TXK Mouse mAb: Specificity, Applications & Protocol Guide

TXK Mouse mAb is a monoclonal antibody raised in mouse and specifically targeting TXK, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase of the TEC family involved in T-cell signaling and immune regulation.

Product SKU

Ab351111

Clone Host Species

Mouse

Antibody Format

Monoclonal antibody (mAb)

Formulation

PBS only (no carrier protein, no azide)

Target Protein

TXK (Tyrosine kinase non-receptor, TEC family member)

Reference Catalog

absea #KC-654

TXK Biology and Research Significance

TXK (also known as RLK) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase belonging to the TEC family, which includes BTK, ITK, TEC, and BMX. TXK is predominantly expressed in T lymphocytes, particularly in Th1 CD4+ T cells, where it plays a critical role in downstream signaling from the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon TCR engagement, TXK participates in the activation of phospholipase C-γ1 (PLCγ1), contributing to calcium mobilization, NFAT activation, and subsequent cytokine production such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ).

Unlike other TEC family members, TXK lacks a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and instead contains a cysteine-rich region that mediates membrane association, making its regulation distinct from BTK or ITK. Research into TXK is relevant to understanding T-cell-mediated immunity, autoimmune disease mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory conditions.

Antibody Specifications and Formulation

The TXK Mouse mAb (SKU: Ab351111) is a mouse-derived monoclonal antibody targeting human TXK protein. It is supplied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) only, without the addition of carrier proteins such as BSA or stabilizers such as sodium azide. This formulation ensures maximum compatibility with downstream conjugation chemistries, direct labeling procedures, and functional assays where carrier proteins or preservatives could interfere.

The PBS-only format also facilitates direct use in applications sensitive to extraneous protein, such as co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) or proximity ligation assays (PLA). Researchers should aliquot and store the antibody appropriately to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which can diminish antibody activity over time.

Reference catalog: absea #KC-654.

Recommended Applications and Usage Guidelines

Mouse monoclonal antibodies against TXK are broadly suitable for immunological detection and characterization assays. Common applications for this class of antibody include:

• Western Blotting (WB): Detection of TXK protein expression in cell lysates from T-cell lines or primary T lymphocytes.
• Immunoprecipitation (IP): Isolation of TXK protein complexes to study interaction partners in T-cell signaling cascades.
• Immunofluorescence (IF): Visualization of TXK subcellular localization in fixed and permeabilized T cells.
• Flow Cytometry (FC): Intracellular staining for TXK expression profiling across T-cell subsets.
• ELISA: Quantitative or semi-quantitative detection in appropriate sandwich or capture formats.

Optimal antibody dilutions, incubation times, and blocking conditions should be empirically determined for each application and sample type. Please contact Aladdin Scientific technical support for application-specific recommendations.

Storage, Handling, and Quality Considerations

As with all monoclonal antibody reagents supplied in PBS-only format, proper storage is essential to maintain product integrity. General best practices include:

• Store at 4°C for short-term use (up to 4 weeks).
• For long-term storage, aliquot and freeze at −20°C or −80°C to prevent repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
• Avoid exposure to direct light; store in opaque or foil-wrapped containers where possible.
• Do not add sodium azide as a preservative if downstream functional or cell-based assays are planned, as azide is cytotoxic and can inhibit peroxidase-based detection systems.

Because the formulation contains no carrier protein, concentration by ultrafiltration or adsorption losses on plastic surfaces may be more pronounced at very low antibody concentrations. Researchers should use low-binding tubes and pipette tips when working with highly diluted aliquots.

Frequently asked questions

What is TXK and why is it an important research target?

TXK is a TEC-family non-receptor tyrosine kinase expressed predominantly in Th1 T lymphocytes, where it mediates downstream T-cell receptor signaling, cytokine production, and immune activation. It is studied for its roles in autoimmune diseases and T-cell-mediated inflammatory responses, making it a relevant target for immunology and drug discovery research.

Why is the TXK Mouse mAb supplied in PBS only, without BSA or azide?

The PBS-only formulation ensures the antibody is compatible with a wider range of downstream applications, including direct fluorescent or enzymatic conjugation, co-immunoprecipitation, and cell-based assays where extraneous proteins or cytotoxic preservatives like sodium azide could cause interference or toxicity. Researchers requiring longer storage should aliquot and freeze the antibody rather than relying on azide as a preservative.

Which cell lines or tissue types are recommended for validating TXK Mouse mAb?

TXK is predominantly expressed in T lymphocytes, so Jurkat cells (human T-cell leukemia line) and primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated toward Th1 differentiation are commonly used positive control sources. Tissues rich in T cells, such as spleen or lymph node lysates, may also serve as appropriate positive controls. Negative controls should include cell lines known to lack TXK expression.

How should I determine the optimal working dilution for TXK Mouse mAb?

Optimal working dilutions must be determined empirically for each application, detection system, and sample type. It is recommended to start with a titration series (e.g., 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000 for Western blotting) using a positive control lysate or sample, then select the dilution that gives the strongest specific signal with the lowest background. Contact Aladdin Scientific technical support for guidance specific to your experimental setup.

References

1. Mano H. et al. Cloning and characterization of RLK, a novel protein tyrosine kinase expressed predominantly in T-cells. Oncogene. 1993.
2. Schaeffer EM, Schwartzberg PL. Tec family kinases in lymphocyte signaling and function. Current Opinion in Immunology. 2000.
3. Brodie EJ, Infantino S, Low MSY, Tarlinton DM. Lyn, Lupus, and (B) Lymphocytes, a Lesson on the Critical Balance of Kinase Signaling in Immunity. Frontiers in Immunology. 2018.

Products are supplied for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.