Tris-Hydrochloride Buffer - 1M，pH 7.5 sterile

Cat. No.: T301500

GRAU & PUREZA 1M，pH 7.5 sterile

Synonyms

Tris HCl;Tris-HCl

Storage

Room temperature

Shipped In

Normal

Especificações

Sinónimos

Tris HCl;Tris-HCl

Especificações e pureza

1M，pH 7.5 sterile

Condições de armazenamento de armazenamento

Room temperature

Enviado em

Normal

Application Protocols

Item-specific, validated application protocols and recommended conditions: Not specified for this item; refer to the product datasheet/CoA.

Note: While general buffer recipes are widely available (see Buffer Applications tab), Aladdin Scientific does not provide protocol guarantees for this SKU. Users should qualify buffer formulations for their specific assays and instruments, documenting pH (with temperature), ionic strength, and additives.

Biological Roles

Item-specific biological/clinical roles: Not applicable; this product is supplied for research use as a buffer component. No medical or clinical claims are made.

General biochemical considerations (literature):

• Protonation equilibria: Tris functions as a proton acceptor/donor around pH ~8 through its primary amine, maintaining pH in systems near neutrality.
• Interactions with biomolecules: The primary amine and polyol groups promote hydrogen bonding with proteins and nucleic acids, generally without strong specific binding. However, Tris can competitively inhibit amine-reactive labeling (e.g., NHS esters) and may weakly chelate metal ions.
• Enzymatic compatibility: Many enzymes are active in Tris buffers (restriction endonucleases, polymerases, kinases), but optimal activity is system-specific. Some metalloenzymes or assays sensitive to primary amines (e.g., β-gal colorimetry with certain substrates) may require alternative buffers.
• Temperature sensitivity: The sizable negative temperature coefficient of Tris pKa means biological assays should be standardized to a defined temperature, or pH recalibrated at the point of use. Report buffer pH alongside temperature for reproducibility.
• Ionic strength and osmotic balance: Tris alone contributes little ionic strength; addition of salts (NaCl/KCl), divalent cations (Mg2+/Ca2+), and cofactors is often necessary for biological function and stability in vitro.

Bottom line: Tris-HCl is a versatile near-neutral buffer for in vitro biochemical work; verify compatibility with specific biomolecules and detection chemistries.

Buffer Applications

This product is intended for preparation of Tris-HCl buffer systems for biochemical workflows.

General/literature formulations (examples; adjust to application):

• 1.0 M Tris-HCl stock, pH 8.0 (literature):
  • Dissolve 121.14 g Tris base per 1 L water; cool to 25 °C; adjust to pH 8.0 with concentrated HCl; bring to volume; sterile-filter if needed.
  • Alternatively, dissolve the stoichiometric Tris-HCl salt and titrate to target pH with NaOH.
• TBS (Tris-Buffered Saline), pH 7.4–8.0 (literature):
  • 20–50 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl; optional 2–5 mM KCl or divalent cations if required by the system.
• TBST (TBS + Tween-20) for Western blot washing (literature):
  • TBS with 0.05–0.1% (v/v) Tween-20; adjust detergent level to balance stringency and membrane compatibility.
• DNA electrophoresis systems (literature):
  • TAE: 40 mM Tris-acetate, 1 mM EDTA; TBE: 89 mM Tris, 89 mM boric acid, 2 mM EDTA. These are typically prepared from Tris base plus the corresponding acid; they illustrate Tris’s role in buffering nucleic acid workflows.

Practical tips:

• Adjust pH at the working temperature due to Tris’s temperature coefficient.
• Use high-purity water; sterile-filter and store cold for sensitive applications to minimize microbial growth.
• Report final buffer composition (mM of Tris, counterions, salt, pH, temperature) for reproducibility.

Green Alternatives

Tris-HCl buffer systems are aqueous and generally align with green chemistry principles for benign media. Selection among buffering agents can further optimize environmental and safety profiles.

Comparison of common near-neutral buffers (literature characteristics):

• Tris-HCl
  • Pros: Widely available, inexpensive, high buffering capacity near pH 8; low UV absorbance above ~210–220 nm.
  • Cons: Significant temperature-dependent pH; primary amine can interfere with amine-reactive chemistries; CO2 absorption shifts pH.
• HEPES (Good’s buffer)
  • Pros: Lower temperature/pH dependence; minimal interactions with metal ions and biological systems; zwitterionic reduces reactivity.
  • Cons: More costly; poorer UV transparency below ~230 nm; light-induced byproducts can interfere in some cell culture photochemistry.
• MOPS/MES (Good’s buffers)
  • Pros: Buffering around pH 6–7.2; low biological reactivity; stable.
  • Cons: Narrow pH windows relative to Tris; cost.
• Phosphate
  • Pros: Biologically relevant; minimal temperature coefficient; inexpensive.
  • Cons: Can precipitate with divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+), complicating protein/nucleic acid work; absorbs at low UV.

Greener practice tips:

• Prepare only required volumes to minimize waste; store cold and sterile-filter to extend life and reduce biocide use.
• Use reusable glassware; avoid single-use plastics when compatible.
• Document and reuse buffers across steps when composition allows to reduce solvent consumption.

Pharmaceutical Uses

Item-specific pharmacopeial status or excipient grade: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General information (non-clinical; manufacturing/formulation context only):

• Tris/Tris-HCl is used as a processing buffer and excipient in biomanufacturing for proteins, vaccines, and nucleic-acid-based products, providing pH control near neutrality (literature). It may appear in chromatography buffers, formulation buffers, and as a component of viral vector storage matrices.
• Selection considerations:
  • Temperature coefficient: Critical for cold-chain or room-temperature processes; verify pH at intended hold temperatures.
  • Interactions: Primary amine may interact with aldehyde-containing excipients and can influence charge-based purification steps.
  • Ionic strength/osmolality: Often paired with NaCl and stabilizers (sugars, amino acids) to achieve target osmolality and stability profiles.
• Regulatory aspects: Pharmaceutical use typically requires material meeting relevant pharmacopeial monographs (e.g., Tromethamine/Tris) with defined impurity limits, heavy metals, and bioburden/endotoxin controls (literature). Vendor documentation and lot traceability are essential.

Note: Aladdin Scientific supplies this product for research use only. It is not intended for human or veterinary use, clinical applications, or as an active pharmaceutical ingredient.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physicochemical specifications (melting point, water content, metal content, UV cutoff, etc.): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General/literature properties for Tris-HCl (for planning purposes only; not item specifications):

• Physical state: crystalline solid; highly water soluble.
• Molecular weight (Tris-HCl salt): ~157.6 g/mol (literature). Tris base is ~121.14 g/mol (literature), used for molarity calculations when preparing buffers from base + HCl.
• Solubility: very soluble in water; sparingly soluble in many organic solvents (literature).
• pKa of Tris conjugate acid (TrisH+): ~8.06 at 25 °C; dpKa/dT ≈ −0.028 pH units/°C (literature). This temperature dependence is significant in biological assays.
• Buffering range: approximately pH 7.0–9.0 (optimal near pH 7.5–8.5) (literature).
• Melting/decomposition: reported ~150–153 °C (dec.) for the Tris-HCl salt (literature).
• Hygroscopicity: moderate; aqueous solutions can absorb atmospheric CO2, affecting pH (literature).

Practical implications:

• Temperature strongly influences Tris buffer pH; calibrate and report pH at the working temperature.
• Use freshly prepared or tightly sealed solutions to minimize CO2 uptake and pH drift.
• Avoid UV quantitation interferences: neat Tris has low UV absorbance above ~210–220 nm (literature), generally suitable for protein/NA work, but verify for your detection wavelength.

Quality and Grades

Item-specific grade/purity, stabilizers, and analytical limits: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Guidance on buffer chemical quality (general information for Tris/Tris-HCl):

• Common grades include: Molecular biology grade (DNase/RNase/protease-free, low endotoxin), Biochemistry grade (low UV absorbance, metal and peroxide limits), Analytical Reagent (AR) grade, and USP/Ph. Eur. compliant materials for manufacturing. Choice depends on sensitivity of the application.
• UV transparency: High-purity buffer components are preferred for spectroscopy and HPLC sample preparation to minimize baseline noise at 214–280 nm.
• Metal content: Trace metals can catalyze oxidation of sensitive biomolecules; low-metal specifications are beneficial for redox-sensitive proteins or nucleic acids.
• Microbial/bioburden: For cell-free molecular biology and protein biochemistry, low bioburden and endotoxin levels reduce variability; consider sterile filtration of prepared buffers.
• Documentation: Request a Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for batch-specific assay, loss on drying, pH (for defined solutions), and impurity profile as applicable.

Takeaway: Match the grade to the downstream application (e.g., nuclease-free for RNA work, low UV for spectroscopy). In the absence of stated specifications for this SKU, verify suitability by consulting the CoA/Spec Sheet or performing in-house qualification.

Reaction and Applications

This product is intended as a buffer for biochemical workflows rather than as a substrate or reagent in synthetic organic transformations.

Key laboratory applications (general/literature):

• Protein biochemistry: Tris-HCl buffers stabilize many enzymes and proteins near physiological pH; common in chromatography (ion exchange, affinity), dialysis, and spectroscopy.
• Electrophoresis and blotting: Core component of TBS (Tris-buffered saline) and TBST (with Tween-20) for Western blot blocking/washing; forms the “T” in TAE/TBE for DNA/RNA electrophoresis (typically prepared from Tris base with acetic/boric acid).
• Molecular biology: Frequently used in ligation reactions, restriction digests, and as a component of storage buffers for enzymes (with salts, glycerol, DTT, etc.).
• Cell-free systems: Stabilizes pH in in vitro translation/transcription and enzyme assays.

Practical tips:

• Temperature effect: Adjust pH at the intended working temperature; a 10 °C change can shift apparent pH by ~0.3 units for Tris buffers (literature).
• Ionic strength: Add NaCl/KCl as needed (e.g., 100–150 mM for TBS) to control protein solubility and minimize nonspecific interactions.
• Compatibility: Avoid combining with aldehyde-based fixatives unless intended, as primary amines can react with carbonyls; Tris can also interfere with some amine-reactive labeling chemistries (NHS esters).
• Metal catalysis: Tris has modest metal-binding ability; for metal-catalyzed assays (e.g., HRP), ensure buffer composition supports activity and does not chelate essential cofactors.

Reaction Conditions

As a buffering component, “reaction conditions” emphasize preparation and use parameters rather than chemical transformation conditions.

General/literature guidance:

• pH and temperature:
  • Target pH commonly 7.0–9.0; typical working pH 7.4–8.0 for protein work and 8.0–8.5 for many DNA-related steps.
  • Tris pKa (25 °C) ~8.06 with dpKa/dT ≈ −0.028 pH/°C. Adjust and report pH at working temperature (e.g., set pH at 4 °C for cold chromatography buffers, or at 25 °C for room-temp assays).
• Concentration:
  • 10–100 mM for routine assays; 20–50 mM common for TBS; 1.0–2.0 M stocks for convenience (filter-sterilize and store cold).
• Ionic strength and additives:
  • Add NaCl/KCl (e.g., 100–150 mM) to modulate protein solubility; include MgCl2/CaCl2 only where required (e.g., nucleases, kinases) to avoid precipitation with phosphate alternatives.
  • Reducing agents (DTT, TCEP), chelators (EDTA), and stabilizers (glycerol, sugars) are frequently incorporated; verify compatibility with assay readouts.
• Expected performance (literature):
  • Buffers maintain pH within ±0.1–0.2 units under moderate acid/base challenge around the pKa, provided total buffer concentration is sufficient relative to acid/base load.

Preparation notes:

• For Tris-HCl salt, dissolve in water and titrate to target pH with NaOH; for Tris base, titrate with HCl.
• Minimize CO2 exposure during and after pH adjustment; store in sealed containers.

Safety and Handling

Hazard information for this specific item (GHS classification, signal word, H-statements, pictograms): Not specified for this item; refer to the SDS for authoritative safety data.

General safety considerations for Tris-HCl buffers (literature/typical practice):

• Expected hazards: low acute toxicity; may cause eye/skin/respiratory irritation. Avoid inhalation of dusts and contact with eyes/skin.
• Personal protective equipment: lab coat, safety glasses, and appropriate gloves (e.g., nitrile). Use dust control and local ventilation when handling solids.
• First aid overview: rinse eyes/skin with water for several minutes after contact; move to fresh air if inhaled; seek medical advice if symptoms persist. If ingested, rinse mouth and obtain medical attention as needed. Follow institutional protocols.
• Storage incompatibilities: strong oxidizing agents. Aqueous Tris buffers can react slowly with aldehydes (e.g., formaldehyde) and can complex some metal ions; consider buffer composition in fixation/metal-catalyzed reactions.
• Special risks/handling tips:
  • CO2 absorption by Tris solutions leads to gradual pH shift; keep containers well sealed.
  • pH is temperature dependent; measure and adjust at intended working temperature.
  • Use clean, preferably sterile containers for biological workflows to avoid microbial growth; add a biocide only if compatible with downstream use.

Always consult the product SDS and your institution’s safety guidelines before use.

Solvent Selection

As a buffer component, Tris-HCl is used primarily in aqueous media rather than as an organic solvent.

• Polarity/miscibility (general): Tris-HCl is an ionic, highly water-soluble salt. It is not intended for use as an organic solvent and has negligible solubility in most aprotic organic media.
• Typical use scenarios:
  • Preparation of aqueous buffer systems in the pH 7–9 range for protein purification, enzyme assays, electrophoresis, and nucleic acid workflows.
  • As part of composite buffers (e.g., TBS, TBST, TAE/TBE systems when formulated from Tris base + acid).
• Choosing water quality: Use high-resistivity deionized water (≥18 MΩ·cm) for analytical and molecular biology work. For RNA workflows, RNase-free water is recommended.
• When to choose Tris-based buffers vs alternatives:
  • Choose Tris when working near neutral to slightly basic pH and when minimal buffer-metal chelation is desired (compared to phosphate).
  • Consider phosphate when compatibility with enzymatic systems preferring phosphate is required, or Good’s buffers (HEPES, MOPS) when lower temperature/pH sensitivity is critical.

Comparison (literature characteristics):

• Tris-HCl: pKa ~8.06 at 25 °C; strong temperature dependence; low ionic strength unless supplemented.
• HEPES: pKa ~7.55 at 25 °C; lower temperature coefficient; zwitterionic; often superior for live-cell systems sensitive to pH drift.

Storage and Reconstitution

Item-specific storage and shipping:

• Storage conditions: Room temperature (per Product Data). Protect from moisture uptake.
• Shipped in: Normal conditions (per Product Data).

General/literature guidance for solutions:

• Reconstitution: Dissolve in high-purity water to desired molarity. Adjust pH at the intended working temperature using HCl or NaOH, depending on whether starting from Tris base or Tris-HCl salt.
• Sterilization: For biological workflows, sterile-filter through 0.22 µm PES/PTFE membranes. Avoid autoclaving if buffer contains heat-labile additives.
• Storage of solutions: 2–8 °C in clean, tightly sealed containers to minimize CO2 absorption and microbial growth. For long-term storage, prepare aliquots and consider freezing only if compatible with downstream use (Tris buffers generally tolerate freezing, but confirm with additives present).
• Shelf life: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. As a general practice, prepare fresh or replace solutions showing pH drift, turbidity, or contamination.

Handling tips:

• Equilibrate to target temperature before pH measurement/adjustment.
• Label containers with composition (mM), pH, temperature of pH set, date, and preparer for traceability.
• Avoid cross-contamination by using dedicated scoops/spatulas and desiccated storage for the solid.

Structure and Identity

Tris-Hydrochloride (Tris-HCl) is the protonated hydrochloride salt of Tris (tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane), a widely used biological buffer component.

• SKU: T301500
• Product name: Tris-Hydrochloride Buffer (research/lab use only)
• CAS, CID, InChIKey, SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular formula and weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Structural description (general/literature):
  • Core scaffold is a neopentyl-like carbon center bearing three primary alcohol arms (–CH2OH) and one primary amine. In Tris-HCl, the amine is protonated (–NH3+) and paired with Cl−.
  • Functional groups: one protonated primary amine (ammonium), three alcohols (polyol). No aromatic rings, no stereocenters.
  • 2D structure in words: a central quaternary carbon attached to three –CH2OH substituents and one –CH2–NH3+; chloride is the counterion.
• Synonyms (general): Tris-HCl; tromethamine hydrochloride; tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride.

Notes:

• The buffer commonly consists of aqueous Tris base adjusted with HCl to the desired pH (often written as “Tris-HCl, pH X”). Solid “Tris-HCl” denotes the isolated salt and yields acidic solutions unless further titrated.

Synthetic Utility

While primarily a biochemical buffer, Tris/Tris-HCl has limited roles in chemical synthesis (general literature):

• Ligand/base in coordination and materials chemistry: The triol/amine motif can chelate or template metal ions, sometimes used in nanoparticle syntheses or to stabilize metal centers in aqueous media.
• Nucleophile/amine scavenger: The primary amine may quench activated esters (e.g., NHS esters) or acylating agents in workups; conversely, avoid Tris buffers during amine-labeling reactions to prevent undesired quenching.
• Organocatalysis in water: Rare cases exploit Tris as a Brønsted base or hydrogen-bond donor/acceptor network in aqueous organocatalytic transformations, though buffer alternatives are more common.
• Crosslinking reactions: The presence of a nucleophilic amine means Tris can react with aldehydes (Schiff base formation) or epoxy groups; this is generally undesirable in bioconjugation unless intentionally used as a quenching agent.

Practical guidance:

• For synthetic steps requiring minimal nucleophilicity or absence of primary amines, avoid Tris-containing media.
• For metal-mediated aqueous reactions, verify that Tris does not inhibit catalysis via coordination or pH shifts.
• If used as a quench, calculate stoichiometry against reactive functionalities and confirm that byproducts are benign and separable.

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is a chemical buffer and does not possess biological target specificity, antigen binding, clone identity, or isotype characteristics.

Item-specific target/epitope information: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet if applicable (none expected for buffers).