ARL-15849, Agonist of CCK 1 receptor;Agonist of CCK 2 receptor, CAS No.152548-39-5, Agonist of CCK 1 receptor;Agonist of CCK 2 receptor

CAS: 152548-39-5 Cat. No.: rp173495 PubChem CID: 177939

GRADE & PURITY Moligand™

Specifications

Product Name

ARL-15849, Agonist of CCK 1 receptor;Agonist of CCK 2 receptor, CAS No.152548-39-5

Sinonimi

AR-R 15849;ARL 15849XX;FPL 15849;-15849.00

Grado

Moligand™

Specifiche e purezza

Moligand™

Tipo di azione

AGONIST

Meccanismo d'azione

Agonist of CCK 1 receptor;Agonist of CCK 2 receptor

CAS

152548-39-5

Tipo di molecola

Peptidi

Product Line

Prodotti biologici

Stoccaggio e spedizione

Condizioni di conservazione di stoccaggio

Room temperature

Obiettivi associati (umani)

CCKAR Tclin Cholecystokinin receptor type A (0 Activities)

Discover Target: CCKAR

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

CCKBR Tclin Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor (0 Activities)

Discover Target: CCKBR

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

Informazioni genetiche

• Alternate Names: AR-R 15849;ARL 15849XX;FPL 15849;-15849.00
• Reference:
  • 1. Kinetics and inhibition of recombinant human cystathionine gamma-lyase. Toward the rational control of transsulfuration., The Journal of biological chemistry, Steegborn, C C and 7 more authors.
  • 2. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Strausberg, Robert L RL and 83 more authors.
  • 3. Genomic basis of cystathioninuria (MIM 219500) revealed by multiple mutations in cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH)., Human genetics, Wang, Jian J and Hegele, Robert A RA.
  • 4. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of human liver cDNA encoding for cystathionine gamma-lyase., Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Lu, Y Y, O'Dowd, B F BF, Orrego, H H and Israel, Y Y.
  • 5. Single nucleotide polymorphism in CTH associated with variation in plasma homocysteine concentration., Clinical genetics, Wang, J J, Huff, A M AM, Spence, J D JD and Hegele, R A RA.
  • 6. Cystathionine gamma-lyase overexpression inhibits cell proliferation via a H2S-dependent modulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and p21Cip/WAK-1., The Journal of biological chemistry, Yang, Guangdong G, Cao, Kun K, Wu, Lingyun L and Wang, Rui R.
  • 7. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)., Genome research, Gerhard, Daniela S DS and 115 more authors.
  • 8. Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network., Nature, Rual, Jean-François JF and 37 more authors.
  • 9. The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1., Nature, Gregory, S G SG and 178 more authors.
  • 10. Polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism and trans-sulfuration pathway genes and susceptibility to bladder cancer., International journal of cancer, Moore, Lee E LE and 14 more authors. more
  • 11. Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome., Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, Barbe, Laurent L and 10 more authors.
  • 12. Kinetic properties of polymorphic variants and pathogenic mutants in human cystathionine gamma-lyase., Biochemistry, Zhu, Weidong W, Lin, Alexander A and Banerjee, Ruma R.
  • 13. Pathway-based evaluation of 380 candidate genes and lung cancer susceptibility suggests the importance of the cell cycle pathway., Carcinogenesis, Hosgood, H Dean HD and 12 more authors.
  • 14. Relationship between cystathionine gamma-lyase gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in Northern Chinese Han population., Chinese medical journal, Li, Yun Y and 8 more authors.
  • 15. Active cystathionine beta-synthase can be expressed in heme-free systems in the presence of metal-substituted porphyrins or a chemical chaperone., The Journal of biological chemistry, Majtan, Tomas T, Singh, Laishram R LR, Wang, Liqun L, Kruger, Warren D WD and Kraus, Jan P JP.
  • 16. MALDI-TOF MS genotyping of polymorphisms related to 1-carbon metabolism using common and mass-modified terminators., Clinical chemistry, Meyer, Klaus K, Fredriksen, Ase A and Ueland, Per Magne PM.
  • 17. Structural basis for the inhibition mechanism of human cystathionine gamma-lyase, an enzyme responsible for the production of H(2)S., The Journal of biological chemistry, Sun, Qingxiang Q and 10 more authors.
  • 18. Oral facial clefts and gene polymorphisms in metabolism of folate/one-carbon and vitamin A: a pathway-wide association study., Genetic epidemiology, Boyles, Abee L AL and 16 more authors.
  • 19. Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes., Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, Gonzales, Patricia A PA and 7 more authors.
  • 20. An association study of 45 folate-related genes in spina bifida: Involvement of cubilin (CUBN) and tRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase 1 (TRDMT1)., Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology, Franke, Barbara B and 7 more authors.
  • 21. Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes and lung cancer risk in Xuanwei, China., Environmental and molecular mutagenesis, Shen, Min M and 12 more authors.
  • 22. H2S biogenesis by human cystathionine gamma-lyase leads to the novel sulfur metabolites lanthionine and homolanthionine and is responsive to the grade of hyperhomocysteinemia., The Journal of biological chemistry, Chiku, Taurai T and 5 more authors.
  • 23. Variations in folate pathway genes are associated with unexplained female infertility., Fertility and sterility, Altmäe, Signe S and 7 more authors.
  • 24. Bile-acid-activated farnesoid X receptor regulates hydrogen sulfide production and hepatic microcirculation., World journal of gastroenterology, Renga, Barbara B, Mencarelli, Andrea A, Migliorati, Marco M, Distrutti, Eleonora E and Fiorucci, Stefano S.
  • 25. Cystathionine gamma-lyase: Clinical, metabolic, genetic, and structural studies., Molecular genetics and metabolism, Kraus, Jan P JP and 14 more authors.
  • 26. Relative contributions of cystathionine beta-synthase and gamma-cystathionase to H2S biogenesis via alternative trans-sulfuration reactions., The Journal of biological chemistry, Singh, Sangita S, Padovani, Dominique D, Leslie, Rachel A RA, Chiku, Taurai T and Banerjee, Ruma R.
  • 27. PTEN identified as important risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease., Respiratory medicine, Hosgood, H Dean HD, Menashe, Idan I, He, Xingzhou X, Chanock, Stephen S and Lan, Qing Q.
  • 28. Genetic susceptibility to distinct bladder cancer subphenotypes., European urology, Guey, Lin T LT and 18 more authors.
  • 29. Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip., American journal of human genetics, Talmud, Philippa J PJ and 38 more authors.
  • 30. Integrative predictive model of coronary artery calcification in atherosclerosis., Circulation, McGeachie, Michael M and 13 more authors.
  • 31. Cystathionine beta-synthase 844Ins68 polymorphism is not associated with the levels of homocysteine and cysteine in an Indian population., Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals, Kumar, Jitender J, Garg, Gaurav G, Karthikeyan, Ganesan G and Sengupta, Shantanu S.
  • 32. The expression and activity of cystathionine-γ-lyase and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in human neoplastic cell lines., Amino acids, Jurkowska, Halina H, Placha, Wojciech W, Nagahara, Noriuki N and Wróbel, Maria M.
  • 33. Ancient origin of the CTH alelle carrying the c.200C>T (p.T67I) variant in patients with cystathioninuria., Clinical genetics, Espinós, C C and 8 more authors.
  • 34. Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study., Diabetes care, Bailey, Swneke D SD and 11 more authors.
  • 35. Maternal genes and facial clefts in offspring: a comprehensive search for genetic associations in two population-based cleft studies from Scandinavia., PloS one, Jugessur, Astanand A and 12 more authors.
  • 36. [Expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in CVB3-induced myocarditis in mice]., Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics, Hua, Wang W and 6 more authors.
  • 37. Folate-metabolizing gene variants and pregnancy outcome of IVF., Reproductive biomedicine online, Laanpere, M M and 5 more authors.
  • 38. Specificity protein-1 as a critical regulator of human cystathionine gamma-lyase in smooth muscle cells., The Journal of biological chemistry, Yang, Guangdong G, Pei, Yanxi Y, Teng, Huajian H, Cao, Qiuhui Q and Wang, Rui R.
  • 39. Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium., Briefings in bioinformatics, Gaudet, Pascale P, Livstone, Michael S MS, Lewis, Suzanna E SE and Thomas, Paul D PD.
  • 40. Expression of cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase in human pregnant myometrium and their roles in the control of uterine contractility., PloS one, You, Xing-Ji XJ and 8 more authors.
  • 41. MicroRNA-21 represses human cystathionine gamma-lyase expression by targeting at specificity protein-1 in smooth muscle cells., Journal of cellular physiology, Yang, Guangdong G, Pei, Yanxi Y, Cao, Qiuhui Q and Wang, Rui R.
  • 42. H2S-Induced sulfhydration of the phosphatase PTP1B and its role in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response., Science signaling, Krishnan, Navasona N, Fu, Cexiong C, Pappin, Darryl J DJ and Tonks, Nicholas K NK.
  • 43. Characterization of hydrogen sulfide and its synthases, cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase, in human prostatic tissue and cells., Urology, Guo, Hui H and 5 more authors.
  • 44. Sp1 is involved in regulation of cystathionine γ-lyase gene expression and biological function by PI3K/Akt pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines., Cellular signalling, Yin, Peng P and 12 more authors.
  • 45. H₂S protects against pressure overload-induced heart failure via upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase., Circulation, Kondo, Kazuhisa K and 14 more authors.
  • 46. Reduced cystathionine γ-lyase and increased miR-21 expression are associated with increased vascular resistance in growth-restricted pregnancies: hydrogen sulfide as a placental vasodilator., The American journal of pathology, Cindrova-Davies, Tereza T and 5 more authors.
  • 47. Dysregulation of hydrogen sulfide producing enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase contributes to maternal hypertension and placental abnormalities in preeclampsia., Circulation, Wang, Keqing K and 14 more authors.
  • 48. Regulation of cystathionine γ-lyase in mammalian cells by hypoxia., Biochemical genetics, Wang, Maoxian M, Guo, Zhanyun Z and Wang, Shilong S.
  • 49. A genome-wide association study of chemotherapy-induced alopecia in breast cancer patients., Breast cancer research : BCR, Chung, Suyoun S and 6 more authors.
  • 50. [Cystathionine γ-lyase]., Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej (Online), Jurkowska, Halina H, Kaczor-Kamińska, Marta M, Bronowicka-Adamska, Patrycja P and Wróbel, Maria M.
  • 51. Decreased cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) activity in livers of type 1 diabetic rats and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of type 1 diabetic patients., The Journal of biological chemistry, Manna, Prasenjit P, Gungor, Neslihan N, McVie, Robert R and Jain, Sushil K SK.
  • 52. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)/cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) pathway contributes to the proliferation of hepatoma cells., Mutation research, Pan, Yan Y and 5 more authors.
  • 53. The cystathionine γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide system maintains cellular glutathione status., The Biochemical journal, Lee, Zheng-Wei ZW, Low, Yi-Lian YL, Huang, Shufen S, Wang, Tianxiao T and Deng, Lih-Wen LW.
  • 54. The binding site for the transcription factor, NF-κB, on the cystathionine γ-lyase promoter is critical for LPS-induced cystathionine γ-lyase expression., International journal of molecular medicine, Wang, Maoxian M, Guo, Zhanyun Z and Wang, Shilong S.
  • 55. Regulation of cystathionine gamma-lyase/H₂S system and its pathological implication., Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), Zhao, Kexin K, Li, Hongzhu H, Li, Shuangshuang S and Yang, Guangdong G.
  • 56. Dysregulation of hydrogen sulphide metabolism impairs oviductal transport of embryos., Nature communications, Ning, Nannan N and 5 more authors.
  • 57. Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces the transcription of cystathionine-γ-lyase, a stimulator of tumor in colon cancer., Cellular signalling, Fan, Kun K and 7 more authors.
  • 58. miRNA-30 family inhibition protects against cardiac ischemic injury by regulating cystathionine-γ-lyase expression., Antioxidants & redox signaling, Shen, Yaqi Y and 7 more authors.
  • 59. Role of the cystathionine γ lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in human melanoma progression., Pigment cell & melanoma research, Panza, Elisabetta E and 11 more authors.
  • 60. A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network., Cell, Rolland, Thomas T and 69 more authors.
  • 61. Neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease involves loss of cystathionine γ-lyase., Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), Paul, Bindu D BD and Snyder, Solomon H SH.
  • 62. The importance of MTHFR, MTR, MTRR and CSE expression levels in Caucasian women with preeclampsia., European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, Agnieszka A and 6 more authors.
  • 63. The importance of rs1021737 and rs482843 polymorphisms of cystathionine gamma-lyase in the etiology of preeclampsia in the Caucasian population., Ginekologia polska, Mrozikiewicz, Przemysław M PM and 8 more authors.
  • 64. Cystathionine γ-lyase, a H2S-generating enzyme, is a GPBAR1-regulated gene and contributes to vasodilation caused by secondary bile acids., American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, Renga, Barbara B and 9 more authors.
  • 65. Correlation between the cystathionine-γ-lyase (CES) and the severity of peptic ulcer disease., African health sciences, Chen, Xiong X, Wan, Ying-Chun YC, Guo, Tao T, Xu, Can-Xia CX and Wang, Fen F.
  • 66. MPST but not CSE is the primary regulator of hydrogen sulfide production and function in the coronary artery., American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, Kuo, Maggie M MM and 10 more authors.
  • 67. Transcriptional Regulation of Cystathionine-γ-Lyase in Endothelial Cells by NADPH Oxidase 4-Dependent Signaling., The Journal of biological chemistry, Mistry, Rajesh K RK and 8 more authors.
  • 68. LPS Up-Regulates Cystathionine γ -Lyase Gene Expression in Primary Human Macrophages via NF-κB/ERK Pathway., Inflammation & allergy drug targets, Badiei, Alireza A, Gieseg, Steven S, Davies, Sian S, Izani Othman, Mohd M and Bhatia, Madhav M.
  • 69. Radiation Exposure Promotes Hepatocarcinoma Cell Invasion through Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Mediated by H2S/CSE Pathway., Radiation research, Pan, Yan Y, Zhou, Cuiping C, Yuan, Dexiao D, Zhang, Jianghong J and Shao, Chunlin C.
  • 70. Cystathionine γ-lyase(CSE)/hydrogen sulfide system is regulated by miR-216a and influences cholesterol efflux in macrophages via the PI3K/AKT/ABCA1 pathway., Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Gong, Duo D and 15 more authors.
  • 71. MicroRNA-186 promotes macrophage lipid accumulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by targeting cystathionine γ-lyase in THP-1 macrophages., Atherosclerosis, Yao, Yan Y and 9 more authors.
  • 72. Cystathionine γ-lyase is expressed in human atherosclerotic plaque microvessels and is involved in micro-angiogenesis., Scientific reports, van den Born, J C JC and 5 more authors.
  • 73. Dichotomous effects of isomeric secondary amines containing an aromatic nitrile and nitro group on human aortic smooth muscle cells via inhibition of cystathionine-γ-lyase., Biochimie, Ji, Yajing Y and 6 more authors.
  • 74. Distinctive expression pattern of cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase identifies mesenchymal stromal cells transition to mineralizing osteoblasts., Journal of cellular physiology, Gambari, Laura L and 6 more authors.
  • 75. Age-Dependent Allergic Asthma Development and Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Deficiency., Antioxidants & redox signaling, Wang, Peipei P and 6 more authors.
  • 76. Augmented H2S production via cystathionine-beta-synthase upregulation plays a role in pregnancy-associated uterine vasodilation., Biology of reproduction, Sheibani, Lili L and 7 more authors.
  • 77. Total sulfane sulfur bioavailability reflects ethnic and gender disparities in cardiovascular disease., Redox biology, Rajpal, Saurabh S and 12 more authors.
  • 78. Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides., Gene, Maruyama, K K and Sugano, S S.

Application Protocols

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Tested applications (WB, IHC, IF, FC, enzyme assays, etc.): Not specified for this item.
• Recommended dilutions/controls: Not specified for this item.

General HTS/assay workflow guidance (for small-molecule ligands)

• Prepare a 10 mM DMSO stock; verify solubility visually and by LC–MS.
• Perform serial dilutions in DMSO, then dilute into assay buffer to reach final DMSO ≤0.5% v/v.
• Include vehicle controls, positive/reference controls (if known for your target), and counter-assays to detect interference.
• Run duplicates or triplicates and include inter-plate standard curves to normalize day-to-day variability.
• For cell assays, confirm absence of cytotoxicity at active concentrations using an orthogonal viability assay (e.g., resazurin, CellTiter-Glo), as appropriate.

Documentation

• Record lot number, preparation date, solvent, and concentration on all aliquots/plates. Archive raw spectra (LC–MS/NMR) for the lot used in key experiments.

Note: No item-specific protocols are claimed or provided beyond research-use suitability.

Biological Roles

Item-specific (Product Data)

• No target, pathway, or mode-of-action information is provided for ARL-15849. Use is restricted to research only.

General considerations for small-molecule ligands in research

• Potential roles: reversible binding to enzymes, receptors, transporters, or nucleic acids, leading to modulation of biochemical pathways in cell-free or cellular systems.
• Properties influencing biological behavior: ionization state (pKa), lipophilicity (logD at assay pH), polar surface area, and H-bonding—all determine permeability, efflux susceptibility, and non-specific binding.
• Off-target risks: aggregation, redox cycling, metal chelation, and photoreactivity may drive false positives; incorporate controls (detergent, catalase, counterscreens) as appropriate.

Recommended practices

• Perform concentration–response curves with sufficient top concentration to define plateau effects while monitoring cytotoxicity.
• Confirm activity in orthogonal assay formats to deconvolute reporter interference.
• Evaluate chemical stability in assay media over time (e.g., 0–24 h at 37 °C) via LC–MS to ensure the active entity is the parent molecule.

Note

• Without structure- or target-level data, no specific biological function can be assigned. Researchers should establish on-target relevance through genetic controls, chemoproteomics, or competition assays as appropriate for their system.

Buffer Applications

Applicability

• ARL-15849 is a small-molecule library member rather than a buffering reagent. It is not intended to establish or maintain pH.

Practical guidance for using small molecules in buffered assays (general)

• Choose buffers with minimal compound interaction: HEPES, PBS, or Tris are common for biochemical/cellular assays. Verify that buffer components do not chelate or react with the compound.
• Control DMSO concentration: keep constant across wells (commonly 0.1–0.5% v/v) to avoid vehicle effects.
• pH effects: For ionizable compounds, assay near physiological pH (7.2–7.5) unless mechanism dictates otherwise; if solubility is limiting, pre-dissolve in DMSO and perform serial dilution directly into buffer to avoid precipitation.
• Light sensitivity: If the compound has chromophores (unknown here), protect plates/tubes from light to minimize photodegradation and photo-assay artifacts.

Not item-specific

• Buffer capacities, recipes, and pKa values are not provided for this product because it is not a buffer component. Refer to your assay SOPs for buffer preparation details.

Green Alternatives

Context

• As a discrete small molecule, ARL-15849 itself is not a solvent or reagent typically replaced by a greener substitute. However, greener choices can be made for solvents and workflows used with it.

Greener solvent choices (general guidance)

• DMSO vs. DMF/DMAc/NMP: Prefer DMSO for stock solutions where feasible; it has lower chronic toxicity concerns and good biodegradability compared with polar aprotic amide solvents.
• MeOH/EtOH/IPA vs. MeCN/CH2Cl2: For preparative handling and cleanup, consider alcohols or ethyl acetate over acetonitrile or chlorinated solvents, provided solubility and assay compatibility are maintained.
• 2-MeTHF or CPME vs. THF/Et2O: For any synthesis/derivatization work, safer ethers may reduce peroxide risk and improve EHS profiles.

Operational improvements

• Minimize DMSO concentration in biological assays (≤0.1–0.5% v/v when possible) to reduce environmental load and cellular confounders.
• Use microscale formats and high-density plates to cut solvent consumption.
• Employ aqueous buffers and volatile mobile phases (H2O–MeOH/MeCN with formic acid or ammonium salts) for LC–MS to ease waste handling.

Comparison snapshot (general)

• DMSO: broad solubility, lower volatility; greener than DMF/NMP but may affect some assays at >1%.
• EtOAc: biodegradable, low toxicity; limited for highly polar compounds.
• 2-MeTHF: biorenewable, good performance in extractions and some reactions; immiscible with water.

Always balance EHS benefits against performance and data quality requirements.

Pharmaceutical Uses

Applicability

• No pharmacopeial status, excipient role, or formulation guidance is provided for ARL-15849. This product is supplied for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary applications.

General notes for discovery-stage small molecules (non-clinical)

• Preformulation screening in research contexts may include solubility in common vehicles (PEG400, Captisol, aqueous buffers with co-solvents) and stability profiling; however, such activities are outside the scope of this listing and require in-house validation.
• No claims are made regarding GMP status, ICH impurity thresholds, or regulatory compliance. Do not use for API development without appropriate qualification and sourcing.

Lab handling considerations

• If used in in vitro ADME assays (e.g., microsomes, plasma stability), ensure stocks are prepared in suitable vehicles (typically DMSO) and diluted to vehicle-tolerant levels.
• Avoid extrapolation of any in vitro findings to therapeutic applications; additional safety, PK, and efficacy studies would be required in separate workflows.

Summary

• Pharmaceutical/formulation uses are not applicable to this catalog entry. For any application beyond exploratory research, obtain detailed specifications and regulatory-grade material from appropriate suppliers.

Physical Properties

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Physical constants (literature/general guidance; not item specifications)

• Melting point (typical for many screening library solids): often 80–250 °C, but compound-dependent.
• Boiling point: rarely applicable for polyfunctional solids; thermal decomposition may occur before boiling under ambient pressure.
• Density: typically 1.0–1.5 g/mL for organic solids/oils, but structure-dependent.
• LogP/logD and pKa: critical for solubility and assay design; determine experimentally or via computation (e.g., shake-flask logP, potentiometric pKa, or ACD/Marvin calculations).
• UV–Vis: many drug-like small molecules have absorbance between 190–350 nm; an empirical scan in your assay buffer is recommended to set plate reader wavelengths and to assess interference.
• Solubility: DMSO is commonly used for stock solutions (1–100 mM). Aqueous solubility often increases with co-solvent and pH adjustment for ionizable compounds.

Practical characterization (recommended)

• Record DSC/TGA to identify phase transitions and thermal stability.
• Determine water content (Karl Fischer) if hygroscopicity is suspected.
• Establish an LC method (UV and MS detection) to quantify purity and monitor stability in storage and in assay media.

Note: In the absence of item-specific property data above, rely on your internal characterization and the product CoA/Spec Sheet for authoritative values.

Quality and Grades

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Grade: Moligand™ (screening-library grade)
• Purity specification, stabilizers, metal/halide limits, residual solvents, or UV cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

What Moligand™ typically conveys (general guidance)

• Intended for hit-finding, SAR, and target validation workflows rather than as a pharmacopeial reference standard. Emphasis is typically on identity confirmation and chromatographic purity suitable for bioassays.
• UV profile and trace impurity ceilings are usually compatible with common assay readouts (absorbance, fluorescence, MS), but confirm experimentally.

Quality verification recommended for screening compounds

• Identity: LC–MS with HRMS confirmation; 1H NMR for structural features; optional 13C NMR for comprehensive confirmation.
• Purity: Reported by area% LC at a defined method. Verify method details (column, gradient, detection wavelength). Orthogonal purity checks (qNMR) are beneficial for quantitative biology.
• Solid-form considerations: If polymorphism or solvate formation is plausible, verify by PXRD/DSC; this can impact solubility and assay reproducibility.

Notes on grade vs. application

• For quantitative biophysical measurements (ITC, SPR) or in vivo-like stability studies, consider additional purification or fresh requalification.
• If you require analytical-reagent (AR) or HPLC grade solvents/reagents for work-up with this item, select accordingly; this listing does not imply solvent grades.

Refer to the product’s CoA/Spec Sheet for item-specific acceptance criteria and analytical methods.

Reaction and Applications

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Manufacturer applications: Not specified for this item; the product is categorized as a small-molecule/compound library member for research use only.

Research applications (general for Moligand™ screening compounds)

• Primary use: chemical biology and early discovery, including high-throughput screening (HTS), fragment-to-lead, or ligand/target validation studies.
• Biophysical/biochemical assays: enzyme inhibition/activation panels, receptor binding, thermal shift (DSF), SPR, MST, ITC—subject to solubility and stability in assay buffers.
• Cell-based readouts: pathway modulation and phenotypic screens where compound permeability and cytotoxicity are empirically determined.

Assay optimization tips

• Start with a 10 mM DMSO stock; confirm absence of aggregates (detergent controls, dynamic light scattering) at active concentrations.
• Evaluate redox activity or assay interference (PAINS-style substructure checks, UV/fluorescence overlap with reporter wavelengths, detergent sensitivity, metal chelation artifacts).
• Run orthogonal assays to verify on-target effects and avoid mechanism-of-assay artifacts.

Synthetic follow-up (general)

• If ARL-15849 yields a tractable signal, procure fresh lots, re-verify purity/identity, and consider analoging for preliminary SAR. Standard medicinal chemistry tactics (scaffold modification, polarity tuning, IP-friendly space exploration) apply once the structural class is confirmed from CoA.

Note: No specific transformation chemistry is claimed for this item due to absent structural details.

Reaction Conditions

Item-specific (Product Data)

• No reaction-related conditions are provided for ARL-15849.

General conditions for handling small-molecule screening compounds

• Stock preparation: Dissolve in anhydrous DMSO at 10–50 mM; vortex and, if needed, sonicate briefly. Warm gently (25–40 °C) to aid dissolution, avoiding prolonged heating.
• Aqueous dilution: Add DMSO stocks to pre-equilibrated buffer with thorough mixing to prevent local supersaturation; maintain consistent DMSO across samples.
• Stability checks: Incubate representative solutions under assay conditions (e.g., 37 °C, 0–24 h) and analyze by LC–MS to confirm integrity.

If using as a synthetic substrate/intermediate (only after structure is known)

• Select solvent, base/acid, and temperature based on functional groups present. Typical ranges:
  • Couplings: 25–100 °C in MeCN/1,4-dioxane/2-MeTHF with Pd or Cu catalysts.
  • Nucleophilic substitutions or condensations: 0–80 °C in MeOH/EtOH/DMF as appropriate.
• Expected yields and times are scaffold-dependent; conduct small-scale scouting with TLC/LC–MS monitoring.

Controls against artifacts in assays

• Include detergent (e.g., 0.01% Triton X-100) tests to detect aggregation-based inhibition.
• Use redox and fluorescence interference counterscreens where applicable.

Note: The above are general best practices and not specifications for this item.

Safety and Handling

Item-specific (Product Data)

• GHS classification, signal word, pictograms, and H-statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Storage condition (as shipped): Room temperature.
• Research use: For research use only.

General laboratory safety (applicable to small-molecule solids)

• PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and appropriate chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile). Handle powders in a fume hood to avoid inhalation of dust/aerosols.
• Avoid contact with skin and eyes; do not ingest or inhale. Wash thoroughly after handling.
• Incompatibilities: until specific functionality is known, segregate from strong oxidizers and strong acids/bases. Avoid uncontrolled heating.
• First aid (overview; defer to SDS): If on skin/eyes, rinse with water for ≥15 min. If inhaled, move to fresh air. If ingested, seek medical attention. Provide SDS to responders.
• Spill response: For small spills, gently cover with absorbent (avoid creating dust), collect for disposal. Ventilated handling recommended.
• Waste disposal: Treat as organic chemical waste; follow institutional and local regulations. Do not discharge to drains.

Stability considerations (general)

• Many discovery compounds may be sensitive to moisture, light, or oxidation. If degradation is suspected (new LC–MS peaks, color change), prepare fresh solutions and consider inert-atmosphere storage.

Always consult the product SDS for authoritative hazard, toxicological, and response information.

Solvent Selection

Item-specific (Product Data)

• No compound-specific solubility or polarity data provided; consult CoA/Spec Sheet.

General solvent strategy for small-molecule screening compounds

• Primary stock solvent: DMSO (anhydrous) is typically first choice due to broad solubilizing power and assay compatibility. Prepare 10–50 mM stocks unless solubility is limiting.
• Cosolvent systems for assay media: 0.1–1% v/v DMSO in aqueous buffers is common. If precipitation occurs, consider adding co-solvents (<=5% v/v) such as ethanol or acetonitrile while confirming assay tolerance.
• pH adjustment: For ionizable molecules, aqueous solubility may increase at pH ≥2 units from pKa. Use volatile buffers (e.g., ammonium bicarbonate) for MS workflows.
• Less polar options: If poorly soluble, test acetone, MeCN, MeOH, IPA, or EtOAc. Avoid chlorinated solvents in biological assays unless strictly necessary and compatible.

Practical tips

• Perform a solubility screen (nephelometry or visual) at working concentrations in the exact assay buffer.
• Filter stocks (0.2 µm PTFE for organic; 0.2 µm nylon/PES for aqueous) to remove particulates before HTS.
• Check for compound adsorption to plastics; low-binding polypropylene plates/tubes can reduce loss for hydrophobic molecules.
• Assess compound stability in chosen solvent by LC–MS over the assay timeframe (watch for hydrolysis or oxidation).

Storage and Reconstitution

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Storage conditions: Room temperature.
• Shipped in: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General best practices for small-molecule library compounds

• Solid storage: Keep tightly capped in a dry, dark place. Use desiccant and, if feasible, an inert atmosphere (argon/nitrogen) to limit hydrolysis/oxidation for sensitive scaffolds.
• Solution storage: Prepare concentrated DMSO stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM). Aliquot into amber vials or plates to minimize headspace and freeze–thaw cycles. Many compounds remain stable for months at −20 to −80 °C in dry DMSO, but confirm by LC–MS.
• Reconstitution workflow:
  • Bring vial to ambient temperature in a desiccator before opening to avoid moisture uptake.
  • Add a measured volume of anhydrous DMSO to reach target molarity; vortex until fully dissolved. Brief sonication can help for sluggish dissolution.
  • If aqueous working solutions are required, dilute DMSO stocks into buffer with vigorous mixing; inspect for precipitation.
• Stability checks: Periodically re-test stock concentration/purity by LC–UV/MS, especially after prolonged storage or multiple freeze–thaw events.

Labeling

• Include concentration, solvent, date, and lot on all containers. Note any observed sensitivity (light/moisture) once determined experimentally.

For authoritative instructions specific to this item’s lot, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet.

Structure and Identity

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Product name: ARL-15849 (SKU: rp173495)
• CAS: 152548-39-5
• PubChem CID: 177939
• Grade: Moligand™ (screening-library grade)
• Storage: Room temperature
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Structural features (general guidance)

• The detailed 2D/3D structure, functional groups, and stereochemistry are not provided in the current listing. For definitive identity attributes (connectivity, stereochemical descriptors, tautomeric form), consult the product’s Certificate of Analysis (CoA), Spec Sheet, or the PubChem CID 177939 entry.

How to describe the 2D structure (general/literature guidance)

• When available, summarize: ring systems (aromatic/heteroaromatic), heteroatoms (N, O, S, halogens), ionizable centers, and any chiral centers or atropisomerism.
• Indicate pharmacophore-relevant motifs (e.g., H-bond donors/acceptors, cation–π features) to aid assay planning and solubility/ionization predictions.

Identity verification (general best practices)

• Cross-check CAS, CID, and InChIKey across independent databases.
• Confirm by orthogonal analysis (1H/13C NMR, HRMS, LC–MS retention time and purity method, and, where relevant, IR or elemental analysis).

Synthetic Utility

Applicability

• Structural details for ARL-15849 are not provided in this listing; therefore, specific functional-group transformations or named-reaction suitability cannot be claimed for this item.

General guidance for leveraging screening compounds synthetically

• If ARL-15849 is identified as a hit, obtain its full structural information (CoA/Spec Sheet and primary literature or CID data). With structure in hand, plan SAR by:
  • Modulating polarity (bioisosteres for heteroatoms, ring substitutions).
  • Exploring vector growth from solvent-exposed positions identified by docking or co-crystal structures.
  • Addressing metabolic liabilities (block benzylic oxidation, dealkylation sites) once metabolite ID is known.
• Typical toolbox transformations (once the scaffold is known) may include cross-couplings (Suzuki–Miyaura, Buchwald–Hartwig), heterocycle functionalization, and late-stage diversification (C–H activation, Minisci), subject to the scaffold’s compatibility.

Analytical support

• Implement robust analytics (LC–MS, qNMR) to quantify reaction outcomes and impurity profiles during analog synthesis.

Note

• Without functional-group information, no reaction scope or selectivity guidance can be given for this specific item. Treat the present material as a validated starting point for biological testing rather than a synthetic intermediate until structure is confirmed.

Target Specificity

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Target, pathway, or MOA: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet or primary literature associated with CAS 152548-39-5 / CID 177939 if available.

Comments

• Without validated target information, ARL-15849 should be treated as a non-annotated screening compound. Any observed bioactivity must be corroborated through orthogonal assays and, where possible, target-engagement measurements (e.g., CETSA, SPR, pull-downs) to establish specificity.