Glyparamide - ≥98% , CAS No.5581-42-0

CAS: 5581-42-0 Cat. No.: G649760 Formula: C₁₅H₁₆ClN₃O₃S Molecular Weight: 353.82 PubChem CID: 246940

GRADE & PURITY ≥98%

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Overview

Glyparamide is an orally active chlorophenyl-containing sulfonylurea. Glyparamide shows hypoglycemic activity and rarely causes hepatic injury.

Form:Solid

Specifications

Specifications & Purity

≥98%

Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms

Glyparamide is an orally active chlorophenyl-containing sulfonylurea. Glyparamide shows hypoglycemic activity and rarely causes hepatic injury.

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Purity

≥98%

Names and Identifiers

Canonical Smiles

CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl

Isomeric SMILES

CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl

PubChem CID

246940

Molecular Weight

353.82

Chemical and Physical Properties

• Solubility: DMSO : 55 mg/mL (155.45 mM; Need ultrasonic)
• Molecular Weight: 353.800 g/mol
• XLogP3: 3.700
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
• Rotatable Bond Count: 4
• Exact Mass: 353.06 Da
• Monoisotopic Mass: 353.06 Da
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 86.900 Ų
• Heavy Atom Count: 23
• Formal Charge: 0
• Complexity: 491.000
• Isotope Atom Count: 0
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• The total count of all stereochemical bonds: 0
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Application Protocols

No vendor-validated application protocols are provided in the Product Data for this item.

General laboratory protocol suggestions (adapt to your assay and confirm by pilot tests):

• Stock preparation: Equilibrate vial to RT in a desiccator. Prepare a 10–50 mM stock in dry DMSO. Vortex and sonicate if needed. Filter through a 0.22 μm PTFE syringe filter if particles persist and your application allows.
• Plating for screening: Dispense into 384- or 1536-well plates under inert atmosphere if oxygen/moisture sensitivity is suspected. Seal with foil and store at -20°C or below. Minimize freeze–thaw by aliquoting.
• LC–MS reference solution: 0.1–1.0 mg/mL in MeOH or acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid as needed. Verify single dominant peak and correct m/z.
• Stability check: Incubate working dilutions at assay temperature and analyze at 0/2/24 h for degradation or adsorption losses.

Always tailor conditions to the compound’s confirmed properties and your assay’s performance criteria.

Biological Roles

Item-specific biological roles, targets, or pathways are not provided in the Product Data and should not be inferred without a confirmed structure and primary literature. The product is intended strictly for research use.

General considerations for small-molecule library members:

• Such compounds may be evaluated in biochemical or cellular assays to probe pathway components, enzyme function, or phenotypes. Any observed activity should be considered preliminary until validated in orthogonal assays and counter-screens for assay artifacts (fluorescence quenching, redox cycling, colloidal aggregation).
• Determine compound stability in assay media (pH, protein content, redox environment). Assess nonspecific binding to plasticware and serum proteins, which can lower apparent free concentration.
• If eventual target assignment is pursued, combine chemoproteomics, thermal shift assays, and structure–activity relationship (SAR) expansion with careful control experiments.

No clinical/therapeutic claims are made or implied for this item. For mechanistic or omics studies, ensure accurate compound identity and purity (LC–MS, NMR) prior to biological testing to avoid confounded readouts.

Buffer Applications

Buffer preparation guidance is generally not applicable because Glyparamide is a small organic compound rather than a buffering agent. No pKa values or acid/base functionality are provided in the Product Data that would justify use as a buffer component.

Practical notes for assay buffers involving small molecules:

• Adjust buffer composition to maintain compound solubility and stability (e.g., include a small percentage of DMSO or ethanol if needed; typical final organic 0.1–1% v/v).
• Choose buffer systems compatible with downstream analytics (HEPES or phosphate for UV detection; volatile buffers like ammonium formate/acetate for LC–MS).
• If ionization state is relevant (once pKa is known), set pH at least one unit away from the pKa to control protonation and improve consistency.

For specific buffer recipes or ionization management, obtain the compound’s pKa and solubility profile from the CoA or literature before optimization.

Green Alternatives

Without a confirmed structure or specified solvent/processing requirements for Glyparamide, green-chemistry guidance focuses on solvent policy and workflow design rather than compound-specific substitutions.

Greener solvent policy (general):

• Prioritize water, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate where feasible. Use acetonitrile and methanol judiciously for LC; avoid chlorinated solvents unless necessary for separation.
• For dissolution/assay stocks, attempt aqueous buffers with minimal co-solvent. If DMSO is required, keep final assay concentration ≤0.5–1% v/v when biology permits.

Analytical greener choices:

• Shorter columns and faster gradients reduce solvent consumption. Consider supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC, CO2-based) for chiral or difficult purifications to lower organic usage.

Process-intensity and energy:

• Store at -20°C as specified, but avoid unnecessary deep-cold storage for extended durations if stability allows; confirm via stability studies to optimize energy use.

Tradeoffs:

• Highly polar/semi-polar analytes may mandate acetonitrile or DMF for adequate performance; balance EHS considerations with data quality. Document rationale in your ELN and follow institutional green-chemistry frameworks (e.g., CHEM21, GSK solvent guides).

Pharmaceutical Uses

No pharmacopeial status, excipient role, or formulation context is provided for this item. Glyparamide is supplied strictly for research use only, not for human or animal therapeutic or diagnostic applications.

Research-oriented formulation guidance (general):

• For in vitro studies, prepare DMSO stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM) and dilute into assay media to a final organic content tolerated by the system. Confirm absence of precipitation by visual inspection and LC.
• For in vivo exploratory research (if permitted by your institution and regulations), fully characterize identity, purity, residual solvents, and stability. Develop a vehicle with appropriate pH/osmolality and acceptable excipients (e.g., PEG400, Captisol, cremophor alternatives), and perform small-scale tolerability checks. Note: Aladdin Scientific supplies this compound for research use only and does not endorse or support any clinical/therapeutic use.

Quality considerations:

• If a quantitative reference is needed, establish an internal standard, response factors, and stability-indicating methods (LC–MS/MS) under intended storage and handling conditions.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physicochemical data were not supplied in the Product Data. Do not treat any value below as a product specification; confirm with the CoA/Spec Sheet and SDS.

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point (MP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Boiling point (BP): Not typically applicable for high-MW nonvolatile solids; specific BP not provided for this item.
• Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility: Not specified for this item. Practical screening approach (general): begin with dry DMSO (analytical grade), then test MeOH, EtOH, DMF, and aqueous buffers with co-solvent; record exact concentrations, temperature, and pH.
• logP/logD: Not specified for this item; consult literature or compute in silico (e.g., ALOGPS, ChemAxon) for planning permeability assays.
• pKa values: Not specified for this item; determine experimentally or via computation to guide buffer selection and ionization state control.
• Refractive index: Typically not applicable for solids; not specified.

Notes for method development (general):

• LC method scouting: develop a gradient from aqueous 0.1% formic acid to acetonitrile or methanol; explore 5–95% B in 10–15 min on C18. If highly polar, consider HILIC. Adjust pH based on predicted pKa.
• Solid-state form: If polymorphism might affect dissolution, record induction time and perform DSC/TGA as needed.

Quality & Grades

• Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet for assay, impurity profile, and analytical methods (e.g., HPLC area %, NMR purity).

Interpretation and best practices:

• When a purity grade is unspecified, treat the material as research grade. Verify fit-for-purpose by running your own incoming QC: HPLC/UPLC purity, HRMS identity, and if applicable, residual solvent analysis by GC.
• Chromatography-grade or LC–MS-grade designations (if present on CoA) imply low UV background and low nonvolatile residue—important for trace analysis. Absent such designations, perform a quick blank run to evaluate baseline cleanliness.
• Stabilizers/inhibitors: Not specified for this item. If the structure suggests hydrolysis or oxidation liability (once known), check for stabilizers on the CoA (e.g., acid, base, antioxidant). Their presence can influence bioassays and synthetic steps; document exact stabilizer content in your ELN.
• Batch documentation: Record lot number, CoA revision, and storage history. For screening libraries, capture make-up solvent, concentration, and plating date to manage compound integrity.
• If your application demands stringent specs (e.g., quantitative reference standard work), consider in-house purification (flash prep, recrystallization) and full characterization to your analytical acceptance criteria.

Reaction & Applications

This product is listed under a small-molecule/compound library category and is typically used as a reference compound or screening entity rather than a synthetic reagent. Because item-specific functional groups are not provided, reaction-specific guidance must remain general.

Research applications (general):

• Biochemical and cell-based screening: Prepare DMSO stocks (e.g., 10 mM), verify solubility and stability over assay time, and assess potential interference (intrinsic fluorescence/absorbance, redox activity, aggregation). Employ counterscreens for PAINS-like behavior if relevant.
• Analytical reference: Use as a system-suitability or retention-time marker after confirming identity and purity by LC–MS and NMR.

If employing in synthesis (only after structure confirmation):

• Map functional groups (e.g., amide, sulfonamide, heteroaromatics) to compatible transformations. Protect liability motifs (acid/base-labile) before harsh steps. Run a small stability screen across pH 2–10 and common solvents at RT/40°C.
• For scale-up derivatization, develop orthogonal purification (prep HPLC vs. flash) and track impurity fate with LC–HRMS.

Practical tips:

• Minimize freeze–thaw of DMSO stocks; prepare single-use aliquots.
• Record exact plate maps and storage metadata for screening campaigns to ensure reproducibility and enable hit triage.

Reaction Conditions

No reaction conditions can be specified for Glyparamide without structural information. If you plan to transform or derivatize the compound after confirming its identity and functionality, the following general guidance may help in scouting conditions safely and efficiently:

• Solvent scouting: Begin with anhydrous acetonitrile, DMF, DCM, THF, and MeOH/EtOH as appropriate to the functional group class. Record water content and consider molecular sieves if moisture-sensitive steps are attempted.
• Temperature: Start at ambient temperature and escalate in 10–20°C increments while monitoring by TLC or LC–MS. Avoid exceeding 60°C in DMSO stocks unless stability is demonstrated.
• Catalysis: For aryl–heteroatom couplings (if aryl halides present), Pd or Cu catalysts under Buchwald–Hartwig/Ullmann conditions may be suitable. For C–C couplings, Suzuki–Miyaura or Sonogashira are common choices, contingent on handles.
• Reaction monitoring: LC–MS with a short gradient provides rapid conversion and mass-balance checks; complement with 1H NMR when feasible.
• Yields and times: Highly substrate-dependent; establish design-of-experiments (DoE) mini-screens to map operational space.

Always validate the absence of decomposition by stability-indicating analytics before scaling.

Safety & Handling

Safety-critical information was not included in the Product Data. Always consult the SDS for authoritative hazard classifications and response measures before handling.

• GHS classification, pictograms, signal word, H-statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Likely handling class: Small organic molecule for research use only. Avoid inhalation of dusts/aerosols; prevent skin/eye contact.
• Storage conditions (product data): Store at -20°C. Protect from moisture and light as a general precaution for small molecules unless otherwise stated on the CoA.
• Shipping (product data): Shipped in an ice chest with ice pads to maintain low temperature.
• Incompatibilities: Unknown for this specific item. As a general rule, segregate from strong oxidizers and acids/bases until structure-specific compatibility is confirmed.
• Engineering controls: Work in a chemical fume hood when weighing or preparing solutions; use closed containers for stocks.
• PPE: Lab coat, safety glasses, nitrile gloves; consider double gloving for extended contact. Change gloves regularly when handling DMSO solutions due to skin permeation concerns.
• First aid (general): In case of skin contact, wash with soap and water; for eye exposure, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention; if inhaled, move to fresh air; if ingested, do not induce vomiting and seek medical attention. Follow SDS-specific instructions.
• Waste: Collect organic solutions and contaminated disposables in properly labeled hazardous waste streams per institutional and local regulations.

Solvent Selection

Solubility and polarity data for this item are not specified. The following general decision tree supports rapid solubility screening and stock preparation for small molecules of unknown or mixed polarity.

Recommended screening sequence:

• Step 1: Try dry DMSO at room temperature (RT) up to 10–50 mg/mL with vortex/sonication. If insoluble, gently warm (≤40–45°C) while avoiding prolonged heating.
• Step 2: If DMSO stock is desired but incomplete dissolution persists, add a co-solvent after pre-wetting: DMF, NMP, or a small fraction of MeOH/EtOH can help.
• Step 3: For aqueous work, prepare concentrated DMSO or MeOH stock and dilute into buffer with vigorous mixing (final organic 0.1–2% v/v typical for bioassays). Consider surfactants (0.01–0.05% Tween-20) if precipitation occurs and assay allows.

Polarity and chromatographic behavior (general guidance):

• If the compound shows strong retention on C18 in scouting runs, increase organic modifier or add ion-pairing only if compatible with detection.
• For highly polar behavior (breakthrough on C18), evaluate HILIC (acetonitrile-rich mobile phases) or embedded polar C18 phases.

Compatibility notes:

• Avoid plasticizer-leaching plastics when using high-DMF/NMP; prefer glass vials.
• Document exact solvent lot and water content; Karl Fischer on DMSO/DMF can reduce variability.

Alternatives and selection:

• When possible, prefer MeOH/EtOH/water systems for greener profiles; reserve DMSO/DMF/NMP for difficult solutes.

Storage & Reconstitution

• Storage (product data): Store at -20°C.
• Shipping (product data): Shipped in an ice chest with ice pads to maintain a low-temperature chain.
• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Reconstitution and handling (general guidance for small molecules):

• Allow the container to equilibrate to room temperature in a desiccator before opening to prevent moisture condensation.
• Prepare concentrated stocks in dry, oxygen-free solvent if stability is a concern (commonly DMSO for screening; MeOH/ACN for analytical reference). Record exact concentration gravimetrically where possible.
• Aliquot stocks into inert vials (amber glass recommended) to minimize freeze–thaw. Typical working aliquots: 10–100 μL.
• Short-term storage: 2–8°C for hours to a day (if solution stability is verified). Long-term: -20°C or below as specified; avoid frost-free freezers with temperature cycling.
• Light/moisture protection: Use amber vials and desiccants; flush headspace with nitrogen/argon if oxygen-sensitive.
• Stability: Not specified for this item; establish stability-indicating LC–MS methods and perform periodic requalification, especially for bioassay-critical stocks.

Research use note: For research use only. Not for human or animal use.

Structure & Identity

Brief overview: Glyparamide (SKU G649760) is listed in our small-molecule library category. Item-specific structural identifiers are not supplied in the Product Data and should be confirmed from the accompanying CoA/Spec Sheet or SDS.

• Chemical name: Glyparamide (catalog/trade name)
• CAS: 5581-42-0 (literature identifier for this item; verify against CoA)
• PubChem CID: 246940 (literature)
• InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Structural features (general note):

• Detailed functional groups, ring systems, and stereochemistry are not provided in the Product Data. Please consult the CoA or authoritative databases (cross-reference by CAS and CID) for unambiguous structural confirmation before designing experiments.

2D/3D description (general):

• Without a supplied structure, a textual description of atom connectivity and substituent patterns cannot be provided here. Obtain and archive the canonical structure file (SDF/MOL/SMILES) for ELN and inventory systems as part of your method documentation.

Best practice:

• Before use, verify identity via an orthogonal method appropriate to your workflow (e.g., LC–MS retention time vs. reference, HRMS m/z, 1H/13C NMR if material amounts permit).

Synthetic Utility

Because the Product Data do not disclose structure or functional groups, specific synthetic roles cannot be assigned. In typical workflows, small-molecule library members like Glyparamide are used as screening entities or analytical references rather than as reagents or building blocks.

General synthetic considerations if derivatization is intended (after structure confirmation):

• Map liabilities (hydrolysis-prone amides/esters, oxidizable heteroaromatics). Establish a pH–stability map and solvent compatibility matrix before planning transformations.
• If chiral centers are present, confirm enantiopurity and consider asymmetric or resolution strategies for analog synthesis.
• For rapid analog generation, target divergent late-stage functionalizations (C–H activation, cross-coupling on aryl/vinyl halides, SuFEx on sulfonyl fluorides if present). Protect and deprotect judiciously to minimize step count.
• Analytical control: Employ LC–HRMS and NMR at each step, and use stability-indicating conditions to ensure no back-decomposition during workup/purification.

In the absence of structure, treat this material as a terminal test article rather than a synthetic intermediate.

Target Specificity

No target, binding profile, or selectivity data are provided in the Product Data for Glyparamide. Do not infer biological targets without corroborating primary data.

If target identification is part of your research plan (general guidance):

• Start with phenotypic or biochemical assay hits; confirm activity across orthogonal readouts.
• Use counter-screens to eliminate assay interference (redox cycling, fluorescence, aggregation). Incorporate detergent sensitivity tests and dynamic light scattering for colloidal behavior.
• Apply thermal shift assays (DSF), CETSA, or SPR/ITC for biophysical confirmation.
• For proteome-wide engagement, consider activity-based protein profiling (if a reactive handle exists) or chemoproteomics with photoaffinity or clickable analogs, post structure confirmation.

No claims of target specificity are made for this research-use product.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purity of this product?

This product is supplied at ≥98% purity (chemical assay). Lot-specific values are stated on the Certificate of Analysis.

How should this product be stored?

Store at ?20 °C. Freezer storage is required to maintain the specified shelf life.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships in an insulated container with ice pads. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above.

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is 5581-42-0, the molecular formula is C15H16ClN3O3S, and the molecular weight is 353.82 g/mol.

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.