Glyparamide - 10mM in DMSO , CAS No.5581-42-0

CAS: 5581-42-0 Cat. No.: G655982 Fórmula: C₁₅H₁₆ClN₃O₃S Peso molecular: 353.82 PubChem CID: 246940

GRAU & PUREZA 10mM in DMSO

Storage

Store at -80°C

Shipped In

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

Visão geral

Glyparamide is an orally active chlorophenyl-containing sulfonylurea. Glyparamide shows hypoglycemic activity and rarely causes hepatic injury.

Especificações

Especificações e pureza

10mM in DMSO

Mecanismos bioquímicos e fisiológicos

Glyparamide is an orally active chlorophenyl-containing sulfonylurea. Glyparamide shows hypoglycemic activity and rarely causes hepatic injury.

Condições de armazenamento de armazenamento

Store at -80°C

Enviado em

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

Este produto requer transporte de cadeia fria. Serviços terrestres e outros serviços econômicos não estão disponíveis.

Nomes e identificadores

SMILES isoméricas

CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl

PubChem CID

246940

Peso molecular

353.82

Application Protocols

No manufacturer-tested application protocols are provided for this item.

General protocol framework for small-molecule screening (to be adapted by the user):

• Stock preparation: Dissolve compound in DMSO to 10–50 mM (as solubility permits). Vortex, sonicate briefly if needed, and visually confirm clarity. Aliquot into low-bind tubes; store at −80 °C.
• Working dilutions: Prepare serial dilutions in DMSO (e.g., 10-point 3-fold series). Add to assay plates to achieve final vehicle ≤0.5–1% v/v unless your assay tolerates more.
• Plate handling: Use low-dead-volume tips, seal plates to minimize evaporation, and equilibrate to assay temperature prior to readout.
• Quality controls: Include vehicle-only controls, positive control (if available), and orthogonal readouts to check for assay interference or precipitation.
• Data integrity: Record lot number, stock concentration, solvent composition, and freeze–thaw count for each aliquot used.

Note: These are general research practices; optimize parameters (concentrations, incubation times, buffers) for your specific assay system.

Biological Roles

Item-specific biological mechanism or target information is not provided in the product data. No claims of biological activity are made for this listing beyond its availability as a research compound.

General guidance for researchers:

• If biological evaluation is intended, first confirm the exact chemical structure and purity (see Structure & Identity and Quality & Grades). Use the CAS number (5581-42-0) to locate peer-reviewed literature and database annotations, then verify consistency with the supplied material’s CoA.
• Prior to cell-based or biochemical assays, establish compound handling parameters: solvent tolerance of the assay system, maximum non-cytotoxic vehicle percentage (e.g., DMSO), and potential assay interferences (fluorescence, redox, aggregation). Run appropriate vehicle and orthogonal controls.
• If a putative target or pathway is reported in the literature, validate with orthogonal assays, counter-screens, and, where feasible, genetic controls (e.g., target knockdown/knockout) to reduce the risk of off-target interpretation.

Important note:

• This product is for research use only. It is not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical applications. Any discussion of biological roles should be framed as basic research inquiry, with experimental confirmation performed under your laboratory’s biosafety and chemical safety protocols.

Buffer Applications

This product is a small-molecule research compound rather than a buffering agent. No dedicated buffer system is associated with it.

Practical considerations when using in buffered assays (general guidance):

• Vehicle effects: Keep DMSO or other organic vehicle below the assay’s tolerated threshold (commonly ≤0.5–1% v/v in many biochemical assays; verify empirically).
• Common assay buffers: Phosphate (PBS, 10–50 mM, pH 7.2–7.6) or HEPES (10–50 mM, pH 7.0–7.5) are frequently used; ensure the compound remains in solution upon dilution from organic stock.
• Order of addition: Add the compound stock slowly with mixing to the buffer or media to minimize local supersaturation and precipitation.
• Filtration: If particulate is observed, filter through 0.2 µm PTFE (organic-rich) or PVDF/nylon (mostly aqueous) filters, recognizing possible adsorption losses for hydrophobic compounds.
• Stability: Monitor for hydrolysis or oxidative degradation in buffer by time-course LC–MS/UV where relevant. Prepare fresh working solutions as needed to ensure reproducibility.

Green Alternatives

With no item-specific solvent or process requirements provided, greening efforts focus on solvent choices for dissolution, formulation, and analytical workflows.

Greener choices (general guidance):

• Prefer water or aqueous buffers where feasible; use minimal organic co-solvent.
• If an organic stock is needed, ethanol is typically greener than methanol, acetonitrile, DMF, or DMSO (per common solvent selection guides). 2-Propanol can sometimes substitute methanol for sample preparation.
• For normal-phase workups or recrystallizations, consider ethyl acetate or isopropyl acetate instead of dichloromethane or chloroform, if compatible with the compound’s polarity and stability.

Illustrative solvent comparison (general):

• Water/buffer: Best EHS profile; limited by intrinsic solubility and stability.
• Ethanol: Bio-based options; broadly acceptable in bioassays at low % v/v.
• 2-MeTHF/CPME (for synthetic steps, if applicable): Greener ethers compared to THF/Et2O; not typically needed for dissolution-only tasks.
• Avoid where possible: DMF, NMP, and chlorinated solvents due to regulatory and EHS concerns, unless justified by performance and contained appropriately.

Implementation tips:

• Start with the greenest solvent likely to succeed; escalate only if solubility or stability demands it.
• Document and justify any use of higher-impact solvents; plan recovery or minimization strategies (micro-scale prep, solvent recycling).

Pharmaceutical Uses

No pharmaceutical or clinical use claims are made for this item. It is supplied strictly for research use only.

Context (general information for formulation scientists working in research settings):

• If used in pre-formulation or enabling studies (non-clinical), typical research vehicles include aqueous buffers with co-solvent (e.g., DMSO, ethanol, PEG400) or lipid-based systems, selected based on solubility and stability. Such studies are exploratory and not for human or veterinary use.
• No pharmacopeial status (USP/EP/JP) or compendial monograph is provided for this item. Any comparison to excipient or API-grade materials is not applicable here.
• If material is to be used as a reference in analytical method development, ensure the CoA includes purity data and, if quantitative use is intended, perform a primary assay (e.g., qNMR) to establish content on an anhydrous basis.

Regulatory note:

• For any work beyond basic research (e.g., GLP tox screening, IND-enabling), appropriate grades, documentation, and quality systems are required. This listing does not represent such material.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physical constants were not provided in the product data.

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point (literature): Not specified here; consult primary databases or literature and confirm against the CoA for the supplied lot.
• Boiling point (literature): Not typically applicable if the compound is non-volatile or decomposes; confirm via literature if needed.
• Density, refractive index, logP, pKa, UV cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet or literature as appropriate.
• Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. Practical guidance is provided below.

Practical guidance (general laboratory practice):

• Perform a small-scale solubility screen in DMSO (analytical grade), methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, DMF, and water or buffer (pH 7.4) to determine suitable vehicles for stock solutions. Start at 1–10 mg/mL.
• For HTS/chemical biology use, DMSO stocks at 10–50 mM are typical (general practice; verify compatibility with your assay).
• If the compound is poorly soluble, consider gentle warming (≤40 °C), brief sonication, or co-solvent systems (e.g., DMSO:water 1:1, or DMSO:PEG400:water), and filter (0.2 µm PTFE) if needed.
• Record the exact solvent composition used for downstream reproducibility and report it alongside concentration in methods sections.

Quality and Grades

• Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet for assay (e.g., HPLC area %), residual solvents, and analytical data.

How to interpret grades and documentation (general guidance):

• Library/Screening compounds are typically supplied with identity confirmation (e.g., LC–MS, 1H NMR) and purity by HPLC/UPLC. Verify acceptance criteria (e.g., ≥95% area by HPLC) on the lot-specific CoA if present.
• If UV-sensitive or impurity-prone, stabilizers or packaging under inert atmosphere may be used; none are specified for this item.
• For analytical use (e.g., reference standard), ensure the documentation includes retention time, method, and chromatograms suitable for your lab’s confirmation. If quantitative reference use is intended, obtain (or request) assay on anhydrous basis, water content (KF), and residual solvent data.

Batch-to-batch considerations:

• Record lot number in all experiments. For structure-activity studies, confirm identity via orthogonal techniques (LC–MS + NMR) when feasible.
• If a grade compatible with regulated workflows is required (e.g., USP/EP compendial reference, GMP), note that none is stated here; this product is designated For research use only.

Reaction and Applications

Item-specific reactivity or application notes are not provided. Glyparamide is listed within a small-molecule/compound library category, indicating typical use in chemical biology, screening, or probe development workflows rather than as a bulk reagent or synthetic solvent.

General research applications for library compounds (non-clinical):

• Primary/secondary screening in biochemical or cell-based assays to establish activity profiles, followed by hit confirmation and counter-screens for assay interference.
• Physicochemical profiling: solubility, stability (chemical and metabolic, if applicable), lipophilicity (shake-flask logD), and permeability (PAMPA/MDCK), as appropriate.
• Analytical characterization: establish reference spectra (1H/13C NMR, LC–MS, HRMS), and, if needed, purity upgrades by prep-HPLC.

Practical tips:

• Prepare DMSO stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM) and aliquot to avoid repeated freeze–thaw. Confirm absence of precipitate after aqueous dilution to the intended assay concentration.
• Validate that signals are not due to aggregation or assay interference (e.g., perform detergent controls, redox interference checks, or PAINS/outlier filters in silico, when structure is available).
• If synthetic derivatization is planned, obtain or confirm the exact structure, and map potential liabilities (hydrolysis, oxidation) by forced degradation studies.

Reaction Conditions

No reaction conditions are specified for this item, and the absence of structural information prevents recommending transformation-specific conditions.

General guidance for handling in discovery chemistry or analytical contexts:

• Solution preparation: Dissolve in DMSO or another suitable solvent established by a solubility screen. Gentle warming (≤40 °C) and sonication can aid dissolution.
• Stability checks: Conduct short-term stability assessments at room temperature and assay temperature in the chosen solvent system (e.g., LC–MS at 0, 2, 24 h).
• If chemical modification is planned, select conditions based on confirmed functional groups and their tolerance windows (e.g., avoid strong base with base-labile motifs; avoid strong oxidants with easily oxidized motifs). Without structure, conditions must be determined empirically.

Documentation:

• Record all tested solvents, temperatures, and observed stability/solubility outcomes. Include chromatographic methods used (column, gradient, detection wavelength) for traceable reproducibility.

Safety and Handling

Safety information was not provided for this specific item; consult the SDS for authoritative guidance.

• GHS classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Signal word / H-statements / Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.

General laboratory precautions for small-molecule research compounds:

• PPE: Wear lab coat, safety glasses, and appropriate gloves (e.g., nitrile). Use in a chemical fume hood to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors.
• Avoid ingestion, inhalation, and skin/eye contact. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not pipette by mouth.
• Storage incompatibilities: Unknown for this specific item; segregate from strong oxidizers, strong acids/bases until compatibility is confirmed via SDS.
• Hygroscopicity/light sensitivity: Not specified; store tightly closed, under inert headspace if feasible, minimizing freeze–thaw (see Storage & Reconstitution).
• First aid (overview; defer to SDS): In case of skin/eye contact, rinse with water for ≥15 minutes and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air. If ingested, seek medical attention; do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
• Spill response: Avoid dust generation; collect with inert absorbent, place in compatible container, and clean area with appropriate solvent while using PPE.
• Waste: Dispose of according to institutional hazardous waste procedures and local regulations.

Solvent Selection

Because item-specific solubility data are not provided, select solvents empirically using a small solubility screen.

General solvent strategy for small-molecule library compounds:

• Primary stock solvent: DMSO (analytical grade) is the default due to broad solvency and assay compatibility at ≤1–2% v/v in most biochemical assays.
• Polar protic options: Methanol or ethanol can be useful for initial dissolution; ensure assay compatibility and volatility considerations.
• Polar aprotic options: DMF or acetonitrile can improve solubility for polar or crystalline compounds; validate biological compatibility.
• Aqueous systems: If water solubility is desired, adjust pH with minimal buffers (e.g., 10–50 mM HEPES or phosphate) or use co-solvents (DMSO:water, EtOH:water). Avoid precipitation upon dilution by adding the organic stock slowly with mixing.

Decision hints:

• If the compound bears ionizable groups (unknown here), solubility may increase by pH adjustment within a non-degradative range.
• For LC–MS sample prep, ACN:water or MeOH:water (0.1% formic acid) are standard; filter or centrifuge prior to injection.
• For crystallization or recovery, antisolvent strategies (e.g., water into MeOH) can be explored after confirming chemical stability.

Documentation:

• Always document solvent, concentration, and any pH/vehicle used; these parameters critically influence reproducibility and bioassay outcomes.

Storage and Reconstitution

Item-specific guidance from product data:

• Storage conditions: Store at −80 °C.
• Shipped in: Dry ice packs + Cold packs.

Additional best practices for small-molecule research compounds:

• Container: Store in airtight, chemically compatible vials (e.g., amber glass) with PTFE-lined caps. If hygroscopic or light-sensitive (not specified), use desiccant and light protection.
• Atmosphere: Consider inert headspace (argon or nitrogen) to minimize oxidative degradation when long-term storage is anticipated.
• Aliquoting: Upon first opening, immediately subdivide into single-use aliquots to avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles. Record creation date and lot.
• Reconstitution: Choose solvent based on a brief solubility screen (see Solvent Selection). DMSO is a common choice for 10–50 mM stocks in screening workflows. Mix thoroughly (vortex/sonicate) until homogeneous.
• Freeze–thaw: Minimize cycles; track the number of thaws per aliquot. Thaw on ice or at room temperature, keeping containers closed to prevent moisture ingress and evaporation.
• Stability monitoring: Periodically verify integrity by LC–MS/HPLC. If discoloration, precipitate, or unexpected assay behavior appears, prepare a fresh aliquot.
• Documentation: Record storage temperature, solvent used for stocks, and any observed stability notes in your ELN for reproducibility.

Research Use Note: For research use only.

Structure and Identity

Brief overview: This listing is for Glyparamide (CAS 5581-42-0), offered as a small-molecule library compound for research use.

• Product name: Glyparamide
• CAS: 5581-42-0
• PubChem CID: 246940 (catalog cross-reference; consult primary literature)
• InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Structural description:

• Item-specific structural features (ring systems, functional groups, stereochemistry): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Notes for researchers:

• If a structure is required for cheminformatics, docking, QSAR, or analytical confirmation, retrieve the structure from an authoritative database using the CAS or CID, then verify against the lot-specific CoA or NMR/LC–MS data.
• For identity confirmation in-house, typical approaches include 1H/13C NMR, LC–MS with exact mass match, and, if needed, HRMS. Prepare samples based on solubility tests (see Solvent Selection).

Synthetic Utility

Synthetic applications cannot be detailed without confirmed structural information. No functional group or reactivity profile is provided in the product data for Glyparamide.

General considerations if derivatization is planned (structure to be verified independently):

• Obtain or confirm a full structural assignment (1D/2D NMR, HRMS). If stereocenters are present (unknown here), determine configuration and potential for epimerization.
• Map potential liabilities by stress testing (acid/base, oxidative, thermal, photolytic) to guide protecting-group strategy or late-stage diversification.
• Plan orthogonal analytics (LC–MS, UPLC, chiral HPLC if relevant) for rapid reaction scouting.
• For scale-up of any transformations, perform calorimetry and hazard screening when functional groups with energetic behavior (e.g., azides, nitro, peroxides) are suspected—none are specified here.

If the intent is solely screening/biological evaluation, synthetic utility is typically not applicable; instead, prioritize consistent handling, stock preparation, and stability tracking.

Target Specificity

No target, binding partner, or specificity data are provided for this product. This listing does not include biological target annotations, affinity constants, or selectivity profiles.

Guidance for researchers (general):

• If a putative target is identified from literature (using CAS 5581-42-0 or CID 246940), independently validate in your assay system. Employ orthogonal binding/functional assays and appropriate negative/positive controls.
• Assess off-target risk and selectivity using counterscreens relevant to the biological space under investigation.
• Document the assay format, detection technology, and any potential interference mechanisms (fluorescence overlap, redox cycling, aggregation) to contextualize observed activities.

Perguntas frequentes

How should this product be stored?

Store at ?80 °C. Ultra-low temperature storage is required to maintain the specified shelf life.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships frozen with dry ice and cold packs. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above; handle dry ice with insulated gloves in a ventilated area.

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is 5581-42-0, the molecular formula is C15H16ClN3O3S, and the molecular weight is 353.82 g/mol.

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.