Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein: Properties & Research Guide

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein is a research-grade enzyme reagent that enables scientists to investigate gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 activity, leukotriene catabolism, and glutathione metabolism in biochemical and cell-based assay systems.

Product Name

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein

SKU

rp366051

Protein Family

Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) family

Primary Biological Function

Catalyzes the transfer of gamma-glutamyl groups; involved in leukotriene D4 degradation and glutathione metabolism

Expression System

Recombinant (refer to product datasheet for host system details)

Research Applications

Leukotriene metabolism, oxidative stress, glutathione pathway, enzyme activity assays

Supplier

Aladdin Scientific

What Is GGT5 and Why Does It Matter?

Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 (GGT5), also known as leukotrienase or gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase, is a member of the gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme family. These enzymes catalyze the cleavage and transfer of gamma-glutamyl functional groups from gamma-glutamyl-containing peptides and compounds to acceptor molecules.

GGT5 plays a particularly important role in the metabolism of cysteinyl leukotrienes, most notably leukotriene C4 (LTC4), converting it to leukotriene D4 (LTD4) by cleaving the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione. This step is a critical part of the arachidonic acid cascade and is directly relevant to inflammatory signaling, asthma, and allergic disease research. GGT5 is also implicated in glutathione homeostasis and the cellular response to oxidative stress.

Understanding the activity of GGT5 at the molecular level is valuable for researchers studying inflammatory pathways, pulmonary biology, and drug targets related to leukotriene receptor antagonism.

Protein Characteristics and Quality Attributes

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein (rp366051) from Aladdin Scientific is produced using recombinant expression technology to ensure consistency and reproducibility across experiments. As with all GGT family members, GGT5 is synthesized as a precursor that undergoes autocatalytic processing to yield a heterodimeric form composed of a heavy (large) subunit and a light (small) subunit, which together constitute the active enzyme.

Key quality considerations for recombinant GGT5 include:

• Purity: Research-grade recombinant proteins are typically assessed by SDS-PAGE and may be further characterized by Western blot or HPLC. Refer to the product datasheet for lot-specific purity data.
• Biological Activity: Enzymatic activity should be confirmed using a validated substrate-based assay (e.g., hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide or a leukotriene substrate) as specified in the datasheet.
• Formulation: The protein is supplied in a stabilizing buffer to maintain activity. Check the current Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for exact formulation details.
• Endotoxin Level: For cell-based assays, endotoxin testing is important. Consult the product datasheet for endotoxin specifications.

All lot-specific data, including purity, activity, and formulation, are provided in the accompanying Certificate of Analysis.

Research Applications

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein is suitable for a range of in vitro research applications, including but not limited to:

• Enzyme Activity Assays: Measure gamma-glutamyltransferase activity using colorimetric or fluorometric substrates to characterize inhibitors, activators, or the effect of experimental conditions on enzyme kinetics.
• Leukotriene Metabolism Studies: Investigate the conversion of LTC4 to LTD4 in cell-free systems, supporting research into inflammatory disease mechanisms, including asthma and allergy.
• Glutathione Pathway Research: Study the role of GGT5 in gamma-glutamyl cycle regulation, oxidative stress responses, and amino acid transport.
• Drug Discovery and Inhibitor Screening: Use as a target enzyme in high-throughput screens for novel inhibitors relevant to leukotriene-driven pathologies.
• Structural and Biochemical Studies: Serve as a reference protein for structural biology, antibody validation, or comparative enzymatic studies within the GGT family.
• Western Blot and ELISA Standards: Employ as a positive control or standard in immunodetection assays targeting GGT5.

Handling, Storage, and Reconstitution Guidelines

Proper handling and storage of Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein are essential to preserve enzymatic activity and ensure reliable experimental results. Follow the guidelines below and always refer to the product-specific datasheet and Certificate of Analysis for authoritative instructions.

Storage

• Store lyophilized or liquid protein at the temperature specified on the datasheet (typically −20 °C or −80 °C for long-term storage).
• Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, as these can denature the protein and reduce enzymatic activity. Aliquot upon first thaw.
• Liquid formulations should be kept on ice during use and returned to the appropriate storage temperature promptly.

Reconstitution (Lyophilized Format)

• Allow the vial to equilibrate to room temperature before opening.
• Reconstitute with the volume and solvent specified in the datasheet (typically sterile ultrapure water or a provided reconstitution buffer).
• Gently mix by pipetting; do not vortex vigorously, as this may cause protein aggregation.
• Allow complete dissolution for several minutes before use.

Working Concentration

• Optimal working concentrations should be determined empirically for each assay system. Consult the datasheet for recommended starting concentrations.

Carrier Protein Addition

• For dilute solutions, consider adding a carrier protein (e.g., 0.1% BSA) to minimize adsorption to tube surfaces and prevent activity loss.

Ordering and Technical Support

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein is available from Aladdin Scientific under SKU rp366051. To place an order or request a bulk quotation, contact your regional Aladdin Scientific representative or use the online ordering portal.

Technical Documentation: The full product datasheet, Certificate of Analysis (CoA), and Safety Data Sheet (SDS) are available for download on the product page. Always verify that you are using the CoA corresponding to your specific lot number.

Technical Support: For application-specific questions, reconstitution assistance, or troubleshooting, contact the Aladdin Scientific technical support team. Provide your lot number and a description of your experimental setup for the most efficient assistance.

Regulatory Statement: This product is intended for research use only (RUO) and is not approved for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical use in humans or animals.

Frequently asked questions

What is the biological function of GGT5?

GGT5 (gamma-glutamyltransferase 5) catalyzes the transfer of gamma-glutamyl groups from substrates such as leukotriene C4 (LTC4), converting it to leukotriene D4 (LTD4). This enzymatic step is central to cysteinyl leukotriene metabolism and is relevant to inflammatory signaling pathways associated with asthma and allergic responses. GGT5 also participates in glutathione catabolism and amino acid transport via the gamma-glutamyl cycle.

How should Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein be stored to maintain activity?

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein should be stored according to the temperature conditions specified on the product datasheet, typically at -20°C or -80°C for long-term storage. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided; aliquot the protein upon first thaw. During use, keep liquid formulations on ice and minimize time at room temperature to prevent activity loss.

What assay formats are compatible with Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein?

Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein is compatible with enzyme activity assays (colorimetric or fluorometric substrate-based), leukotriene metabolism assays in cell-free systems, Western blot as a positive control or protein standard, ELISA-based quantification, and inhibitor screening assays. Optimal concentrations and conditions should be determined empirically for each assay format.

Is Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein suitable for clinical or diagnostic use?

No. Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein (rp366051) from Aladdin Scientific is intended for research use only (RUO). It has not been evaluated or approved for use in diagnostic procedures, therapeutic applications, or clinical testing in humans or animals.

How does GGT5 differ from other GGT family members such as GGT1?

While GGT1 is the predominant gamma-glutamyltransferase expressed ubiquitously and is responsible for the majority of systemic glutathione metabolism, GGT5 (also called leukotrienase) exhibits a more restricted tissue expression pattern and has a preferential substrate specificity for leukotriene C4, making it particularly relevant in the context of inflammatory and allergic disease biology. Both enzymes share structural homology as GGT family heterodimers but differ in expression, substrate preference, and physiological roles.

References

1. Aladdin Scientific Product Page: Recombinant Human GGT5 Protein, SKU rp366051.
2. Hanigan MH. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: redox regulation and drug resistance. Adv Cancer Res. 2014;122:103-141.
3. Carter BZ, Wiseman AL, Orkiszewski R, et al. Metabolism of leukotriene C4 in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. J Biol Chem. 1997;272(18):12305-12310.
4. Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Warburton D, Sneddon TP. The human gamma-glutamyltransferase gene family. Hum Genet. 2008;123(4):321-332.

Products are supplied for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.