1,700+ technical articles by Aladdin Scientific's scientists on reagent selection, reaction mechanisms, assay design and formulation. New every week.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is jointly driven by hepatic fat accumulation, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and fibrosis. Targeting lipid metabolism, nuclear receptors, incretin pathways, and FGF signaling has become a major direction in drug development.
Carbonic anhydrases maintain tissue acid-base balance and gas transport by catalyzing the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. Abnormal expression of different isoenzymes can contribute to tumor acidification, glaucoma, abnormal neuronal excitability, and metabolic disorders.
This article primarily refers to the study by Badland et al., entitled “A comparative study of amide-bond forming reagents in aqueous media—Substrate scope and reagent compatibility,” published in Tetrahedron Letters.
TL1A amplifies Th1/Th17 immune responses through DR3 and participates in intestinal mucosal inflammation, synovial injury, psoriatic lesions, and intestinal wall fibrosis. It has become an important target for autoimmune disease mechanism research and antibody drug development.
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are a class of heterobifunctional molecules that selectively reduce the abundance of a protein of interest by harnessing the cellular ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS). They represent an important modality within the field of targeted protein ...
ANGPT2 weakens TIE2-mediated vascular stabilization signals, making tumor vessels more responsive to VEGF and contributing to abnormal angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and tolerance to anti-angiogenic therapy.
Oxetanes, azetidines, thietanes, and cyclobutanes are all saturated four-membered rings. Their overall carbon frameworks are similar, with the principal difference lying in the atom or group within the ring that connects the three-carbon fragment. In conventional synthesis, however, replacing ...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles released by cells into the extracellular environment. They are enclosed by a lipid bilayer and are incapable of self-replication. Their lumens and membrane surfaces may carry proteins, lipids, messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), metabolites, and ...
Protein-directed evolution achieves continuous optimization of catalytic activity, stability, and substrate specificity through repeated cycles of gene diversification, variant expression, functional screening, and enrichment of beneficial mutations, without relying completely on prior knowledge ...