This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anilides. These are organic heterocyclic compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l not 0) by replacing an OH group by the NHPh group or derivative formed by ring substitution.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
Determine the necessary mass, volume, or concentration for preparing a solution.
Dilution Calculator
Determine the dilution needed to prepare a stock solution.
Reconstitution Calculator
Revisões
Avaliações dos Clientes
Application Protocols
No supplier-validated biological assay protocols are provided for this small-molecule impurity standard. The following general protocols pertain to analytical use; adapt to your method and consult the CoA/Spec Sheet.
General LC/LC–MS protocol (guidance)
Stock solution: Prepare ~0.5–2.0 mg/mL in ACN or MeOH; if insoluble, use DMSO as a cosolvent. Filter through 0.2 µm PTFE if particulate is observed.
Working standards: Serially dilute into initial mobile phase (or sample matrix) to prepare calibration levels spanning expected impurity limits (e.g., 0.02–1.0% relative to API).
Chromatography: C18 or phenyl-hexyl columns often provide good selectivity for anilide-like compounds. Use volatile buffers for MS detection (e.g., 10 mM ammonium formate, pH ~3–6) or phosphate for UV-only systems.
System suitability: Verify resolution between Impurity E and bupivacaine peaks; assess tailing factor, theoretical plates, and %RSD for replicate injections.
qNMR (if quantitative standardization is needed)
Dissolve in a suitable deuterated solvent with internal standard (e.g., DSS or maleic acid) and acquire sufficient scans for S/N. Validate purity assignment and balance-of-impurities approach per internal SOPs.
Note: Parameters above are general and must be tailored after confirming the specific properties of the supplied batch.
Biological Roles
Item-specific biological function data are not provided for Bupivacaine Impurity E. As an impurity of a local anesthetic, it is not intended for biological or clinical use and is supplied strictly for research and analytical applications.
General considerations (non-item-specific)
Structure–activity context: Minor structural variations in anilide-type local anesthetics can markedly influence physicochemical properties (lipophilicity, pKa) and, consequently, membrane permeability and ion-channel interactions. The specific biological activity of Impurity E is not defined here and should not be inferred without primary data.
ADME perspective: Related substances may differ in metabolic stability or protein binding; however, no ADME data are available for this item. Any biological testing must be conducted under appropriate research approvals and is outside the intended QC reference use.
Research relevance
Primary role: Reference standard to track and quantify a defined impurity in APIs/formulations and to support stability studies—ensuring patient safety and product quality in regulated environments. No therapeutic or in vivo use is implied or permitted by this listing.
Compliance note
Follow institutional policies for handling chemicals with unknown biological profiles. Do not use in diagnostic procedures or in human/animal administration.
Buffer Applications
Not typically applicable for this compound as a buffer component. Bupivacaine Impurity E is used as an analytical/reference standard rather than as a buffering agent.
Analytical buffer context (general)
In LC/LC–MS methods for impurity profiling, volatile buffers are commonly used: 5–20 mM ammonium formate or acetate in water, with pH adjusted by formic/acetic acid or ammonia as needed. These support ESI sensitivity while maintaining compatibility with ACN/MeOH.
For purely UV-based HPLC, phosphate buffers (e.g., 10–50 mM, pH 2–7) can enhance chromatographic robustness; however, they are incompatible with MS sources and require dedicated non-MS systems.
Practical tips
Match sample diluent to the initial mobile phase (±10% organic) to avoid peak fronting/tailing. Confirm that the chosen buffer does not promote on-column degradation or ion-pairing with basic analytes.
Verify pH stability of the analyte in your chosen buffer by short-term stressed holds (autosampler temperature, run time) before full validation.
Green Alternatives
Because Bupivacaine Impurity E is primarily used as an analytical reference, the “green” focus centers on solvent and method choices for chromatography and sample preparation rather than on the compound itself.
Greener method considerations (general)
Prefer water-rich mobile phases with volatile, low-toxicity modifiers (e.g., ammonium acetate/formate) where resolution and sensitivity permit.
Use acetonitrile over chloroform/dichloromethane for sample preparation when feasible; consider ethyl acetate or 2‑MeTHF for extractions instead of halogenated solvents if partitioning allows.
For LC, optimize gradients and column selectivity (core–shell particles, smaller ID columns) to reduce solvent consumption per analysis.
Explore supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC, CO2 with alcohol co-solvents) for rapid separations with reduced organic solvent use, if ionization/detection requirements are compatible.
Acetonitrile vs Methanol: ACN provides lower viscosity and often sharper peaks (less backpressure), while MeOH is less toxic and lower cost but can lengthen run times. Choice depends on selectivity and sensitivity.
DMSO stocks vs ACN/MeOH: DMSO enables higher solubility but is less volatile and can broaden peaks at high injection ratios—keep final DMSO ≤1–2% in injection solvent.
Waste minimization
Pool stability/validation runs to limit repeats; employ microvials and low-flow LC methods to reduce per-sample solvent use.
Pharmaceutical Uses
No therapeutic or excipient use is claimed or intended for Bupivacaine Impurity E. It is provided strictly for research use only.
Role in pharmaceutical quality (general)
Reference standard: Utilized to identify and quantify the specific related substance “Impurity E” in bupivacaine drug substance and product per ICH Q3A/B and Q1A stability guidelines.
Method development: Supports selectivity assessments, system suitability, and resolution checks for stability-indicating HPLC/UPLC and LC–MS methods.
Release and stability testing: Assists in establishing impurity limits, degradation pathways, and shelf-life modeling by enabling accurate tracking of the impurity under stressed and long-term storage conditions.
Regulatory considerations (general)
Ensure traceability of the standard’s identity and purity via CoA and maintain storage/handling per supplier instructions to preserve validity in GMP settings.
When used in GMP QC, document potency corrections (assigned purity, water/residual solvent) and solution stability according to your quality system.
Note: This product is for laboratory research and analytical use only; it is not listed in pharmacopeias here and carries no clinical or diagnostic claims.
Physical Properties
Item-specific properties
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Melting point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Boiling point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Refractive index: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
UV/Vis characteristics: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General/literature guidance (non-item-specific)
Bupivacaine-related impurities are commonly organic solids or oils. Many anilide-like compounds show appreciable solubility in polar aprotic solvents (e.g., acetonitrile, DMSO) and in alcohols (e.g., methanol) used for LC/LC–MS, but exact solubility must be verified empirically for Impurity E.
If UV detection is used, aryl amide chromophores often absorb in the 200–280 nm range; however, the specific λmax and extinction coefficient of Impurity E are unknown here and must be obtained from CoA or determined experimentally.
Practical tips
For initial handling, prepare small test solutions (e.g., 0.1–1 mg/mL) in HPLC-grade acetonitrile, methanol, and/or DMSO to rapidly screen solubility and detector response for your method.
Record solution stability over time (bench, autosampler) and under light to establish method robustness. Defer to the batch CoA/SDS for definitive, item-specific parameters.
Quality and Grades
Item-specific notes
Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet for assay, related substances, and residual solvent limits.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Impurity/reference-standard context (general)
Impurity standards are typically supplied with a Certificate of Analysis documenting identity confirmation (e.g., HPLC/UPLC purity, LC–MS/HRMS, 1H/13C NMR), and, where applicable, water/content by Karl Fischer and residual solvents (GC). Exact specifications for Bupivacaine Impurity E must be taken from the batch CoA.
If the standard is intended for quantitative use, check whether it is provided as neat material or with a defined content on as-is basis; evaluate assigned purity and any balance-of-impurities approach required for potency correction.
Practical guidance
For pharmacopeial or ICH-compliant impurity profiling, ensure traceable identity/purity with documented analytical data, and store the standard in conditions matching the CoA to preserve validity.
When using for LC/LC–MS method validation, establish solution stability, autosampler stability, and carryover with your matrices and mobile phases.
If UV cutoff/absorptivity is critical, confirm spectral data in the CoA or measure under your method conditions.
Reaction and Applications
Analytical applications (most relevant)
Impurity profiling: Use as a qualified reference to identify/quantify Bupivacaine Impurity E in API and formulation studies, supporting ICH Q3A/B impurity specifications and stability-indicating method development.
System suitability and specificity: Useful during method development to demonstrate chromatographic resolution from bupivacaine and other related substances.
Forced degradation studies: Spike into stressed samples to confirm peak purity and ensure that degradant peaks are baseline-resolved and assigned.
Calibration/validation: Prepare multi-point calibration curves for linearity, establish LOD/LOQ, precision, accuracy (recovery in matrix), and robustness under intended conditions (mobile phase, pH, gradient).
Synthetic/process development (general)
Route scouting: Presence/levels of specific impurities guide optimization of acylation, coupling, and workup conditions in bupivacaine manufacturing.
Mechanistic insight: Monitoring impurity growth under varied temperature, pH, and reagent ratios suggests degradation or side-reaction pathways (e.g., amide hydrolysis, N-dealkylation, rearrangements)—the exact relevance to Impurity E should be confirmed with structural data.
Not typically used as a reagent
Bupivacaine Impurity E is not commonly employed as a synthetic building block. Its primary value is as an analytical reference. Any chemical transformations should be undertaken only to confirm identity/stability and not as routine synthetic utility.
Reaction Conditions
Not typically applicable as this item is used as an analytical/reference standard rather than as a reagent. However, for laboratories performing stress-testing or derivatization strictly for characterization, the following general guidance applies (non-item-specific):
General stress conditions (analytical)
Acid/base hydrolysis: 0.1–1 M HCl or NaOH, ambient to 60 °C, 1–24 h, to map stability-indicating behavior and potential degradants. Quench and neutralize prior to LC analysis.
Oxidative stress: 0.1–3% H2O2 at ambient temperature for defined times; monitor for over-oxidation. Protect from metals that can catalyze radical pathways.
Thermal/photolytic stress: 40–80 °C in dry/wet states; ICH light exposure where relevant. Track impurity growth and mass balance.
Derivatization (if used for confirmation; general)
For amide/aniline-like analytes, dansylation/acylation or carbamate formation can aid in detection or chiral separation, but applicability to Impurity E depends on its actual functional groups (not specified here).
Caution
Do not assume these conditions are safe or appropriate for Impurity E without structural confirmation. Always conduct micro-scale pilots and align with your method validation plan. SDS and CoA should guide any handling and stress-exposure studies.
Safety and Handling
Item-specific safety
GHS classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
Signal word / H-statements / pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
Storage conditions: Room temperature (per Product Data). Protect from moisture/contaminants. Keep container tightly closed.
General laboratory precautions (not item-specific; defer to SDS)
Handle in a chemical fume hood wearing appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and suitable chemical-resistant gloves. Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin/eye contact.
Avoid contact with strong oxidizers and strong acids/bases until compatibility is confirmed. Use only clean, dry tools and containers to prevent cross-contamination of impurity standards.
If dusts or aerosols can form, use local exhaust; minimize static accumulation when weighing.
First-aid overview (general)
Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin/eye contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Seek medical attention.
Spill and disposal (general)
Small spills: Absorb with inert material, collect in chemical waste container.
Disposal: Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional regulations. Do not release to the environment.
Note: Always consult the Aladdin Scientific SDS for the definitive, batch-specific hazard information and handling guidance.
Solvent Selection
Item-specific solubility and solvent recommendations are not specified for this item; consult the CoA/Spec Sheet and verify empirically. The guidance below is general for bupivacaine-related impurities used in analytical workflows.
General solvent considerations (analytical use)
Primary LC diluents: HPLC-grade acetonitrile (ACN) and methanol (MeOH) are typical for stock/intermediate solutions owing to broad solvency and LC compatibility.
Strong solvents for stock: DMSO can be used for concentrated stocks when ACN/MeOH solubility is limited; dilute into initial mobile phase immediately prior to injection to avoid peak distortion.
Aqueous compatibility: If aqueous diluents are required, use water with volatile modifiers (e.g., 0.1% formic acid or ammonium formate/acetate) aligned to detector and ionization mode.
Polarity and miscibility (general)
Expected behavior: Bupivacaine analogs are moderately lipophilic and typically show good solubility in polar aprotic and alcoholic solvents; exact behavior of Impurity E must be confirmed experimentally.
Selection tips
For UV/FLD: Choose ACN over MeOH if late eluters/viscosity are concerns; MeOH may enhance resolution for certain positional isomers.
For LC–MS: Use LC–MS-grade ACN/MeOH with volatile buffers (e.g., 5–20 mM ammonium formate/acetate). Avoid non-volatile salts and phosphate buffers to preserve ion source cleanliness.
For qNMR: Select deuterated solvents guided by observed solubility (e.g., CD3OD, DMSO‑d6, CDCl3), verifying chemical shift dispersion and stability over time.
Storage and Reconstitution
Item-specific storage
Storage conditions: Room temperature (per Product Data). Keep tightly sealed in original container. Store in a dry, clean environment away from reactive chemicals. Protect from excessive heat and light as a general precaution.
Shipped in: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Reconstitution and solution handling (general guidance)
Initial dissolution: Start with HPLC-grade acetonitrile or methanol. If needed, use a small fraction of DMSO to aid solubilization, then dilute into the intended mobile phase for analysis.
Concentration: Prepare concentrated stocks (e.g., 0.5–10 mg/mL) only after confirming solubility; filter if necessary to remove particulates.
Solution stability: Establish bench and autosampler stability under your conditions (e.g., 4–25 °C, light protection). Without item-specific data, prepare fresh solutions frequently for quantitative work.
Containers: Use amber glass vials with PTFE-lined caps to minimize adsorption and permeation. Rinse vials with diluent prior to use to reduce carryover.
Shelf-life and retesting
Follow the retest date on the CoA where provided. If not available, implement a periodic verification (e.g., HPLC purity check) on retained material.
Note: For definitive storage and reconstitution instructions (including any hygroscopicity or light sensitivity), consult the specific batch CoA and SDS.
Structure and Identity
Overview: Bupivacaine Impurity E is an analytical/reference impurity related to the local anesthetic bupivacaine. It is intended for research and quality-control use (e.g., method development, system suitability, impurity profiling). Item-specific identifiers below are provided from the product data; structural details beyond these are not specified for this item.
Item-specific (from Product Data)
CAS: 1330172-81-0
PubChem CID: 71314334
InChIKey: 192508 (as provided)
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Structural features
Functional/series context (general): As an “impurity of bupivacaine,” the structure is typically a close analog or process-/degradation-related variant of the parent amide anesthetic. Exact functional groups and substitution pattern for Impurity E are not specified here and should be confirmed from the CoA, spectral pack, or primary literature for this CAS.
2D structural description (general): Bupivacaine analogs commonly feature an anilide (aryl amide) core with a tertiary aminoalkyl side chain. The precise atom connectivity, stereochemistry, and substituent pattern of Impurity E are not provided in this listing and must be verified from the supplied documentation before use in structural or quantitative assignments.
Traceability
For definitive identity confirmation in your lab, use orthogonal characterization (e.g., 1H/13C NMR, HRMS/LC–MS, and, where relevant, chiral HPLC) against the reference data supplied with the batch CoA.
Synthetic Utility
Primary purpose
Bupivacaine Impurity E is intended as an analytical reference, not as a synthetic intermediate or reagent.
Contextual utility (general)
Process development: Tracking this impurity can reveal mechanistic insights into side reactions during synthesis of bupivacaine or its precursors (e.g., amide coupling conditions, acylation selectivity, tertiary amine stability). Reducing its formation can improve API quality.
Degradation mapping: If Impurity E forms under specific stressors (acid/base, oxidative, thermal, photolytic), its presence can guide mitigation strategies in formulation and packaging. Definitive pathways for Impurity E should be derived from structure-specific studies.
Analytical chemistry value
Serves as a calibrant for quantification, enabling accurate mass balance and peak assignment in chromatographic purity profiles.
Facilitates column/method scouting to resolve closely eluting related substances, which can in turn inform upstream purification strategy in process chemistry.
Note
Without item-specific structural data in this listing, no named reactions, reactivity patterns, or protecting-group strategies can be reliably prescribed for Impurity E. Consult structural documentation (CoA/spectral pack) before considering any transformations or stability studies.
Target Specificity
Not applicable. This product is a small-molecule impurity standard and is not an antibody, enzyme, or affinity reagent. There are no item-specific biological targets, epitopes, species reactivity, clones, or isotypes associated with Bupivacaine Impurity E.
We use cookies to ensure the website functions properly and, where permitted, to improve your experience. You can manage your preferences at any time in Settings. Learn more in our Cookie Policy.
Shall we send you a message when we have discounts available?
Remind me later
Thank you! Please check your email inbox to confirm.
Products are supplied to verified businesses, institutions, and qualified professionals for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.
