Articles by tag "orthotopic xenograft"

1. Establishment and Application of Animal Models of Bladder Cancer (BC)
   posted this at 28 jul 2026

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   Bladder cancer (BC) mainly originates from the bladder urothelium. Animal models are used to study tumor initiation, invasion and metastasis, the tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic responses. Different models vary markedly in carcinogenic mechanism, immune background, tumor formation speed, ...