Is based on the working principle of flow cytometry designed for urine sediment analysis, this type of instrument is less expensive, higher analytical efficiency, urine specimens can be used without centrifugation, mainly for the analysis of the cellular components of urine (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and epithelial cells), this type of instrument not only determines the number of cells, but also measures the cell volume and classification of certain cells, such as the determination of the urinary red blood cell volume (MCV) and volume distribution For example, the determination of erythrocyte volume (MCV) and volume distribution density (RDVV) in urine can help to identify the source of erythrocytes, (upper or lower urinary tract bleeding), and the classification and counting of lymphocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils in urinary leukocytes, which is important for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of urinary tract infections and renal transplantation rejection, The experiment is derived from the 5-year undergraduate clinical laboratory instruction of Mudanjiang Medical College.
Operation method
Quantitative analysis of urinary precipitation experiment
Principle
First, urine sediment analyzer method (a), flow cytometer method: is based on the working principle of flow cytometry designed for urine sediment analysis and design, this type of instrument is less expensive, higher analytical efficiency, urine specimens can be used without centrifugation, mainly used for the analysis of urinary cellular components (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and epithelial cells), this type of instrument not only determines the number of cells, but also measure the volume of the cells and the classification of some cells These instruments can not only measure cell counts, but also cell volume and classification of certain cells, such as the measurement of urine erythrocyte volume (MCV) and volume-distributed density (RDVV), which can help identify the source of erythrocytes, (upper or lower urinary tract hemorrhage) in the urine leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils, classification count, which is important for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections and rejection of renal transplants, and differential diagnosis. However, this type of instrument is not yet able to measure other formed components other than cells such as tubular patterns, meaningful crystals, etc. (B) graphic identification method of agricultural university instruments is the main representative of the automatic intelligent microscope. This instrument is mainly under the microscope plus ① sheath flow (sheath flow) way of flow flow device, ② high-speed flash source and TV camera optical system ③ computer image analysis of these three parts. The principle of work is to mix urine (6ml or more) liquid into the specimen entrance of the instrument, through the coarse mesh filter. To remove mucus filaments and other things, automatically add staining solution, stained urine into the sheath flow of liquid, with a flat flow pool for laminar flow of urine in the formation of shunt to the microscope field of view, 60 times per second of high-frequency flashes as a light source, by the TV camera to get a continuous static image, with a computer to the TV image of the morphology of the size of the particles (500-2000) A computer classifies the morphology and size of the particles (500-2000) in the TV image (comparing them with the stored morphology data of tubular types, epithelial cells, erythrocytes, and leukocytes, etc.), and calculates their respective wavinesses, and the abnormal particles are judged by eye from the surveillance mirror or videotaped for further study. This instrument can detect 60 urine specimens per hour, the instrument is more expensive. Second, the application of quantitative analysis of urine sediment plate method of some countries in Europe and the United States have introduced quantitative analysis of urine sediment plate for urine sediment test, the system includes: 1. Urinary sediment centrifuge tube: a centrifuge tube designed for urine sediment analysis, with a declared scale, can be placed in 10 ml of urine, the bottom of the tube there is a convex convex head, when pouring off the centrifuged supernatant urine, in the convex convex head of the urine sediment will not flow out, leaving the urine sediment is 0.25 The urine sediment is 0.25 ml (can also be used as a substitute for a variable centrifuge tube). 2. urine sediment quantitative analysis plate (rigid plastic plate) each analysis plate has 10 uniform thickness (0.1 mm) calculation pools, each calculation pool has a fixed volume (1 microliter) of the calculation area (the calculation area is divided into 10 medium squares, and each medium square is divided into 9 small squares) Move 1, take 10 ml of uniform mixed urine in the urine sediment centrifuge tube 1500 r/min centrifugation 5 minutes, pour off the supernatant. For more product details, please visit Aladdin Scientific website.
2. Take 1 small drop (15-20 microliters) of urine sediment and flush it into a counting cell of the quantitative analysis plate, then observe it with low magnification and count it with high magnification, and calculate the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells and various types of tubular patterns within 1 microliter counting area.
In some countries, mixed urine without centrifugation is also used, which is flushed into the counting cell of the quantitative analysis plate, and the number of the above mentioned formed components in the urine sediment is counted in the counting zone.
Urine sediment quantitative analysis plate microscopic examination, has a very good application value, can be measured at a time 10 urine specimens, the operation is simple.