statements: Not specified for this item; refer to the SDS.
• General hazards (literature):
  • Low inherent chemical hazard; primary risk is microbiological proliferation once hydrated. Treat used medium as biohazardous waste according to institutional biosafety policies.
  • If supplied as powder, dust may be irritating; avoid inhalation and contact with eyes/skin. If supplied as liquid, avoid aerosol generation.
• PPE (good laboratory practice): Lab coat, gloves (nitrile), and safety glasses; use a certified biosafety cabinet when handling live cultures.
• Incompatibilities (literature):
  • Do not mix concentrated oxidizers or acids/bases with organic-rich media.
  • Avoid heat sterilization of glucose-containing complete SOC; sterilize base medium, then aseptically add filter‑sterilized glucose and Mg2+ to preserve composition.
• First aid (overview; defer to SDS):
  • Inhalation of dust: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
  • Skin/eye contact: Rinse with water for several minutes.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if unwell.
• Waste: Autoclave spent cultures/medium before disposal in accordance with local regulations and your IBC/BSL guidelines.
• Storage note: See Storage & Reconstitution tab; item-specific storage is Room temperature (per Product Data).

Solvent Selection

This section is not about organic solvent choice, as SOC medium is used as an aqueous growth medium. Practical guidance for aqueous preparation and use:

• Water quality (literature best practice):
  • Use freshly produced Type 1 or Type 2 deionized water (resistivity ≥ 1–18 MΩ·cm, TOC low) to minimize inhibitory trace contaminants.
  • For transformation recovery, low endotoxin water can improve consistency.
• Miscibility: SOC is fully aqueous; do not add organic cosolvents for biological use. Antibiotic stock solutions (e.g., ampicillin in water, chloramphenicol in ethanol) should be diluted such that residual solvent in culture is negligible and non-inhibitory (literature).
• When to choose SOC vs alternatives (literature):
  • Choose SOC over LB for short post‑transformation outgrowth to maximize colony-forming units (CFU) due to enriched nutrients, Mg2+, and glucose.
  • SOB (without glucose) is used when avoiding catabolite repression is desired in early expression experiments; SOC is preferred for rapid recovery prior to plating/selection.
• Aeration interface: Use baffled flasks or adequate tube headspace to ensure oxygen transfer; medium choice interacts with vessel geometry more than with solvent effects in this context.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage conditions (from Product Data): Room temperature. Protect from moisture and microbial contamination. If supplied as sterile liquid, minimize light exposure and avoid repeated warming cycles.
• Shipped in (from Product Data): Normal.
• Shelf life, sterility, and format: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General reconstitution guidance (literature, non-item-specific):

• If supplied as dehydrated powder: Dissolve the indicated mass per liter of high‑purity water per the product label (item-specific mass and pH: Not specified for this item). Adjust pH to ~7.0–7.2 as desired.
• Sterilization workflow:
  • Autoclave the base medium lacking heat‑labile components.
  • Independently filter‑sterilize supplements (e.g., Mg2+ solutions and glucose) through 0.22 μm filters; add aseptically to cooled (≤40–50 °C) base medium to achieve final SOC composition (literature practice).
• Storage after preparation (literature):
  • Liquid SOC: Store at 2–8 °C for up to several weeks if sterile; discard at first sign of turbidity/contamination.
  • For sterile single-use aliquots, dispense into sealed containers and avoid multiple openings.
• Freeze–thaw: Avoid freezing complete medium if possible; precipitation of salts/components and degradation of glucose can occur.

Always consult the item’s CoA/Spec Sheet for exact preparation instructions and any stabilizers or performance qualifiers.

Structure and Identity

• This product is a complex, undefined growth medium (mixture), not a single small molecule. Therefore discrete molecular identifiers do not apply.
• Item-specific identifiers from Product Data:
  • CAS: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • InChIKey: Not applicable (mixture).
  • SMILES: Not applicable (mixture).
  • Molecular Formula: Not applicable (mixture of components).
  • Molecular Weight: Not applicable (mixture).
• Common description (literature): SOC medium is an enriched derivative of SOB used for recovery of Escherichia coli after transformation; it typically contains peptides (tryptone), yeast extract, NaCl/KCl, Mg2+ salts, and glucose.
• Structural features (conceptual, literature):
  • Complex mixture of amino acids/peptides, vitamins, nucleotides, minerals, and carbohydrate (glucose).
  • No defined stereochemistry or single ring system—composition derives from hydrolysates (tryptone) and yeast extract.
• 2D “structure” in words: Heterogeneous aqueous solution containing small peptides and amino acids, B‑vitamins and cofactors, inorganic salts (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO4 2−), and D‑glucose.

Synthetic Utility

Not applicable. SOC medium is not a chemical building block or reagent for organic synthesis. For applications relevant to this product, see Reaction & Applications, Biological Roles, Reaction Conditions, and Application Protocols.

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is not an antibody, enzyme inhibitor, or ligand with target binding specificity. It is a microbiological growth medium intended for general E. coli outgrowth.