This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as styrenes. These are organic compounds containing an ethenylbenzene moiety.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
Certificati (CoA, COO, BSE/TSE e tabella di analisi)
C of A & Other Certificates(BSE/TSE, COO):
Analytical Chart:
Proprietà chimiche e fisiche
Sensibilità
Moisture sensitive
Punto di infiammabilità (°F)
194 °F
Punto di infiammabilità (°C)
90 °C
Peso molecolare
266.410 g/mol
XLogP3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
3
Rotatable Bond Count
8
Exact Mass
266.134 Da
Monoisotopic Mass
266.134 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area
27.700 Ų
Heavy Atom Count
18
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
232.000
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
The total count of all stereochemical bonds
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Calcolatori di soluzioni
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Recensioni
Recensioni dei clienti
Application Protocols
No vendor-validated protocols are provided for this SKU. Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General workflow examples (literature guidance; adapt to your system):
Glass/silica silanization (anhydrous):
Clean substrate (solvent wash, plasma/UV–ozone) and dry at 120 °C.
Immerse in 1 vol% silane in dry toluene under N2; heat 80–110 °C for 1 h.
Rinse with solvent; cure at 110 °C for 30 min.
Alcoholic deposition (controlled hydrolysis):
Prepare 1 vol% silane in EtOH with 0.2 vol% H2O, pH ~5 (AcOH).
Immerse 10–20 min at RT; rinse EtOH; cure 110 °C for 30 min.
Thiol–ene modification of coated surface:
Apply solution of thiol target and photoinitiator.
UV (≈365 nm) 5–20 min; rinse and dry.
Verify coverage and functionality by contact angle, XPS, and IR. Conduct small pilot trials to tune concentration and timing for your substrate.
Biological Roles
This product is a synthetic organosilane coupling agent intended for materials and surface chemistry. It does not have established endogenous biological roles.
No metabolic, signaling, or structural biological functions are associated with trialkoxysilanes such as Triethoxy(1-phenylethenyl)silane (general knowledge).
In biointerface engineering, silanes may be used to functionalize substrates prior to immobilizing biomolecules; in such cases, the silane serves as a materials primer rather than a bioactive agent.
Note: For research use only. Not for food, drug, or diagnostic applications.
Buffer Applications
Not typically applicable. This reagent is not a buffering compound and is not used to prepare aqueous buffer systems.
Practical note: In protocols that intentionally hydrolyze this silane in aqueous/alcoholic media, mildly acidic conditions (e.g., acetate-buffered pH ~4.5–5.5) are often employed to control hydrolysis/condensation kinetics (literature guidance). The buffer serves the process chemistry, not as an application of the reagent itself.
Green Alternatives
Silanization chemistry is sensitive to moisture and solvent choice. Greener approaches can reduce VOCs and hazards while maintaining performance.
Options (literature guidance):
Solvent substitution:
Replace toluene/heptane with bio-based or safer solvents where feasible: isopropanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF). Alcohols also serve as co-reactants for controlled hydrolysis.
Use water–ethanol (acidified to pH ~4.5–5.5) for hydrolysis–condensation processes when monolayer precision is not critical.
Process intensification:
Vapor-phase silanization (VPS) reduces solvent usage; requires dry conditions and temperature control.
Supercritical CO2 deposition has been reported for some silanes to minimize organic solvents (specialized equipment).
Alternative coupling agents:
For purely hydrophobic terminations, alkyltrialkoxysilanes (e.g., octyl, isobutyl) in green solvents may suffice.
For radical post-functionalization, vinyltrimethoxysilane or acrylate-bearing silanes in aqueous/alcoholic media may offer lower VOC profiles.
Trade-offs:
Alcohol/water media can increase premature condensation and film heterogeneity; drying and cure steps remain essential.
Methoxy- vs ethoxy-silanes: methoxy variants hydrolyze faster (often in aqueous/EtOH systems) but can release methanol; ethoxy variants release ethanol and may be preferable from a tox/environment standpoint.
Pharmaceutical Uses
No excipient or pharmacopeial status is provided for this item. Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General context (materials science):
Organosilanes can be used in device and packaging coatings, silica surface modification, and as adhesion promoters in medical device manufacturing. Any such use requires appropriate regulatory evaluation; this listing is for research use only.
The styryl functionality allows further organic derivatization after silanization, which can be useful in preparing functional surfaces for analytical devices or separations media.
Physical Properties
Item-specific numerical specifications (bp/mp, density, refractive index, water/peroxide/metal limits, UV cutoff) are not provided for this SKU. Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General/literature-based characteristics for styryl-functional triethoxysilanes (for context only):
Physical state: typically colorless to pale liquid (literature, trialkoxysilane class).
Hydrolyzability: trialkoxysilanes hydrolyze in the presence of moisture/acid/base to silanols, with subsequent condensation to siloxanes (literature).
Solubility (qualitative): miscible with many organic solvents (e.g., toluene, heptane, THF, ethanol, isopropanol); limited solubility in water; reacts slowly with water via hydrolysis (literature).
Polarity: low to moderate polarity; capable of hydrogen-bond acceptance via alkoxy oxygens (general class behavior).
Computed/literature identity values for the molecule (non-specification):
Molecular formula: C14H22O3Si (computed from structure)
Molecular weight: ~266.41 g/mol (computed)
Important: Do not treat the above as product specifications. For method development and QC, consult the item’s CoA/SDS for definitive values.
Quality and Grades
Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Guidance on grades relevant to this class of reagent (general information):
“Synthesis grade”/“technical grade” alkoxysilanes are commonly used for surface treatment, sol–gel, or polymer modification. Key attributes include low hydrolyzable chloride, controlled alkoxy content, and low water content to ensure predictable hydrolysis/condensation behavior.
“High-purity” or “electronic grade” silanes may specify very low metal ion content and water/acid numbers for microelectronics or optics.
UV/LC (low-UV) solvent grades are not typically applicable to the reagent itself but to solvents used with it during silanization.
What to check on the CoA for this item:
Identity confirmation (NMR/IR/GC/MS) consistent with a styryl-functional triethoxysilane.
Assay (%), by GC or NMR.
Water (Karl Fischer) and acidity/alkalinity indices, as these impact shelf-life and silanization performance.
Color/APHA and refractive index (nD) are often reported for alkoxysilanes as quick quality indicators.
Stabilizers: If present, stabilizers (e.g., trace acid or base inhibitors) will influence hydrolysis rate and storage; none are specified for this item.
Reaction and Applications
Manufacturer text not provided; the following reflects general/literature uses of styryl-functional trialkoxysilanes.
Key application domains:
Surface modification of oxide materials (SiO2, glass, Al2O3, ITO): hydrolysis to silanols followed by condensation yields covalent Si–O–M bonds, presenting a styryl group at the surface for further organic reactions.
Adhesion promotion and coupling: improves interfacial bonding between inorganic fillers and organic matrices (e.g., aromatic resins, styrenics, epoxy/vinyl systems).
Sol–gel and ORMOSIL networks: co-condensation with tetraalkoxysilanes (e.g., TEOS) to embed phenyl–vinyl functionality into silica-like matrices, tuning refractive index and hydrophobicity.
Surface-reactive handle: the terminal styryl can participate in radical additions (thiol–ene), cycloadditions, and copolymerizations, enabling post-functionalization of silanized surfaces or particles.
Practical notes:
Pre-treatment: activate oxide surfaces by solvent cleaning and mild plasma/UV–ozone or acid/base wash; dry thoroughly to achieve a controlled surface –OH density.
Dosing: 0.1–2 vol% in dry nonpolar solvent for monolayers; higher loadings can lead to polymeric siloxane films.
Water control: trace water promotes hydrolysis to silanol; excess water fosters bulk condensation and multilayers. Acidic pH (≈4.5–5.5) often affords controlled rates.
Cure: post-bake 100–120 °C for 10–60 min to drive condensation and strengthen interfacial bonds.
Analytics: contact angle, ellipsometry, XPS/ToF-SIMS, and IR (Si–O–Si bands; vinyl/aryl signatures) validate coverage and chemistry.
Reaction Conditions
General literature guidance for silanization and related transformations with styryltrialkoxysilanes (non-binding; optimize per substrate):
Oxide surface silanization (anhydrous route):
Solvent: dry toluene/heptane (or dry THF).
Concentration: 0.1–2 vol% silane.
Temperature/time: 60–110 °C (or reflux) for 0.5–2 h.
Atmosphere: dry nitrogen/argon; exclude moisture.
Post-cure: 100–120 °C, 10–60 min, to drive condensation and remove physisorbed species.
Solvent: ethanol or isopropanol with controlled water (e.g., 0.1–1 vol%); pH adjusted to ~4.5–5.5 with acetic acid.
Contact time: 10–60 min at ambient temperature; rinse and cure as above.
Post-functionalization of styryl-terminated surfaces (thiol–ene example):
Reagents: thiol-bearing molecule, radical initiator (AIBN or photoinitiator).
Conditions: UV irradiation (e.g., 365 nm) or 60–80 °C thermal initiation; inert atmosphere preferred; solvent such as toluene/DMF/MeOH according to thiol solubility.
Notes:
Excess water or strong catalysis leads to bulk siloxane polymerization and multilayer formation; monitor by contact angle and IR.
Aging: trialkoxysilanes can self-condense over time; test a small aliquot prior to critical coatings.
These are literature-derived guidelines and not item-specific specifications.
Safety and Handling
Hazard classifications, pictograms, and H-statements are not provided for this item. Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and SDS for authoritative safety data.
General safety guidance for trialkoxysilanes and vinyl–aryl silanes (literature/industry practice):
Primary hazards: flammable liquid and vapor are typical for alkoxysilanes; eye/skin/respiratory irritation possible. Hydrolysis releases ethanol; acid/base can accelerate hydrolysis and condensation.
PPE: chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile), lab coat, safety goggles. Use in a fume hood to avoid inhalation of vapors or hydrolysis byproducts.
Handling: minimize exposure to moisture; keep containers tightly closed under inert gas where practical. Use dry syringes/dispensers for anhydrous operations.
Incompatibilities: strong acids/bases (catalyze rapid hydrolysis/condensation), oxidizers, moisture, and nucleophiles; avoid contact with porous alkaline substrates before intended silanization.
First aid (overview; follow SDS):
Inhalation: move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin/eyes: rinse with water for ≥15 min; remove contaminated clothing; obtain medical advice.
Ingestion: rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; get medical attention.
Fire-fighting: use alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or CO2. Combustion/thermal decomposition may produce silica, CO/CO2, and ethanol from hydrolysis.
Always consult the product SDS for definitive hazard information and local regulatory requirements.
Solvent Selection
This reagent is a hydrolizable trialkoxysilane used primarily as a coupling agent or sol–gel comonomer. Solvent choice should balance moisture control, substrate compatibility, and downstream curing.
General/literature guidance (not product specs):
Polarity class: low-to-moderate polarity, readily soluble in nonpolar and many polar aprotic media.
Typical anhydrous deposition solvents (oxide silanization): toluene, heptane, cyclohexane, or dry THF. These suppress premature hydrolysis and favor monolayer formation on pre-activated oxides.
Alcoholic/aqueous deposition: ethanol, isopropanol, or ethanol–water at controlled pH (≈4.5–5.5 with acetic acid) for hydrolysis-then-condensation protocols.
Avoid: high water content or strong acid/base unless intentionally catalyzing hydrolysis/condensation.
Selection tips:
For dense monolayers on silica/glass: dry toluene or heptane with 0.5–2 vol% silane; reflux or 60–110 °C.
For patterned or bulk coatings: ethanol/isopropanol with controlled water (0.1–1 vol%) to pre-hydrolyze; shorter contact times at ambient temperature.
For polymer blending or sol–gel: choose solvents compatible with the polymer/alkoxide matrix (e.g., alcohols, ketones) and control water stoichiometry.
Comparison (literature):
Vinyltriethoxysilane vs Triethoxy(1-phenylethenyl)silane: the styryl variant is more hydrophobic and more conjugated, which can reduce volatility and alter film properties; solvent choices are otherwise similar.
Shipped in: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Best practices for this class of reagent (literature/general):
Protect from moisture. Store in tightly sealed, chemically compatible containers; purge headspace with dry nitrogen or argon after use to slow hydrolysis/condensation.
Avoid prolonged light/heat exposure; store in a cool, dry place away from acids/bases and oxidizers.
If solid/gel particulates appear over time (self-condensation), filter prior to critical use and verify performance.
Do not freeze aqueous working solutions; prepare fresh hydrolyzed solutions immediately before use.
Reconstitution: Not applicable; supplied neat (no reconstitution required). If preparing deposition baths, mix with anhydrous solvent (e.g., toluene, heptane, ethanol) under dry conditions and, where desired, add controlled water and acid catalyst immediately before use.
Research Use Note: For research use only.
Structure and Identity
Triethoxy(1-phenylethenyl)silane is a vinyl–aryl functional trialkoxysilane, combining a hydrolyzable triethoxysilyl head for oxide bonding with a conjugated styryl tail for organic reactivity.
SKU: T472668
Product name: Triethoxy(1-phenylethenyl)silane
CAS: 90260-87-0
PubChem CID: 11196400 (literature identifier)
InChIKey: 65642 (as provided; format appears truncated — refer to CoA/SDS for authoritative identifier)
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular formula: C14H22O3Si (computed from name; literature)
2D description: Si center bonded to three –OCH2CH3 groups and to a vinyl carbon; the vinyl C=C is E/Z-capable in principle but commonly depicted as CH=CH–Ph without defined stereochemistry; no stereocenters are present.
Notes:
Item-specific identifiers not explicitly listed above should be verified against the product CoA/Spec Sheet.
Synthetic Utility
Functional group synopsis:
Trialkoxysilane (–Si(OEt)3): hydrolyzes to silanols, condenses to siloxanes; forms robust Si–O–M linkages to metal oxides.
Styryl group (Ph–CH=CH–): conjugated alkene amenable to radical polymerization, thiol–ene coupling, and other C=C transformations.
Utility in synthesis and materials:
Surface linker: covalently anchors to glass/silica/alumina, presenting a vinyl–aryl handle for subsequent click-like or radical additions (e.g., grafting thiols or initiating polymer growth from surfaces).
ORMOSIL precursor: co-condensation with TEOS or other alkoxides to embed aromatic vinyl units into hybrid networks for optical and barrier property tuning.
Comonomer/crosslink site: when incorporated into coatings, the styryl moiety can participate in photoinitiated or thermal curing with radical initiators.
Retrosynthetic perspective:
Enables decoupling of inorganic surface chemistry (Si–O network formation) from organic functionalization (C=C transformations), allowing modular construction of hybrid interfaces.
Analytical confirmation (recommended):
1H/13C NMR: vinyl and aromatic signals; ethoxy –CH2/–CH3 resonances; 29Si NMR for silicon environment.
IR: Si–O–C, Si–O–Si (post-condensation), C=C and aromatic stretches.
GC or GC–MS for purity if volatility permits; GPC/SEC for oligomeric content after aging.
Target Specificity
Not applicable. This product is a small-molecule organosilane, not a biological targeting reagent (no antigen/epitope/isotype or species reactivity). For substrate specificity in materials terms, see Reaction & Applications and Synthetic Utility.
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