Information
Stavudine (d4T) Stavudine (d4T, BMY-27857, Sanilvudine, NSC 163661) is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI) active against HIV.
In vitro
Stavudine alteres the lipid phenotype, decreasing the lipid content and expression of markers involved in lipid metabolism, namely C/EBPalpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, adipocyte lipid binding protein 2, fatty acid synthase and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. Stavudine drives 5-10% of 3T3-F442A cells towards apoptosis, and reduces the lipid content and survival of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Stavudine increases mitochondrial mass by two to fourfold, and loweres the mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1 stain). stavudine inhibits p24 antigen production by HIV-I in PBMC with EDsos ranging from 0.04 μM to 0.2 μM. Stavudine produces significant mitochondrial dysfunction with a 1.5-fold increase in cellular lactate to pyruvate ratios. Stavudine causes a dose-dependent decrease in mtDNA amplification and a correlative increase in abundance of markers of mitochondrial oxidative stress. Stavudine treatment elevates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhances mitochondrial oxidative stress, and contributes mechanistically to NRTI-induced toxicity.
In vivo
Stavudine (500 mg/kg/day) results in lack of significant oxidative mtDNA lesions (as assessed by long polymerase chain reaction experiments), and normal blood lactate/pyruvate ratios in lean mice. Stavudine (500 mg/kg/day) can decrease hepatic and muscle mtDNA in lean mice and can also cause ketoacidosis during fasting without altering mtDNA. Stavudine (500 mg/kg/day) depletes WAT mtDNA only in obese mice.
Cell Data
cell lines：BT474, SKBR3, N87, SKOV3, MCF7, MDA468, Hs578T, Hs578Bst, A549, HT29, U87, SKMG3, HT1080, RPTEC, NDF, HMVEC, HMEC, HUVEC, and PBMC cells
Concentrations：
Incubation Time：
Powder Purity:≥99%
