GLP-1R modulator C5 - Moligand™, 10 mM in DMSO , CAS No.421578-93-0

CAS: 421578-93-0 Cat. No.: G1496932 Formula: C₂₄H₂₁NO₃ Molecular Weight: 371.43

GRADE & PURITY Moligand™, 10 mM in DMSO

Storage

Store at -80°C

Shipped In

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

Overview

GLP-1R modulator C5 is an allosteric modulator enhancing GLP-1 binding to GLP-1R via a transmembrane site ( EC 50 1.59 ± 0.53 μM).

Specifications

Specifications & Purity

Moligand™, 10 mM in DMSO

Storage

Store at -80°C

Shipped In

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Grade

Moligand™

Action Type

MODULATOR

Names and Identifiers

Molecular Weight

371.43

Application Protocols

No tested applications or protocols are provided in the Product Data for GLP-1R modulator C5. Please refer to the CoA/Spec Sheet for any item-specific guidance.

General considerations (not item-specific; for planning only)

• Biochemical/cellular assays: prepare DMSO stock solutions, perform serial dilutions, and maintain constant vehicle across wells. Include positive controls (e.g., GLP-1 peptide) and negative controls.
• Data analysis: fit concentration–response curves with four-parameter logistic models; for allosteric modulators, consider operational allosteric models to quantify cooperativity and efficacy shifts.

Note: The above is general methodology and not a validated protocol for this specific item.

Biological Roles

Class/context (not item-specific; no clinical claims)

• The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein–coupled receptor predominantly signaling via Gs, elevating intracellular cAMP and engaging downstream pathways such as PKA and EPAC. Ligand binding can also recruit β-arrestins, modulate ERK phosphorylation, and drive receptor internalization.
• Small-molecule GLP-1R modulators may function as positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), negative allosteric modulators (NAMs), or biased agonists/partial agonists, influencing efficacy, potency, and pathway bias in the presence or absence of peptide agonists.
• These tools enable interrogation of:
  • Allosteric cooperativity with endogenous peptides.
  • Bias profiles between G protein vs β-arrestin pathways.
  • Receptor desensitization and trafficking via live-cell imaging or BRET/FRET readouts.

Use-cases in discovery biology

• Benchmark receptor modulation in heterologous expression systems (e.g., HEK293, CHO) with validated GLP-1R constructs.
• Map preliminary structure–activity relationships (SAR) when combined with analog series.
• Deconvolve off-target effects using counter-screens across related class B GPCRs and unrelated pathways.

Note: Specific potency, efficacy, and binding mode for GLP-1R modulator C5 are not provided in the Product Data; consult the CoA or request additional technical documentation.

Buffer Applications

This product is a small-molecule target modulator rather than a buffering agent. Therefore, it does not have intrinsic buffering applications. For experimental use:

• Prepare assay buffers suitable for GPCR signaling studies (e.g., HEPES- or HBSS-based systems with appropriate salts, glucose, and Ca2+/Mg2+ when required). These selections are general recommendations and not item-specific.
• Maintain consistent DMSO carryover (commonly ≤0.1–1% v/v, assay-dependent) across controls and treated wells.

Item-specific buffer formulations, pH ranges, and compatibility are not provided in the Product Data; consult the CoA/Spec Sheet and validate empirically.

Green Alternatives

Because this offering is a discrete small-molecule GLP-1R modulator (not a solvent or bulk reagent), the concept of “green alternative” mainly pertains to how you handle stocks, dilutions, and waste rather than substituting the product itself.

Greener handling strategies (general; not item-specific)

• Use miniaturized assay formats (384–1536 well plates) to reduce compound mass and solvent consumption.
• Prefer lower-toxicity solvents for sample preparation when feasible (e.g., replace DMF with DMSO/MeCN where performance allows) and keep final solvent percentage in assays minimal.
• Plan batch aliquoting at high concentration to reduce freeze–thaw cycles and waste.
• Consolidate analytical runs and adopt UPLC with shorter gradients to cut solvent usage.

Trade-offs

• High-concentration DMSO stocks minimize waste but can stress sensitive cells at higher carryover; balance solubility vs assay tolerance.
• Replacing strong solvents may reduce solubility; verify performance with small pilot tests.

Disposal

• Segregate halogenated vs non-halogenated organic waste per EHS guidance; do not dispose in aqueous drains. Document usage to support mass-balance accounting and green metrics.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No therapeutic or clinical claims are made. This item is supplied strictly for research use only.

Formulation/manufacturing context (general; not item-specific)

• As a discovery tool compound, GLP-1R modulator C5 may be utilized in pre-formulation style assessments for research, such as solubility screening in DMSO or co-solvent systems, and exploratory stability studies under controlled lab conditions.
• It is not designated as an excipient and carries no pharmacopeial monograph in the provided Product Data. There is no GMP status indicated.

Practical notes

• If used to support internal discovery workflows, document lot-specific identity and purity and maintain chain-of-custody.
• Any scale-up, tox, or clinical formulation work would require separate sourcing and full CMC characterization; this product is not intended for such purposes.

Physical Properties

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point (MP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Boiling point (BP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Refractive index: Not applicable/Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• LogP / pKa: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General guidance (literature/class context; not item-specific)

• Small-molecule GPCR modulators are frequently supplied as dry solids or DMSO stock solutions for screening. Many exhibit good solubility in aprotic polar solvents (e.g., DMSO, DMF) and variable solubility in aqueous buffers depending on ionizable functionality.
• If a free base/acid form is provided, observed solubility and pKa-dependent ionization can be buffer- and pH-dependent. Always confirm with the item’s CoA and perform a small-scale solubility check before preparing high-concentration stocks.
• When preparing analytical methods, consider starting with reverse-phase LC (C18, water/acetonitrile + 0.1% formic acid) to evaluate retention and purity profiles; finalize only after consulting item-specific properties from the CoA/SDS.

Quality & Grades

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Grade/Purity: Moligand™ (screening-library grade). Specific numerical purity, residual solvents, or spectral criteria: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

What Moligand™ typically implies (general description; not item-specific)

• Moligand™ offerings are intended for discovery screening and SAR exploration, emphasizing cheminformatic diversity and GPCR/kinase/target-focused space. While suitable for most biochemical and cell-based assays, these are not pharmaceutical GMP materials.
• Typical documentation includes CoA/SDS and, when available, orthogonal identity confirmation (e.g., MS, NMR). Users should verify if their assay requires additional purification or counterion exchange.

Practical guidance

• For hit-finding and mechanistic studies, confirm identity and purity via LC–MS/HPLC in-house before critical decision points.
• If ultra-low UV background or specific trace-metal limits are required (e.g., for photophysical or metallation studies), note that these are not specified for this item; consult the CoA or request additional documentation.
• Stabilizers, water content, residual metals, and peroxide levels: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Reaction & Applications

This product is supplied as a biological modulator for target engagement studies and is not primarily intended as a synthetic reagent. Accordingly, conventional synthetic reaction applications (e.g., catalysis, coupling reagent, oxidant/reductant roles) are not typically applicable.

Practical research applications (general; not item-specific)

• Tool compound for probing GLP-1R signaling in biochemical (e.g., cAMP accumulation) and cell-based assays.
• Assessment of biased signaling (G protein vs β-arrestin recruitment) and allosteric modulation of peptide agonists using BRET, TR-FRET, HTRF, or reporter gene systems.
• Use in concentration–response studies for preliminary SAR; co-application with endogenous/peptide ligands to quantify allosteric cooperativity via operational allosteric models.

Experimental cautions

• Validate identity/purity by LC–MS prior to profiling.
• Check compound stability in assay buffer; minimize DMSO carryover and light/moisture exposure if instability is suspected.
• Apply appropriate controls: vehicle, positive control GLP-1 analog, and pathway inhibitors as required by your assay design.

Reaction Conditions

Conventional chemical reaction condition guidance is not applicable because this product is not supplied as a reagent for synthetic transformations. No item-specific reaction conditions are provided in the Product Data.

Assay condition context (general; not item-specific)

• For GLP-1R signaling readouts (e.g., cAMP HTRF, BRET, β-arrestin recruitment), typical conditions involve physiological temperature (30–37°C), controlled CO2 for cell-based assays, and short incubation periods (minutes to hours) depending on endpoint kinetics.
• Compound handling often entails high-concentration DMSO stocks diluted into assay media immediately prior to use. Maintain constant vehicle concentration across controls.
• Light and oxidative sensitivity are unknown; consider amber vials and inert headspace if degradation is suspected.

Note: These are general assay guidelines and not item-specific specifications. Always optimize conditions empirically for your system and consult the CoA/SDS for stability and compatibility notes.

Safety & Handling

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Signal Word (GHS): Not specified; consult SDS.
• Hazard Statements: Not specified; consult SDS.
• GHS Classification/Pictograms: Not specified; consult SDS.

General laboratory safety (not item-specific; follow institutional SOPs)

• Handle small-molecule screening ligands in a fume hood with appropriate PPE: lab coat, nitrile gloves, and safety glasses. Avoid inhalation of dusts/aerosols and contact with skin/eyes.
• Prevent cross-contamination by using dedicated tools for weighing and by sealing containers promptly to minimize moisture uptake and degradation.
• Incompatibilities are unknown without structure; by default, avoid strong oxidizers/reducers, and segregate from reactive acids/bases until item-specific compatibility is confirmed via SDS.
• First aid (overview): If inhaled, move to fresh air; if on skin, wash with soap and water; if in eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; if ingested, rinse mouth. Seek medical attention as per SDS instructions.
• Waste disposal: Treat as organic laboratory waste; dispose in accordance with local regulations and your EHS guidance.
• Always defer to the official SDS for authoritative hazard, exposure, and firefighting measures for this product.

Solvent Selection

Item-specific solubility is not provided in the Product Data; consult the CoA/Spec Sheet. The following guidance is general for small-molecule GPCR modulators and is not item-specific.

General approach

• Start with DMSO as a primary solvent for stock solutions (e.g., 10–50 mM), then dilute into assay buffers immediately before use to minimize precipitation.
• If aqueous compatibility is needed, consider co-solvents (≤1–2% DMSO or ethanol in final assay) and surfactants such as 0.01–0.05% Tween-20 or Pluronic F-68 where assay-tolerated.
• For preparative workup or recrystallization, screen EtOAc, MeOH, MeCN, IPA, acetone, and mixtures with hexanes or toluene, guided by observed polarity.

Polarity and miscibility (class context)

• Many GLP-1R small-molecule modulators exhibit moderate lipophilicity; thus DMSO and DMF often provide robust solubility, with variable behavior in water/buffer.

Quick comparison (general, literature-level)

• DMSO: strongest solubilizer; high boiling point; widely assay-compatible at low %.
• MeCN/MeOH: useful for LC and sample prep; watch for assay interference.
• Aqueous buffers: require pre-dilution from DMSO stocks; watch for salting-out or precipitation.

Always verify solubility and stability experimentally for this specific item.

Storage & Reconstitution

Item-specific (Product Data)

• Storage Conditions: Store at -80°C.
• Shipped In: Dry ice packs + Cold packs.

Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet

• Recommended reconstitution solvent, concentration, and stability window are not provided.

General guidance (not item-specific; adopt only after verifying with CoA)

• If supplied as a dry solid, reconstitute in anhydrous DMSO to a convenient stock (e.g., 10–50 mM), aliquot into low-dead-volume vials, and store at -80°C to minimize freeze–thaw cycles.
• Thaw on ice, vortex gently, and inspect for precipitation or color change before use. Discard if visible degradation or unexpected LC–MS signals arise.
• Protect from light and moisture unless item-specific data indicate stability.

Always adhere to the official CoA/SDS for definitive storage and handling instructions for this specific product.

Structure & Identity

Overview of a small-molecule GLP-1 receptor modulator supplied as part of Aladdin’s Moligand collection.

Item-specific identifiers (Product Data)

• Product Name: GLP-1R modulator C5 (SKU: G1496932)
• CAS: 421578-93-0
• Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Structural features (general notes; literature/class context)

• The designation “GLP-1R modulator” indicates a small molecule designed to interact with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a class B GPCR. Small-molecule GLP-1R ligands can act as positive/negative allosteric modulators or biased agonists, often engaging allosteric pockets distinct from the orthosteric peptide-binding site.
• Without an explicit structure, functional groups, ring systems, stereocenters, and heteroatoms are not disclosed for this specific item. Users should consult the CoA/Spec Sheet for exact structural identity.

2D structural description (not item-specific)

• Small-molecule GLP-1R modulators commonly feature one or more heteroaromatic rings, hydrogen-bonding motifs, and lipophilic fragments tailored for GPCR allosteric sites. The precise 2D arrangement for GLP-1R modulator C5 is not provided in the current Product Data.

Synthetic Utility

This product is intended as a biological modulator for GLP-1R research and is not provided as a general synthetic building block. Without a disclosed structure, specific synthetic transformations, functional group manipulations, or cross-coupling opportunities cannot be identified.

General considerations (not item-specific)

• If derivatization is desired for SAR (e.g., photoaffinity tags, linkers for target engagement assays), synthetic feasibility depends on available handles (amines, phenols, halides) that are not specified here. Such work should begin with structure disclosure and route scouting.
• For analytical characterization of any derivatives, employ LC–MS, 1H/13C NMR, HRMS, and purity assessment methods aligned to your internal QA.

Conclusion

• Treat GLP-1R modulator C5 primarily as a screening tool compound. For chemical elaboration, obtain the detailed structure and consider parallel synthesis only after confirming IP freedom-to-operate and stability profiles.

Target Specificity

Item-specific (derived from product name/category)

• Primary Target: GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a class B G protein–coupled receptor.

Not provided in Product Data

• Mode of action (PAM/NAM/agonist/antagonist/bias): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Selectivity profile vs related receptors (e.g., GIPR, GLP-2R, GCGR): Not specified.
• Affinity/potency (Kd, EC50, IC50): Not specified.
• Species cross-reactivity: Not specified.

General guidance (not item-specific)

• Confirm target engagement via orthogonal assays (e.g., cAMP accumulation and β-arrestin recruitment) and include counterscreens against related class B GPCRs to evaluate selectivity.
• Use appropriate positive controls (validated GLP-1 analogs) and vehicle controls to contextualize responses.

Frequently Asked Questions

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.

What is Moligand??

Moligand? is one of Aladdin Scientific's premium product lines, formulated for high-purity applications across multiple workflows. Compared to standard grades in the same workflow, Moligand? products typically offer tighter specifications, more rigorous QC, and stronger lot-to-lot consistency.

How should this product be stored?

Store at ?80 °C. Ultra-low temperature storage is required to maintain the specified shelf life.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships frozen with dry ice and cold packs. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above; handle dry ice with insulated gloves in a ventilated area.

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is 421578-93-0, the molecular formula is C24H21NO3, and the molecular weight is 371.43 g/mol.