TMP195 has low potency in recombinant class I and IIb HDAC assays, enabling full inhibition of class IIa HDAC activity without inhibition of other HDACs. TMP195 blocks the accumulation of CCL2 protein in the supernatants of monocyte-derived macrophage differentiation cultures and significantly increases the amount of CCL1 protein secreted by the monocytes compared to vehicle (DMSO)-treated M-CSF plus GM-CSF cultures. TMP195 influences human monocyte responses to the colony-stimulating factors CSF-1 and CSF-2 in vitro.
In vivo
In vivo TMP195 treatment alters the tumour microenvironment and reduces tumour burden and pulmonary metastases by modulating macrophage phenotypes. TMP195 induces the recruitment and differentiation of highly phagocytic and stimulatory macrophages within tumours. TMP195 treatment significantly decreases proliferating tumour cells, most notably at the leading edge of the tumour. The anti-tumour macrophage phenotype induced by TMP195 treatment thus enhances the efficacy and durability of both standard chemotherapeutic regimens and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in this mouse model of breast cancer.
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenyloxadiazoles. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a benzene ring linked to a 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring through a CC or CN bond.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
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Application Protocols
No tested applications or protocols are provided in the product data for this item. The following are general recommendations for managing small-molecule compounds in research workflows.
Stock solution preparation: Dissolve in DMSO to 10–50 mM. Vortex and, if necessary, sonicate briefly to aid dissolution. Filter if particulate remains and chemistry allows.
Aliquoting: Divide into single-use aliquots to avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles and moisture uptake.
Assay setup: Add compound last to pre-equilibrated assay plates to minimize edge effects; confirm final solvent content across all wells.
Controls: Include vehicle controls matching the highest solvent concentration and, where possible, known reference compounds for benchmark comparison.
Documentation: Record lot number, exact concentration (verified by UV or qNMR if needed), date of preparation, and storage conditions.
For application-specific protocols, consult your internal SOPs and validate conditions with a small pilot before scale-up.
Biological Roles
No biological target, mechanism, or pathway information is provided in the product data for this item. The following notes are general guidance for handling small-molecule research probes and do not constitute product-specific claims.
Research context: When using an uncharacterized small molecule in biochemical or cell-based studies, establish target engagement with orthogonal methods (e.g., enzyme activity assays, thermal shift or CETSA, SPR/ITC) and include appropriate negative/positive controls.
Selectivity profiling: If a putative target family is suspected, consider broad panel screening to quantify off-target interactions, especially for chemotypes prone to promiscuity or assay interference.
ADME-relevant properties: Determine solubility limits, stability in assay buffer, and nonspecific binding to plastics/serum proteins to ensure observed effects are compound-driven.
Data integrity: Report lot numbers, storage history, and reconstitution conditions alongside bioactivity data for reproducibility.
For product-specific biological roles, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet and primary literature indexed by the CAS number (1314891-22-9). This product is for research use only.
Buffer Applications
This product is a small-molecule research probe rather than a classical buffering agent. No buffering capacity or pKa information is provided.
Applicability: TMP195 is not typically used to formulate buffer systems. If it must be used in aqueous media, select a compatible buffer after determining the compound’s ionization behavior (pKa) and stability.
Practical guidance: Maintain buffer components at concentrations that do not perturb assay readouts. Verify that the buffer pH and ionic strength do not induce precipitation of the compound from DMSO-containing dilutions.
For precise buffer recipes or pH ranges, determine the compound’s acid/base properties from the CoA or measured data before design.
Green Alternatives
As a discrete small-molecule research probe, TMP195 itself is not typically substituted for “greener” reagents in synthesis; however, greener practices apply to its handling and any preparative steps you may perform.
Greener handling strategies (general):
Solvent choice: Favor bio-based or lower-toxicity solvents for any solution prep or purification when compatible (e.g., 2-MeTHF over THF, CPME or EtOAc over DCM, MeOH/EtOH over MeCN/DMF where feasible).
Waste minimization: Prepare concentrated stocks to reduce solvent volume, use microplate formats for screening, and consolidate compatible waste streams.
Energy: Store only as cold as required (here −20°C per product data), and limit freeze–thaw cycles with aliquots to reduce energy demand.
THF vs 2-MeTHF: 2-MeTHF often offers safer peroxide profile and better phase behavior; check solubility compatibility first.
DCM vs EtOAc/CPME: EtOAc/CPME provide lower toxicity and reduced halogenated waste; verify elution strength for your chromatography needs.
Note: These are general green-chemistry considerations and do not alter the item-specific storage directions or specifications.
Pharmaceutical Uses
No pharmacopeial status, excipient role, or formulation guidance is provided for this item. This product is supplied strictly for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary applications.
General formulation considerations for small-molecule research probes (non-clinical):
Dosing solutions for in vivo research require rigorous confirmation of identity, purity, and stability; choose vehicles (e.g., aqueous buffers with co-solvent, lipid-based systems) compatible with the compound’s solubility and stability profile.
Avoid reactive excipients that could alter the compound chemically (e.g., strong acids/bases, aldehydes). Assess light and oxidative sensitivity prior to long-term storage of solutions.
Record lot numbers, solvent grades, and preparation dates for reproducibility. Filter sterile solutions through appropriate membrane materials after compatibility testing.
No therapeutic or clinical claims are made or implied for this product.
Physical Properties
Item-specific physicochemical data are not included in the product record. Do not treat any value as a specification unless it appears on the CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Melting point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Boiling point: Not applicable/unknown for solids; if liquid, Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
LogP/logD: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
pKa: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Refractive index: Not applicable for solids; if liquid, Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Practical guidance (general, not a specification):
For small-molecule research probes, initial solubility screening can be performed with DMSO, DMF, MeOH, EtOH, acetonitrile, and aqueous buffers containing co-solvent. Start at 1–10 mg/mL in DMSO as a stock if chemically compatible.
If a salt form exists in literature or on the CoA, note counter-ions (e.g., HCl, TFA) as they can substantially influence solubility and pH-dependent behavior.
Verify hygroscopicity, polymorph state, and hydrate/solvate content by TGA/DSC and Karl Fischer if your application is content-sensitive.
Quality & Grades
Grade/purity are not specified in the product data. Do not assume an assay or impurity profile beyond what is provided on the CoA/Spec Sheet.
Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Stabilizers/Inhibitors: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Guidance on interpreting grades (general):
Research grade typically supports discovery workflows and screening; purity is often reported by HPLC/UPLC area% and may include NMR/HRMS identity confirmation. Review chromatographic methods and detection wavelengths used for purity claims.
If “HPLC grade” is mentioned for solvents or “bioactive grade” for probes on a CoA, it often implies low UV background and tighter impurity controls relevant for analytical or biological assays.
Confirm residual solvents, water (KF), and counter-ion content for quantitative work. If your application is assay-sensitive, request detailed impurity breakdown (major known synthetic byproducts, isomers, or metals) before use.
For solid screening libraries, batch-to-batch reproducibility is best ensured by verifying identity and purity on receipt, especially if the compound is used as a reference standard.
Reaction & Applications
This product is sold as a research-use small molecule rather than a synthetic reagent, and no manufacturer application notes are provided. Therefore, specific reaction roles are not claimed for this item.
General guidance for small-molecule handling in discovery workflows:
Assay preparation: Prepare concentrated DMSO stocks, then dilute into the assay matrix to the desired final concentration while monitoring for precipitation.
Orthogonal confirmation: Use more than one readout (e.g., biochemical vs. biophysical) to mitigate assay interference from aggregation or fluorescence.
Analytical verification: Confirm identity/purity before critical experiments using LC–MS and 1H/13C NMR where feasible. Track stability by LC over time and after temperature cycling.
Solid sample management: Minimize atmospheric exposure to reduce uptake of moisture/CO2 and to avoid polymorphic conversion; aliquot to avoid repeated freeze–thaw.
If you intend to use TMP195 as a synthetic intermediate or reference standard, develop method-specific conditions only after confirming the exact structure and functional groups from the CoA or primary literature.
Reaction Conditions
No manufacturer reaction conditions or application methods are provided for this item. The compound is supplied for research use, and any reaction development should be based on verified structural information.
General guidance for solution preparation and handling (non-specific):
Reconstitution: Begin with anhydrous DMSO at 10–50 mM, warming gently if needed. Avoid prolonged heating or basic conditions until stability is known.
Aqueous dilution: Add DMSO stock into buffer under vigorous mixing to keep final DMSO ≤1–2% v/v unless assay tolerates higher.
Stability checks: Monitor by LC at time zero and at intended use timepoints (e.g., 1, 24, 72 h) at storage and assay temperatures.
Adsorption: For hydrophobic molecules, precondition plastics with dilute surfactant or use glass to minimize nonspecific binding.
If you plan to employ this compound in chemical reactions, establish solvent, temperature, and catalyst compatibility only after confirming functional group profile and thermal/oxidative stability from primary data.
Safety & Handling
Hazard data are not provided in the product record. Always consult the product SDS for authoritative safety information.
GHS classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
Signal word and pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
H/P statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
General laboratory precautions (good practice, not a substitute for SDS):
Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and chemically resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile). Work in a chemical fume hood to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors.
Avoid skin/eye contact and inhalation. Prevent environmental release; collect waste in appropriate labeled containers.
Incompatibilities should be assessed after structure confirmation; in the absence of data, keep away from strong oxidizers/acids/bases until stability is known.
First aid overview: If inhaled—move to fresh air; if skin contact—wash with soap and water; if eye contact—rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; if ingested—rinse mouth and seek medical attention. Follow site-specific emergency procedures.
Thermal/photostability: Product is stored at −20°C; protect from moisture and light as a precaution unless otherwise stated on CoA.
Note: This product is for research use only.
Solvent Selection
No item-specific solubility profile is provided. The following is general guidance for small-molecule research probes and should be verified empirically for TMP195.
Stock preparation: Start with DMSO as a primary solvent for 10–50 mM stocks if compatible; confirm clarity and stability over 24–72 h at 4–25°C and after freeze–thaw.
Screening panel: DMSO, DMF, NMP, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol; for less polar species, test ethyl acetate, MTBE, THF, 2-MeTHF. For aqueous delivery, use co-solvent (≤1–2% DMSO/MeOH) and/or cyclodextrin or surfactant systems if needed.
Dielectric considerations (general): Polar aprotic solvents (DMSO, DMF) often improve solubility of heteroatom-rich scaffolds; alcohols can assist hydrogen-bonding solvation; nonpolar solvents suit lipophilic scaffolds.
pH effects: If acidic/basic functional groups are present (verify once structure is confirmed), pH adjustment may markedly influence aqueous solubility. Prepare buffered systems only after determining pKa values.
Practical checks: Visual inspection for precipitation, light scattering at 600–700 nm for turbidity, and rapid LC analysis to confirm no solvent-induced degradation.
Note: For any chromatography or analytical method, match diluent strength to initial mobile phase to avoid peak distortion.
Storage & Reconstitution
Storage and shipping conditions are provided in the product data. Follow these instructions to maintain material integrity.
Storage conditions: Store at −20°C (per product data). Protect from moisture and light as a precaution unless otherwise specified on the CoA.
Shipped in: Ice chest with ice pads (per product data) to maintain a cold chain.
Container handling: Allow the sealed container to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to minimize condensation. Reseal promptly under dry atmosphere.
Reconstitution (general guidance; not a specification):
Solvent: If compatible, prepare a concentrated stock in anhydrous DMSO (e.g., 10–50 mM). If another solvent is specified on the CoA, follow that guidance.
Filtration: If particulates persist and chemistry permits, pass through a PTFE or PVDF syringe filter (0.22–0.45 µm). Verify no adsorption losses.
Aliquoting: Dispense single-use portions and refreeze at −20°C to reduce freeze–thaw cycles.
Stability: Establish solution stability empirically by LC–MS/NMR under intended storage and use conditions.
Note: For any missing item-specific details (appearance, purity, exact solubility, stabilizers), refer to the CoA/Spec Sheet. Research use only.
Structure & Identity
Overview: TMP195 is listed in our small-molecule/compound library category. Item-specific structural identifiers are limited in the current product data; please consult the CoA or SDS for definitive identifiers.
Product name: TMP195 (SKU: T414032)
CAS: 1314891-22-9
InChIKey (from product data): 305802 (Note: this does not match the conventional 27-character InChIKey format; verify on CoA/Spec Sheet)
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Structural description (general guidance):
No confirmed 2D structure is provided in the product record. If you require exact functional groups, ring systems, or stereochemical assignments, obtain the structure from the CoA, SDS, or authoritative databases using the CAS number.
For method development and analytical tracking, we recommend documenting: IUPAC name, canonical SMILES, InChI, stereochemical descriptors, and relevant tautomeric forms (once verified from primary sources).
Synthetic Utility
This listing is for a defined small-molecule entity rather than a general reagent or building block, and no functional group information is provided in the product record. Consequently, specific synthetic transformations cannot be recommended without the confirmed structure.
General considerations if used as a reference standard or intermediate:
Verify identity by orthogonal methods (LC–MS, NMR, HRMS) and document exact stereochemistry and salt form if present.
Track solid form (polymorph/solvate) and water content for mass-balance sensitive applications.
For derivatization or tagging, identify nucleophilic/electrophilic handles only after confirming the presence of functional groups (e.g., amines, acids, halides) from the CoA/literature.
If your intent is to adapt TMP195 into synthetic sequences, obtain the canonical SMILES/InChI and conduct reactivity predictions and protecting-group strategies based on verified functional groups.
Target Specificity
No target, epitope, or specificity information is provided in the product data for this item.
Target/Mechanism: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and primary literature linked to CAS 1314891-22-9.
Species reactivity, clone, isotype (if applicable): Not applicable/not specified.
Note: This section is intentionally limited to product-data-derived facts to avoid unsupported claims.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purity of this product?
This product is supplied at ≥98% purity (chemical assay). Lot-specific values are stated on the Certificate of Analysis.
How should this product be stored?
Store at ?20 °C. Freezer storage is required to maintain the specified shelf life.
How is this product shipped?
This product ships in an insulated container with ice pads. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above.
What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?
The CAS Number is 1314891-22-9, the molecular formula is C23H19F3N4O3, and the molecular weight is 456.42 g/mol. InChIKey QTCSXAUJBQZZSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N.
What documentation is provided?
Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.
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Products are supplied to verified businesses, institutions, and qualified professionals for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.
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