Kainic acid - Moligand™, 10mM in DMSO , Agonist of GluK1;Agonist of GluK2;Agonist of GluK3;Agonist of GluK4;Agonist of GluK5, CAS No.487-79-6, Agonist of GluK1;Agonist of GluK2;Agonist of GluK3;Agonist of GluK4;Agonist of GluK5

CAS: 487-79-6 Cat. No.: K276587 Molecular Weight: 213.233

GRADE & PURITY Moligand™, 10mM in DMSO

Synonyms

Acide kainique | Digenic acid | Helminal | L-alpha-Kainic acid | Digenin | kainic acid | Kainate | Acido kainico | Digensaeure

Storage

Desiccated,Store at -80°C

Shipped In

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

Overview

Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures.

Specifications

Synonyms

Acide kainique | Digenic acid | Helminal | L-alpha-Kainic acid | Digenin | kainic acid | Kainate | Acido kainico | Digensaeure

Specifications & Purity

Moligand™, 10mM in DMSO

Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms

Prototypic agonist at the kainate class of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Potent excitant and neurotoxin, used to model epilepsy and neurodegenerative states. Soluble in 1 ml water to give specified mM/ml concentration. Find out more.

Storage

Desiccated, Store at -80°C

Shipped In

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Grade

Moligand™

Action Type

AGONIST

Mechanism of action

Agonist of GluK1;Agonist of GluK2;Agonist of GluK3;Agonist of GluK4;Agonist of GluK5

Note

Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C. Generally, these will be useable for up to one month. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour. Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please visit our frequently asked questions (FAQ) page for more details.

Names and Identifiers

• Canonical Smiles: CC(=C)C1CNC(C1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
• IUPAC Name: (2S,3S,4S)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-prop-1-en-2-ylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
• InChIKey: VLSMHEGGTFMBBZ-OOZYFLPDSA-N
• INCHI: 1S/C10H15NO4/c1-5(2)7-4-11-9(10(14)15)6(7)3-8(12)13/h6-7,9,11H,1,3-4H2,2H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)/t6-,7+,9-/m0/s1
• Isomeric SMILES: CC(=C)[C@H]1CN[C@@H]([C@H]1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
• Molecular Weight: 213.233
• Reaxy-Rn: 202226
• Reaxys-RN_link_address: https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=202226&ln=

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomy Tree

• Kingdom Organic compounds
  • Superclass Organic acids and derivatives
    • Class Carboxylic acids and derivatives
      • Subclass Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
        • Level5 Amino acids and derivatives
          • Level6 Kainoids

• Kingdom: Organic compounds
• Superclass: Organic acids and derivatives
• Class: Carboxylic acids and derivatives
• Subclass: Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
• Intermediate Tree Nodes: Amino acids and derivatives
• Direct Parent: Kainoids
• Alternative Parents: Proline and derivatives L-alpha-amino acids Pyrrolidine carboxylic acids Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives Amino acids Dialkylamines Carboxylic acids Azacyclic compounds Organopnictogen compounds Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives Carbonyl compounds
• Molecular Framework: Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
• Substituents: Kainoid skeleton - Proline or derivatives - Alpha-amino acid - Alpha-amino acid or derivatives - L-alpha-amino acid - Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid - Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives - Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives - Pyrrolidine - Amino acid - Carboxylic acid - Secondary aliphatic amine - Azacycle - Organoheterocyclic compound - Secondary amine - Organonitrogen compound - Organic oxide - Organopnictogen compound - Organic nitrogen compound - Organooxygen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organic oxygen compound - Amine - Carbonyl group - Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
• Description: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as kainoids. These are non-proteigenous amino acids with a structure characterized by the presence of a pyrrolidine ring bearing two dicarboxylic acid groups.
• External Descriptors: Amino acids and peptides

Data sources

1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.

DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y

Associated Targets(Human)

GRIK4 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 4 (0 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK4

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

GRIK5 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 5 (3 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK5

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

GRIK1 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1 (3 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK1

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

GRIK2 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2 (5 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK2

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

GRIK3 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 3 (3 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK3

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

ACHE Tclin Acetylcholinesterase (18204 Activities)

Discover Target: ACHE

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIN1 Tclin Glutamate (NMDA) receptor subunit zeta 1 (122 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIN1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIA3 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 3 (127 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIA3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRM6 Tchem Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 (361 Activities)

Discover Target: GRM6

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIA1 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 1 (277 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIA1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ALDH1A1 Tchem Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (77053 Activities)

Discover Target: ALDH1A1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIA2 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2 (847 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIA2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIK3 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 3 (50 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRM5 Tchem Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (5733 Activities)

Discover Target: GRM5

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIK5 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 5 (45 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIK1 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 1 (340 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

U2OS (164939 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

POLK Tbio DNA polymerase kappa (8653 Activities)

Discover Target: POLK

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

KDM4A Tchem Lysine-specific demethylase 4A (52245 Activities)

Discover Target: KDM4A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

EHMT2 Tchem Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-9 specific 3 (93046 Activities)

Discover Target: EHMT2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

TDP1 Tchem Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (345557 Activities)

Discover Target: TDP1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

LMNA Tbio Prelamin-A/C (36751 Activities)

Discover Target: LMNA

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

BLM Tchem Bloom syndrome protein (4248 Activities)

Discover Target: BLM

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HPGD Tchem 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD+] (24926 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GMNN Tbio Geminin (128009 Activities)

Discover Target: GMNN

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLCO1B1 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (2672 Activities)

Discover Target: SLCO1B1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CBX1 Tbio Chromobox protein homolog 1 (92434 Activities)

Discover Target: CBX1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLCO1B3 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 (2517 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

IDH1 Tclin Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic (40980 Activities)

Discover Target: IDH1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

MEN1 Tchem Menin/Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MLL (48157 Activities)

Discover Target: MEN1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIK1 Tclin Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate (68 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIK1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HEK-293T (167025 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

KPNB1 Tbio Importin subunit beta-1/Snurportin-1 (25097 Activities)

Discover Target: KPNB1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

Hdac6 Histone deacetylase 6 (222 Activities)

Discover Target: Hdac6

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Gria4 Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 4 (112 Activities)

Discover Target: Gria4

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Grik2 Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 2 (298 Activities)

Discover Target: Grik2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Slc1a2 Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (39 Activities)

Discover Target: Slc1a2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Grik4 Glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 4 (2 Activities)

Discover Target: Grik4

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Trypanosoma cruzi (99888 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mus musculus (284745 Activities)

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Rattus norvegicus (775804 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GCN5 Histone acetyltransferase GCN5 (89 Activities)

Discover Target: GCN5

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

rep Replicase polyprotein 1ab (378 Activities)

Discover Target: rep

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

pfk 6-phospho-1-fructokinase (7870 Activities)

Discover Target: pfk

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Txnrd1 Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic (45279 Activities)

Discover Target: Txnrd1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

BCHE Cholinesterase (8742 Activities)

Discover Target: BCHE

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Hippocampus (57 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Rorc Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma (89407 Activities)

Discover Target: Rorc

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ffp 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase ffp (24982 Activities)

Discover Target: ffp

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

FTL Ferritin light chain (43324 Activities)

Discover Target: FTL

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

nfo Endonuclease 4 (425 Activities)

Discover Target: nfo

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Grin1 Glutamate NMDA receptor (6467 Activities)

Discover Target: Grin1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Gria2 Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA (2103 Activities)

Discover Target: Gria2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Grik1 Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate (722 Activities)

Discover Target: Grik1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Gria2 Glutamate receptor AMPA 1/2 (4 Activities)

Discover Target: Gria2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mechanisms of Action

Chemical and Physical Properties

• Solubility: Soluble in 1ml of water to give specified mM/ml concentration
• Melt Point(°C): 251°C
• Molecular Weight: 213.230 g/mol
• XLogP3: -1.800
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
• Rotatable Bond Count: 4
• Exact Mass: 213.1 Da
• Monoisotopic Mass: 213.1 Da
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 86.600 Ų
• Heavy Atom Count: 15
• Formal Charge: 0
• Complexity: 300.000
• Isotope Atom Count: 0
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 3
• Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• The total count of all stereochemical bonds: 0
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

References

1. Xiuping He, Jianlei Chen, Jiangtao Wang, Liju Tan.  (2017)  Multipoint recognition of domoic acid from seawater by dummy template molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography.  JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A,      [PMID:28442131] [10.1016/j.chroma.2017.04.023]

2. Dongliang Gong, Qilin Zhai, Minghu Wu, Xingguang Tao, Fuyong Wang.  (2025)  Promotion of rat femoral distal bone defect repair using alginate-silk fibroin composite hydrogel.  INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY,      [PMID:40482452] [10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114973]