In wall putty, mortar, slurry-applied roughening coats, construction adhesives, and coating systems, polyvinyl alcohol is a commonly used water-soluble polymer material. When selecting polyvinyl alcohol, many users encounter a practical question: if they are all polyvinyl alcohol, why does 1788 ...
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Techniques for detecting, quantifying and localizing antigens and antibodies — ELISA, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Below are the protocols, FAQs and technical articles in our knowledge base tagged with this topic.
Most coatings use resin as the continuous phase and typically exhibit high electrical resistance after film formation. For ordinary decorative and protective coatings, this insulating property is not necessarily a problem. However, in applications such as antistatic flooring, electronic-industry ...
Coating lifting refers to a defect that occurs during multi-layer coating application or repainting of old paint films. Solvents, co-solvents, or thinners in the upper coating penetrate into the underlying coating film, causing the lower film to soften, become plasticized, swell, or partially ...
White coatings, light-colored topcoats, and clear varnishes usually show good appearance shortly after application. However, during storage, application, curing, or service, they may gradually develop yellowing, discoloration, brownish-yellow tones, or a deeper amber appearance. These phenomena ...
When problems occur in a coating formulation, it is not enough to look only at the surface symptoms. Issues such as foaming, cratering, sagging, floating and flooding, and poor application appearance can often be improved by adjusting additives, pigments and fillers, solvents, the rheological ...
A waterborne resin is a film-forming resin system that uses water as the primary dispersion medium or dilution medium. It can be used in architectural coatings, wood coatings, industrial coatings, anticorrosive coatings, flooring coatings, packaging coatings, inks, adhesives, and other fields.
Shellac is a natural resin of animal origin prepared from lac resin secreted by lac insects. The resin is collected, washed, melted, filtered, and then processed into sheets or crushed forms. Lac insects live on the branches of specific host trees, and their secretions can be processed into ...
Rosin, commonly referred to in English as rosin or colophony, is a natural resin derived from resin resources of pine and other coniferous trees, with resin acids as its main components. Based on source and production route, industrial rosin is commonly classified into three types.
In coating formulations, resins typically serve functions such as film formation, binding, adhesion, protection, and decoration. In its description of “resin,” the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) notes that the term “resin” was originally used because of ...
Chlorinated rubber resin offers fast drying, one-component application, easy recoating, water resistance, salt resistance, and convenient maintenance. It is therefore commonly used in maintenance protective coatings, swimming pool coatings, road-marking coatings, and some industrial ...
Chlorinated rubber resin is a common type of chlorine-containing film-forming resin used in coatings, inks, and adhesives. It is usually produced by chlorinating natural rubber or synthetic rubber, and typically appears as a white or light-colored powder, granule, or flaky solid. Compared with ...
In coatings formulation discussions, “vinyl-related resins” do not refer to a single resin, but rather to a group of resin systems with similar names yet clear differences in structure and application. Polyvinyl acetate emulsion (PVAc), vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion (VAE), vinyl ...
In coating formulations, chlorinated rubber resin first serves as a film-forming resin. After being dissolved in organic solvents, it forms a continuous coating film as the solvent evaporates during application, providing the coating with basic adhesion, barrier properties, protection, and ...
Coating applications suitable for chlorinated rubber resin usually share several clear requirements: fast drying, one-component application, convenient construction, easy maintenance, water resistance, salt resistance, and stable adhesion to metal or mineral substrates. These applications do not ...
Phenolic resin, also known as phenol-formaldehyde resin or PF resin, has distinct characteristics in coatings: it offers good heat resistance, chemical resistance, and hardness, and can help improve coating adhesion and protective performance. However, it also has certain limitations, such as a ...
Alkyd resin (AR) is one of the most widely used film-forming resins in industrial coatings. It offers good application properties, good pigment and filler wetting, good gloss and leveling, and relatively moderate cost. For these reasons, it is commonly used in metal primers, industrial topcoats, ...
Epoxy phenolic coating (EPC) is a broad term used in engineering applications. It generally refers to coating systems formed from epoxy resins and phenolic resins or phenolic crosslinkers, as well as coatings based on phenolic novolac epoxy resins cured with amine or other curing systems. The ...
VC/VAc resins are generally based on vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, commonly abbreviated as VC/VAc copolymer resins. In this abbreviation, VC stands for vinyl chloride and VAc stands for vinyl acetate. In practical applications, VC/VAc resins also include modified resins or ...
Techniques often explored alongside immunological experiments.
