Ovalbumin Solution (6 mg/mL) - BioReagent

Cat. No.: O1528797

GRADE & PURITY BioReagent

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Overview

Ovalbumin Solution (6 mg/mL) is mainly composed of ovalbumin and physiological saline.

Specifications

Specifications & Purity

BioReagent

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Grade

BioReagent

Product Line

Biological Products

Application Protocols

Tested applications, recommended working dilutions, and lot-specific protocols are Not specified for this item; refer to the product datasheet/CoA.

General protocols are intentionally not provided here because this section is restricted to product-validated instructions. For literature-based use cases (e.g., ELISA blocking, conjugation, or antigen coating), consult peer-reviewed protocols and validate conditions with small-scale pilots using this specific lot.

Biological Roles

• Source and function (literature/general): Ovalbumin is the predominant protein in chicken egg white. Although classified among serpins, it lacks classical protease-inhibitory activity and is believed to function primarily as a nutrient/storage protein. It is a well-characterized model antigen in immunology and protein chemistry.

• Structural/biochemical characteristics (literature/general):

  • Monomeric glycoprotein (~42–45 kDa) with one N-linked glycan, contributing to microheterogeneity and a pI around 4.5–4.7.
  • Exhibits the serpin fold but does not undergo the inhibitory conformational trapping typical of inhibitory serpins.
  • Undergoes age/processing-related conversion to S-ovalbumin, altering stability and isoelectric properties.

• Laboratory relevance (literature/general):

  • Extensively used as a reference antigen in antigen-processing/presentation studies, tolerance/activation models, and for standardizing immunoassays.
  • Serves as a benchmark in protein folding/aggregation, thermal denaturation, and gelation studies due to its well-documented transitions.

• Enzymatic/chemical sensitivities (literature/general):

  • Susceptible to proteolysis by broad-spectrum proteases; glycan can be trimmed by PNGase F or periodate-oxidized for conjugation.
  • Denatures with heat, extremes of pH, or chaotropes; refolding/renaturation depends on conditions.

This section summarizes general biological knowledge of ovalbumin; it does not reflect additional purification or functional attributes of this specific item, which are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Buffer Applications

Ovalbumin is not a buffering agent and is not used to define pH. However, it is frequently included in aqueous buffers as a functional additive (literature/general):

• Blocking/stabilizing protein: 0.1–1% w/v OVA is commonly used to block nonspecific binding in ELISA, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow assays; it can stabilize enzymes/antibodies by occupying surfaces and providing a protein matrix.
• Carrier in diluents: Added to antibody or antigen diluents to improve stability and reduce adsorption losses, particularly at low nanogram-per-mL levels.
• Considerations:
  • Avoid use when anti-egg proteins are present in the system (potential cross-reactivity) or when animal-origin–free workflows are required.
  • Buffer components containing primary amines (e.g., Tris) can interfere with subsequent amine-targeted conjugations to OVA.

Item-specific buffer composition, pH, and any preservatives in this product are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet before incorporating into sensitive assays.

Green Alternatives

Green chemistry considerations for a protein solution focus on cold-chain optimization, solvent minimization, and waste reduction rather than substitution of the active component.

• Potential greener choices (contextual):

  • Lyophilized ovalbumin (if available) to reduce refrigerated shipping mass/volume and allow reconstitution in application-specific buffers (less waste from buffer exchange).
  • Use of reusable cold packs and consolidated shipments to minimize packaging waste and emissions.
  • Replace organic solvent–intensive conjugation routes with aqueous click-like chemistries (e.g., oxime ligation, SPAAC) where compatible, reducing VOCs.

• Comparison (general):

  • Aqueous OVA solution vs lyophilized OVA:
    • Pros (solution): Ready-to-use, no dissolution variability.
    • Pros (lyophilized): Lower shipping footprint, longer ambient resilience pre-reconstitution, buffer flexibility; fewer cold-chain risks.
    • Trade-offs: Lyophilizates require validation of reconstitution and may differ in aggregation state without proper excipients.

• Waste minimization:

  • Plan aliquots to avoid multiple freeze–thaw cycles and product loss.
  • Employ micro-scale conjugations/assays to reduce reagent use and biohazardous waste.

Note: Item-specific formulation details (stabilizers, cryo-/lyoprotectants) are Not specified for this item; review CoA/Spec Sheet when designing greener workflows.

Pharmaceutical Uses

This product is designated For research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary applications.

• Formulation/manufacturing context (literature/general):

  • Ovalbumin is used in research and development as a model protein to study formulation stability (aggregation, adsorption, interfacial behavior) and as a process surrogate for protein therapeutics in unit operations (filtration, chromatography method development).
  • It can serve as a carrier protein for hapten conjugates during early-stage immunogen design and assay development.
  • As a protein standard, it is used to calibrate chromatographic separations (SEC) and electrophoresis.

• Regulatory status: No pharmacopeial status is claimed for this catalog item. Any GMP, sterility, endotoxin, residual solvent, or viral safety attributes are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet if such information is required for preclinical manufacturing research.

• Excipient/processing aid use: In non-clinical research, OVA may function as a stabilizer or test excipient in formulation screening; suitability must be verified experimentally. For clinical or manufacturing uses, source, quality, and regulatory compliance must be established separately and are outside the scope of this product.

Physical Properties

• Supplied form: Aqueous solution at 6 mg/mL.
• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Concentration: 6 mg/mL (item-specific).
• Buffer composition, pH, excipients, preservatives: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Density, refractive index, osmolality: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility (literature/general): Ovalbumin is highly soluble in water and physiological buffers; solubility decreases near its pI (~4.5–4.7). High ionic strength and neutral to slightly basic pH typically favor solubility.
• Aggregation/thermal behavior (literature/general): OVA denatures/aggregates upon heating (onset typically >60–70 °C depending on pH/ionic strength); can form heat-set gels. Sensitive to extreme pH, organic denaturants (urea, guanidine), and strong oxidants.
• Spectral properties (literature/general): UV absorbance at 280 nm typical of proteins containing Trp/Tyr; quantitative extinction coefficients vary by source/preparation and are not specified here—refer to CoA/Spec Sheet for item-specific A280–concentration relations, if provided.
• Isoelectric point (literature/general): ~4.5–4.7; precipitation risk near this pH.

Notes: For exact physicochemical specifications and any stabilizers present in this catalog item, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet. Avoid assuming small-molecule style constants (bp/mp) for proteins.

Quality & Grades

• Item-specific grade: BioReagent (as listed).

  • Meaning (general): BioReagent grade denotes suitability for common biological research applications (e.g., assay development, immunochemistry, conjugation), typically implying low bioburden and controlled manufacturing suitable for life-science workflows. However, exact specifications (endotoxin, bioburden, purity, preservative content) are manufacturer- and lot-dependent.

• What is specified for this item:

  • Concentration: 6 mg/mL aqueous solution.
  • Additional specifications (purity %, endotoxin, host origin confirmation, glycoform profile, UV cutoff, preservatives): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Practical implications:

  • For conjugation and immunoassay uses, buffer components (e.g., amines, primary amine-containing stabilizers, or preservatives) can interfere with carbodiimide/NHS chemistries and mass spectrometry. Since the buffer is not disclosed here, verify compatibility before use.
  • For cell culture or in vivo research, endotoxin and sterility are critical; these parameters are Not specified for this item and should be confirmed by CoA/Spec Sheet or tested in-house if required.

• Documentation: Request lot-specific CoA, SDS, and (if needed) statements on animal origin, adventitious agents, and allergen handling controls.

Reaction & Applications

• Typical research applications (literature/general):

  • Model antigen in immunology for antigen processing/presentation studies; widely used with defined peptides (e.g., OVA-derived epitopes) in T-cell assays.
  • Carrier protein for hapten conjugation to generate immunogens and for assay development (e.g., OVA–hapten conjugates for ELISA/SPR).
  • Blocking/stabilizing agent in immunoassays and biosensors; alternative to BSA for certain targets.
  • Calibration standard in protein quantification (e.g., standard curves for Bradford/BCA) and in SEC calibration (apparent MW ~43 kDa).
  • Template for nanoparticle/protein–polymer conjugates; heat-induced gelation studies.

• Practical chemistry notes (general):

  • Amine-targeting: NHS-esters, isothiocyanates, and sulfo-NHS chemistries label ε-lysines and the N-terminus. Work at pH 7.5–8.5, amine-free buffers (e.g., bicarbonate or phosphate without Tris/glycine).
  • Carboxyl-targeting: EDC or EDC/NHS coupling to introduce amide linkages; activate in MES (pH 4.5–6.0), then couple near neutral pH.
  • Thiol-targeting: Native OVA contains limited free thiols; reduction may expose reactive cysteines but can perturb structure. Maleimide chemistry requires pH ~6.5–7.5.
  • Glycan-directed: Periodate oxidation of N-glycans enables oxime/hydrazone ligations (handle with care to avoid backbone oxidation).

• Handling tips:

  • Maintain cold chain; minimize freeze–thaw (aliquoting recommended).
  • Confirm buffer composition to avoid conjugation quenching (e.g., Tris, azide).
  • Assess degree of labeling (DOL) by UV–Vis or MS when feasible; verify antigenicity post-modification by immunoassay.

Item-specific buffer, preservatives, and stabilizers are Not specified for this item; consult the CoA/Spec Sheet before sensitive chemistries.

Reaction Conditions

General, literature-based guidance for common OVA modifications; adjust to your system and verify with small-scale pilots. Item-specific buffer/preservatives are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• NHS-ester labeling (amines):

  • Buffer: Amine-free (e.g., 50–100 mM sodium bicarbonate or phosphate, pH 7.5–8.5).
  • Temperature/time: 4–25 °C, 0.5–2 h; protect from light for fluorophores.
  • Stoichiometry: Start with 2–10 equiv per accessible amine; optimize to control DOL.
  • Quench: Ethanolamine or Tris after reaction (if compatible with downstream use).

• EDC/NHS carboxyl coupling:

  • Activation: 25–100 mM MES, pH 4.5–6.0 with EDC (and NHS or sulfo-NHS) for 5–30 min.
  • Coupling: Adjust to pH 7.0–7.5 with the amine-bearing partner for 0.5–2 h at 4–25 °C.

• Maleimide–thiol coupling (if free thiols available/generated):

  • Buffer: pH 6.5–7.2, degassed; avoid primary amines at high concentrations.
  • Reducing agents: Use TCEP (non-thiol) if reduction is required; avoid excess DTT/βME which compete with maleimides.

• Glycan oxidation and oxime/hydrazone ligation:

  • Oxidation: 1–10 mM NaIO4 on ice/dark for minutes; immediately desalt.
  • Ligation: pH 4.5–6.5 with aniline catalyst for oxime formation; NaBH3CN for reductive amination where appropriate.

• Purification/cleanup: Desalting columns (NAP/PD), dialysis, or SEC; verify recovery and aggregation by UV–Vis, SDS-PAGE, or DLS.

These conditions are representative literature values and not product specifications.

Safety & Handling

• GHS/CLP status for this item: Not specified for this item; refer to the SDS for authoritative classification, pictograms, and H-statements.
• Allergenicity (literature/general): Ovalbumin is a major egg allergen and may cause allergic reactions upon inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion in sensitized individuals. Handle powders/aerosols in appropriate containment; avoid generating droplets/aerosols with solutions.
• General PPE: Lab coat, nitrile gloves, and safety glasses. Use a certified biosafety cabinet for procedures that may create aerosols. Wash hands after handling.
• Storage incompatibilities (general): Avoid strong oxidizers and extremes of pH. Do not mix with proteases unless intended; proteolysis can degrade the protein. Avoid microbial contamination.
• Special risks: Repeated freeze–thaw can cause aggregation and loss of activity/antigenicity. Preservatives (e.g., sodium azide) may or may not be present—Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet/SDS.
• First-aid overview (general):
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
  • Skin/eye contact: Rinse with water for several minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical attention if irritation develops.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice.
• Spill response (general): Absorb small spills with inert material; clean with aqueous detergent; decontaminate surfaces; avoid aerosolization. Dispose of according to institutional and local regulations.
• SDS: Always defer to the product-specific SDS for definitive hazard, handling, and disposal guidance.

Solvent Selection

This product is supplied as an aqueous protein solution; traditional solvent selection for organic reactions is not typically applicable. Key considerations relate to buffer compatibility and downstream application requirements.

• Polarity/miscibility (general): OVA is water-soluble; it is insoluble in most neat organic solvents. It tolerates typical biological buffers (phosphate, HEPES, Tris) within moderate ionic strength.
• Buffer compatibility (general):
  • Conjugation with NHS-esters: Prefer amine-free buffers (e.g., PBS without primary amines) at pH ~7.5–8.5.
  • Carbodiimide (EDC) coupling: Activation often at pH ~4.5–6 (MES buffer), followed by coupling near neutral pH.
  • Avoid high concentrations of denaturants (urea, guanidine) or detergents unless denaturation is intended.
• Additives that can interfere (general): Tris, glycine, ammonium salts, and azide can quench certain conjugation reactions or enzymes; metal chelators can affect metalloprotein assays.
• When to choose alternatives: If organic compatibility or higher thermal stability is required, consider using carrier proteins like BSA or synthetic polymers (e.g., PEG) depending on the application; for solvent-critical workflows, lyophilized OVA (if available) offers buffer flexibility.

Item-specific buffer composition and pH are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet to confirm compatibility with your workflow.

Storage & Reconstitution

• Storage conditions (item-specific): Store at -20°C. Minimize freeze–thaw cycles. Shipments are provided in an ice chest with ice pads.
• Light sensitivity: Protect light-sensitive conjugates after any labeling; native OVA is generally light-stable.
• Reconstitution: Not applicable—this product is supplied as a ready-to-use solution at 6 mg/mL.
• Aliquoting (general best practice): Upon receipt, mix gently by inversion, briefly centrifuge to collect contents, and dispense into single-use aliquots to avoid repeated freeze–thaw. Use low-protein-binding plastics or silanized glass.
• Thawing: Thaw on ice or at 2–8°C. Mix gently to avoid foaming; do not vortex harshly. If visible particulates appear, clarify by brief low-speed spin or filtration (0.22–0.45 µm) if compatible with downstream use.
• Stability/shelf life: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. Actual stability depends on buffer composition, presence of preservatives/stabilizers, and handling.
• Buffer composition and pH: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Contamination control: Use sterile technique if asepsis is required; avoid introducing proteases. If sterility is critical, consider sterile filtration immediately after thawing, subject to compatibility.

Always consult the item-specific CoA and SDS for definitive guidance.

Structure & Identity

Ovalbumin is a soluble glycoprotein and the predominant protein of chicken egg white, supplied here as an aqueous solution at 6 mg/mL (BioReagent grade).

• Item-specific identifiers (this lot):

  • CAS, InChIKey, SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Literature/general identity information (for ovalbumin, chicken, OVA):

  • Protein type: Non-inhibitory serpin family glycoprotein; single polypeptide chain with N-linked glycan(s).
  • Amino-acid length: ~385 residues (literature), monomeric in native conditions.
  • Apparent molecular mass: ~42–45 kDa by SDS-PAGE, heterogeneity due to glycosylation (literature).
  • Isoelectric point (pI): ~4.5–4.7 (literature).
  • Structural features: Conserved serpin fold (β-sheets and α-helices) but lacks classical protease-inhibitory activity; contains multiple lysines and carboxylates enabling conjugation chemistry; one N-glycosylation site contributing to microheterogeneity (literature).

• 2D description in words:

  • As a macromolecule, OVA lacks a simple small-molecule 2D structure. Conceptually, it is a linear polypeptide with side-chain functional groups (amines, carboxylates, thiols in trace cysteine), and an N-linked oligosaccharide. Reactive handles for bioconjugation include ε-amines of lysines, N-terminus, carboxylates of aspartate/glutamate, and, if reduced/available, thiols. No stereocenters are definable in SMILES terms due to macromolecular nature.

Synthetic Utility

While not a small-molecule building block, ovalbumin is a versatile macromolecular scaffold for bioconjugation and materials synthesis (literature/general):

• Functional handles:

  • ε-Amino groups (Lys) and N-terminus for acylation/urea/thiourea formation via NHS-esters, isothiocyanates, or activated carbonates.
  • Carboxylates (Asp/Glu/C-terminus) for EDC/NHS-mediated amide coupling to primary amines on ligands/polymers.
  • Limited/conditional thiols (Cys) for maleimide/haloacetyl coupling after reduction, if compatible with structural integrity.
  • Glycan oxidation generates aldehydes for hydrazone/oxime ligation and reductive amination.

• Applications:

  • Preparation of OVA–hapten conjugates for immunoassays and antibody generation (research context).
  • Fluorophore/biotin labeling for tracer reagents in ELISA/flow cytometry.
  • Crosslinked OVA hydrogels/particles via glutaraldehyde or enzymatic crosslinkers (e.g., transglutaminase) for materials studies.
  • Adsorption on nanoparticles as a capping/stabilizing layer; creation of biointerfaces.

• Retrosynthetic perspective:

  • OVA serves as a high-density display platform to amplify hapten valency and enhance immunochemical signals.

Item-specific buffer composition and presence/absence of interfering additives (e.g., Tris, azide) are Not specified for this item; verify compatibility before undertaking coupling chemistries.

Target Specificity

Not applicable to this product type. This item is ovalbumin (an antigen/protein), not an antibody or affinity reagent. No target specificity, clone, isotype, or species reactivity is defined for this product.

Any antigenic epitope information used in immunology studies (e.g., OVA-derived peptides) is literature context and not an attribute of this specific solution.