ARC Antibody - Primary antibody, specific to ARC

Cat. No.: Ab089453

GRADE & PURITY See COA

Application

IHC, WB

Host species

Rabbit

Reactive species

Human, Mouse, Rat

Isotype

Rabbit IgG

Conjugation

Unconjugated

Visão geral

Rabbit anti Human ARC Antibody, Polyclonal antibody, could be used for WB, IHC and so on.

Specifications

Product Name

ARC Antibody - Primary antibody, specific to ARC

Sinónimos

activity regulated cytoskeleton associated protein antibody | activity regulated gene 3.1 protein homolog antibody | Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein antibody | Activity-regulated gene 3.1 protein homolog antibody | Arc antibody | ARC/AR

Especificações e pureza

See COA

Mecanismos bioquímicos e fisiológicos

Required for consolidation of synaptic plasticity as well as formation of long-term memory. Regulates endocytosis of AMPA receptors in response to synaptic activity. Required for homeostatic synaptic scaling of AMPA receptors (By similarity). Plays a role

Espécie hospedeira

Rabbit

Especificidade

ARC

Imunogénio

A synthetic peptide derived from human ARC

Controlo positivo

WB: Mouse brain lysate.  IHC:Human brain tissue.

Conjugação

Unconjugated

SDS-PAGE

150 kDa

Método de purificação

Antigen affinity purified

Concentração

See COA

Product Line

Produtos biológicos

Armazenamento e envio

Forma

Liquid

Condições de armazenamento de armazenamento

Store at -20°C,Avoid repeated freezing and thawing

Enviado em

Ice chest + Ice pads

Estabilidade e armazenamento

Store at 2-8℃ short term (1-2 weeks). Store at -20℃ long term (12 months). Upon receipt, it is recommended to aliquot. Avoid freeze/thaw cycle.

Aplicação

Aplicação

Dilution info

IHC

1/50-1/200

WB

1/1000 - 1/5000

Alvos associados (humanos)

ARC Tbio Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (0 Activities)

Discover Target: ARC

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

Application Protocols

No manufacturer-validated applications or protocols are provided in the product data for SKU Ab089453.

General protocol outlines (literature; adapt and optimize empirically):

• Western blot (WB):
  • Block: 5% milk/TBST, 1 h RT.
  • Primary: Start 0.1–1 µg/mL in TBST + 1% BSA, 1 h RT or overnight 4°C.
  • Wash: 3 × 5–10 min TBST.
  • Secondary: HRP-conjugated anti-host IgG, 1:5,000–1:20,000, 1 h RT.
• Immunofluorescence (IF/ICC):
  • Fix: 4% PFA, 10–15 min; permeabilize with 0.1% Triton X-100 if needed.
  • Block: 1–5% BSA or serum, 30–60 min.
  • Primary: 0.5–2 µg/mL, 1 h RT or overnight 4°C.
  • Secondary: Fluorophore-conjugated anti-host IgG, 1:500–1:2,000.
• IHC (FFPE):
  • Antigen retrieval: Citrate pH 6.0 or Tris-EDTA pH 9.0, 10–20 min.
  • Primary: Titrate 0.5–5 µg/mL; detect with polymer HRP systems.
• ELISA (indirect):
  • Coat antigen: 1–5 µg/mL, overnight 4°C.
  • Block: 1–5% BSA.
  • Primary: Titrate; secondary HRP 1:5,000–1:20,000.

These are general starting points and not validated for this SKU. For item-specific recommendations, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet.

Biological Roles

Target-specific biological information is not provided for this item; no antigen, species, or epitope details are available in the product data.

General notes on antibodies in biological research (literature):

• Function: Antibodies bind epitopes with high specificity and affinity via complementarity-determining regions, enabling selective detection, capture, or modulation of biomolecules in complex samples.
• Specificity and cross-reactivity: Determined by sequence/structural complementarity; epitope conservation across species influences cross-reactivity.
• Affinity and avidity: Monoclonal antibodies offer defined specificity and consistent affinity; polyclonals provide multi-epitope binding that may increase apparent avidity but can increase background.
• Biological matrices: Performance can vary in fixed tissues versus live cells or lysates due to epitope masking, fixation-induced modifications, and sample processing.

If you require detailed biological context for the intended antigen of SKU Ab089453 (e.g., pathway membership, subcellular localization), please request the product’s CoA/Spec Sheet or contact technical support with the lot number for the most accurate and current information.

Buffer Applications

While this product is an antibody rather than a buffering reagent, successful use in immunoassays depends on appropriate buffer selection and preparation.

General buffer systems for antibody workflows (literature):

• PBS (10 mM phosphate, 137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl), pH 7.2–7.6: Universal diluent and wash buffer.
• TBS (20–50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl), pH 7.4–8.0: Alternative to PBS when phosphate-sensitive interactions are a concern.
• PBST/TBST: Add 0.05–0.1% Tween-20 for washes to reduce nonspecific binding.
• Blocking buffers: 1–5% BSA, 3–5% nonfat dry milk (WB), 2–5% normal serum, or commercial blockers. Choose based on detection chemistry (e.g., milk can quench biotin–streptavidin and interfere with some phospho-epitope detection).
• ELISA coating buffer: Carbonate–bicarbonate, 50 mM, pH 9.4–9.6 to immobilize antigens on plates.

Recipe hints (general):

• Filter-sterilize (0.22 µm) and store at 4°C. Prepare fresh working solutions regularly to limit microbial growth.
• For live-cell compatible applications, use buffers without sodium azide. Presence of azide in this item is Not specified.

Buffer composition for SKU Ab089453, if supplied in solution, is Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Green Alternatives

For antibody reagents, green chemistry considerations focus on formulation, storage, and waste reduction rather than substituting a greener solvent.

Sustainability strategies (general):

• Cold-chain efficiency: Store at −20°C as recommended; consolidate shipments and use energy-efficient freezers to minimize environmental footprint.
• Stabilizers to reduce waste: Formulations with glycerol or sugars can extend shelf life at −20°C and reduce freeze–thaw degradation, decreasing discarded material. Specific stabilizers for this item are Not specified.
• Concentrate and aliquot: Prepare right-sized aliquots to prevent repeated freeze–thaw cycles and product loss.
• Aqueous systems: Favor aqueous buffers without hazardous preservatives when compatible with your assay. If sodium azide is present (not specified here), segregate azide waste to avoid heavy-metal azide formation.
• Packaging and plastics: Use recyclable secondary packaging; employ low-retention, reusable labware when practical.

Comparison (general considerations):

• Sodium azide vs non-azide formulations: Azide provides robust microbial control but introduces acute aquatic and human toxicity concerns; non-azide, sterile-filtered + low-temperature storage reduces hazard but may shorten open-vial stability.

For SKU Ab089453, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet for exact formulation to select the most sustainable handling strategy compatible with your workflow.

Pharmaceutical Uses

This product is designated For research use only and is not intended for any diagnostic, clinical, or therapeutic applications.

General information relevant to formulation science (literature):

• Excipient context: Research antibodies are commonly formulated with isotonic buffers (e.g., PBS), stabilizing sugars (trehalose/sucrose), polyols (glycerol), and antimicrobial agents (e.g., sodium azide) for storage stability. Specific excipients for this item are Not specified.
• Manufacturing relevance: Antibody handling principles—controlled pH (≈6–7.5), low ionic strength adjustments, and avoidance of freeze–thaw—are shared with biopharmaceutical development, but this product is not qualified for GMP use.
• Reference standards: Research-grade antibodies may be used to develop or qualify analytical methods (e.g., ELISA standards) in preclinical settings; suitability must be established internally.

Regulatory note:

• No pharmacopeial status or monograph is claimed for this SKU. Any application beyond basic research requires separate sourcing and qualification.

For exact formulation and allowable uses of SKU Ab089453, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet and your institutional compliance office.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physicochemical specifications are not provided.

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Concentration/formulation: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• pH, buffer, preservatives, protein carrier: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Extinction coefficient (ε), A280-to-concentration factor: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General/literature guidance for antibodies (for planning only; not item specifications):

• Typical IgG molecular mass: ~150 kDa (literature).
• Solubility: Antibodies are water-soluble in physiological buffers (e.g., PBS, TBS) over a wide pH range (approximately pH 6–8.5), with optimal stability near neutral pH (literature).
• Stability: Susceptible to denaturation by extremes of pH, heat, organic solvents, chaotropes, and multiple freeze–thaw cycles (literature).
• Storage forms: Commonly supplied lyophilized or in aqueous buffer with stabilizers (e.g., 10–50% glycerol, 0.02–0.05% sodium azide) to support long-term storage at −20°C or −80°C (literature). Composition for this item is Not specified.

Important: Do not treat any literature values above as product specifications. For exact properties of SKU Ab089453, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet.

Quality and Grades

Item-specific grade/purity and QC metrics are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

How to interpret typical antibody quality information (general guidance):

• Purity measures: SDS-PAGE/Coomassie, SEC-HPLC for monomer content/aggregates, and host cell protein/DNA residuals for recombinant antibodies. Affinity-purified polyclonals may specify antigen-specific enrichment.
• Activity/validation: Application suitability (WB, IHC, IF, ELISA, FC) and species reactivity are determined empirically. Lot-to-lot consistency is often monitored by binding assays against a reference standard.
• Endotoxin/bioburden: Relevant if antibodies are used for cell-based assays; values typically reported in EU/mg and CFU/mL. Not specified for this item.
• Concentration determination: A280 with an IgG extinction coefficient (ε ≈ 210,000 M−1 cm−1; 1.4 A280 ≈ 1 mg/mL for IgG—literature approximations). Actual ε may vary by sequence/glycosylation.
• Stabilizers: Glycerol, sugars, BSA, or azide can improve storage stability; they may affect certain applications (e.g., BSA interferes with conjugation; azide inhibits HRP). Stabilizer content for this item is Not specified.

For regulated workflows, request the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) and Specification Sheet for definitive grade, purity, and validation details for SKU Ab089453.

Reaction and Applications

Manufacturer-stated applications for this item are not provided; treat application suitability as Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General research applications for antibodies (literature):

• Immunodetection: Western blot (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunoprecipitation (IP), and ELISA for target protein detection and quantification.
• Flow cytometry (FC): Surface or intracellular antigen detection using fluorophore-conjugated secondaries or directly labeled primaries (if applicable).
• Capture/affinity: Antibody-coated beads or plates for target enrichment, Co-IP, or ChIP (when validated).
• Imaging and proximity assays: PLA, FRET, and high-content imaging workflows using appropriately conjugated antibodies.

Practical tips (general):

• Titration: Optimize antibody dilution empirically for each assay, lot, and sample type to achieve specific signal with minimal background.
• Antigen retrieval (IHC): Choose HIER (citrate pH 6.0, Tris-EDTA pH 9.0) or enzyme retrieval based on epitope properties; validate conditions.
• Controls: Include isotype controls, secondary-only controls, and positive/negative biological controls.
• Handling: Minimize freeze–thaw; aliquot upon first thaw. Use low-protein-binding plastics. Filter buffers (0.22 µm) to reduce particulates.

Note: The above are general applications. Validation for SKU Ab089453 has not been provided in the product data.

Reaction Conditions

No item-specific reaction or assay conditions have been provided for this antibody.

General conditions for common antibody-related procedures (literature):

• NHS ester labeling (lysines): pH 7.5–8.5 in amine-free buffer (e.g., 50 mM sodium bicarbonate), 0.5–2 h at room temperature; quench with Tris or ethanolamine. Desalt to remove excess dye.
• Maleimide–thiol labeling (cysteines): Reduce interchain disulfides carefully (e.g., TCEP at 0.5–5 mM, 15–30 min) to expose limited thiols; react with maleimide at pH 6.5–7.2 for 1–2 h, 4–25°C. Avoid over-reduction to preserve structure.
• Protein A/G binding: Bind in neutral pH buffers with moderate ionic strength; elute at low pH (2.5–3.5 glycine) and immediately neutralize.
• WB/IHC/IF titration: Start at 0.1–2 µg/mL for primaries (WB/IF) and adjust empirically; incubation 1–16 h at 4–25°C depending on assay and affinity. These are generic starting points; performance is antibody- and antigen-dependent.

For SKU Ab089453, consult the CoA/Spec Sheet for any validated applications, recommended dilutions, or special handling instructions.

Safety and Handling

• Research use note: For research use only (not for diagnostic, clinical, or therapeutic applications).
• GHS classification, signal word, hazard statements, pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.

General laboratory safety for antibody reagents (literature/best practice):

• PPE: Wear lab coat, gloves, and safety glasses when handling liquid antibody formulations or lyophilized powders.
• Avoid aerosol generation and contact with skin/eyes. Wash thoroughly after handling.
• Storage incompatibilities: Avoid strong oxidizers and proteases; maintain cold chain to prevent protein degradation.
• Biological status: Antibody preparations may contain preservatives (e.g., sodium azide). Treat as potentially hazardous; azide is highly toxic and can form heavy-metal azides in plumbing—collect azide-containing waste appropriately. Preservatives for this item are Not specified.
• First aid (general): In case of skin/eye contact, rinse with water. If inhaled or ingested, seek medical advice; provide SDS to responders. Follow institutional biosafety procedures.
• Spill response: Absorb small spills with inert material, decontaminate surfaces with appropriate detergent; dispose as laboratory chemical/biological waste per local regulations.

Always defer to the product-specific Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for authoritative hazard, handling, and disposal guidance.

Solvent Selection

This product is an antibody and is typically supplied in an aqueous buffer or as a lyophilized solid, not used as a solvent.

Practical diluent/buffer selection for antibodies (general, literature):

• Working buffers: PBS or TBS at pH ~7.2–7.6 with 0.01–0.1% Tween-20 for immunoassays to reduce nonspecific binding. For ELISA coating, use carbonate–bicarbonate buffer pH 9.4–9.6 (antigen-dependent).
• Stabilizers: 10–50% glycerol enables storage at −20°C without freezing; sugars (trehalose/sucrose) protect during lyophilization. Presence/amount for this item: Not specified.
• Blocking agents: BSA, casein, fish gelatin, or serum. Choose based on downstream detection system and avoidance of cross-reactivity.
• Detergents: 0.05–0.1% Tween-20 for washes; avoid strong detergents (SDS) that denature antibodies unless for specific assay formats.
• Organic solvents: Generally avoided; even low percentages of DMSO/MeOH can destabilize some antibodies.

If formulating your own working solutions from SKU Ab089453, confirm the supplied buffer composition and any preservatives in the CoA/Spec Sheet to ensure compatibility with your assay.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage conditions (from product data): Store at −20°C. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
• Shipping (from product data): Shipped in ice chest with ice pads to maintain the cold chain.

If supplied lyophilized (status Not specified for this item):

• Reconstitution (general guidance): Spin vial briefly to collect contents. Reconstitute with sterile, antibody-grade water or buffer (e.g., PBS) to the desired concentration. Allow to dissolve gently on ice without vigorous vortexing. For long-term storage, add sterile glycerol to a final 40–50% and store at −20°C (do not freeze–thaw).

If supplied in solution (buffer composition Not specified for this item):

• Upon receipt: Inspect for precipitates or turbidity. Mix gently by inversion.
• Aliquoting: Prepare single-use aliquots in low-protein-binding tubes to prevent multiple freeze–thaw cycles.
• Short-term storage: 4°C for days to a few weeks depending on preservative content (not specified). Avoid microbial contamination.

General precautions:

• Do not heat-inactivate unless explicitly recommended; heat can denature antibodies.
• Avoid repeated freeze–thaw: each cycle can reduce binding activity via aggregation/fragmentation.

For exact reconstitution volumes, buffer composition, concentration, and preservative content for SKU Ab089453, refer to the CoA/Spec Sheet.

Structure and Identity

This product is an antibody reagent supplied for research use.

• SKU: Ab089453
• Product Name: ARC Antibody (target details not provided in the product data)
• CAS: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES / InChIKey: Not applicable to proteins; not specified for this item.

General antibody structure (literature):

• Antibodies are Y-shaped glycoproteins typically composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains linked by disulfide bonds to form a ~150 kDa IgG-like architecture (typical value, literature).
• Functional domains: two antigen-binding fragments (Fab) containing variable regions that define epitope specificity, and one crystallizable fragment (Fc) that mediates effector functions and binding to Protein A/G (isotype-dependent).
• Post-translational features: Potential N-linked glycosylation on Fc (IgG), with subclass- and expression-system-dependent heterogeneity (literature).

2D/3D structural description (general):

• The variable regions (VH/VL) fold into immunoglobulin domains forming complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) that create a paratope for antigen recognition. The Fc comprises CH2/CH3 domains that influence stability, solubility, and receptor interactions (literature).

Notes specific to this item:

• Host, isotype, clonality (mono/polyclonal), epitope, and sequence are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Synthetic Utility

Classical small-molecule synthetic utility does not apply to antibody reagents. However, antibodies are versatile scaffolds for bioconjugation and analytical chemistry workflows.

General utility in chemical biology (literature):

• Conjugation handles: Lysine ε-amines (NHS ester chemistry), reduced cysteines (maleimide/iodoacetamide), carbohydrate moieties on Fc (periodate oxidation followed by oxime/hydrazone ligation), and engineered tags (e.g., azide/alkyne for click chemistry).
• Reporter conjugates: Fluorophores (FITC, Alexa Fluor dyes), enzymes (HRP, AP), chelators (DOTA/NOTA for metal labeling), and oligonucleotides (for PLA or sequencing-based readouts).
• Immobilization: Passive adsorption to polystyrene (ELISA) or covalent coupling to activated matrices (CNBr-Sepharose, NHS-agarose) for affinity purification.
• Site-specific strategies: Enzymatic methods (Sortase A, Microbial transglutaminase, Glycoengineering) enable controlled drug-to-antibody ratios or uniform labeling.

Notes for this item:

• Isotype, host, and buffer composition can constrain permissible chemistries (e.g., presence of primary amines/BSA interferes with NHS ester labeling; azide interferes with copper-catalyzed click). These parameters for SKU Ab089453 are Not specified; verify via CoA/Spec Sheet before planning conjugation.

Target Specificity

Target information for SKU Ab089453 is not provided in the product data.

• Antigen name/epitope: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Species reactivity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Clonality (monoclonal/polyclonal), isotype, host: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Cross-reactivity and validation: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Please contact technical support with the lot number for detailed target specificity and validation data.