STING ligand-1 - ≥99% , CAS No.2365039-41-2

CAS: 2365039-41-2 Cat. No.: S651607 Fórmula: C₂₉H₂₇ClFNO₅ Peso molecular: 523.98 PubChem CID: 135393515

GRADE & PURITY ≥99%

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Visão geral

STING ligand-1 is a lead STING ligand with an IC 50 of 68 nM for HAQ STING

In Vitro

STING ligand-1 (Compound 18) exhibits functional inhibition of STING mediated cytokine release. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Form:Solid

IC50& Target:IC50: 68 nM (HAQ STING)

Specifications

Especificações e pureza

≥99%

Mecanismos bioquímicos e fisiológicos

STING ligand-1 is a lead STING ligand with an IC 50 of 68 nM for HAQ STING.

Condições de armazenamento de armazenamento

Store at -20°C

Enviado em

Ice chest + Ice pads

Este produto requer transporte de cadeia fria. Serviços terrestres e outros serviços econômicos não estão disponíveis.

Pureza

≥99%

Nomes e identificadores

Sorrisos canónicos

CC(C)(C)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)N2C(C(C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3)F)CC(=O)O)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCCO5)Cl

IUPAC Name

2-[(3S,4S)-2-(4-tert-butyl-3-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-7-fluoro-1-oxo-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-4-yl]acetic acid

InChIKey

JAIAHSWXASHNQH-CCLHPLFOSA-N

INCHI

1S/C29H27ClFNO5/c1-29(2,3)22-8-6-18(14-23(22)30)32-27(16-4-9-24-25(12-16)37-11-10-36-24)20(15-26(33)34)19-7-5-17(31)13-21(19)28(32)35/h4-9,12-14,20,27H,10-11,15H2,1-3H3,(H,33,34)/t20-,27+/m0/s1

SMILES isoméricas

CC(C)(C)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)N2[C@@H]([C@H](C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3)F)CC(=O)O)C4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCCO5)Cl

PubChem CID

135393515

Peso molecular

523.98

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomy Tree

• Kingdom Organic compounds
  • Superclass Organoheterocyclic compounds
    • Classe Isoquinolines and derivatives
      • Subclass Isoquinolones and derivatives

• Kingdom: Organic compounds
• Superclass: Organoheterocyclic compounds
• Classe: Isoquinolines and derivatives
• Subclass: Isoquinolones and derivatives
• Intermediate Tree Nodes: Not available
• Direct Parent: Isoquinolones and derivatives
• Alternative Parents: Tetrahydroisoquinolines Benzo-1,4-dioxanes Phenylpropanes Chlorobenzenes Alkyl aryl ethers Para dioxins Aryl fluorides Aryl chlorides Tertiary carboxylic acid amides Lactams Oxacyclic compounds Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids Azacyclic compounds Organopnictogen compounds Organonitrogen compounds Organofluorides Organochlorides Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives Carbonyl compounds
• Molecular Framework: Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
• Substituents: Isoquinolone - Tetrahydroisoquinoline - Benzodioxane - Benzo-1,4-dioxane - Phenylpropane - Halobenzene - Chlorobenzene - Alkyl aryl ether - Benzenoid - Para-dioxin - Monocyclic benzene moiety - Aryl halide - Aryl fluoride - Aryl chloride - Tertiary carboxylic acid amide - Lactam - Carboxamide group - Oxacycle - Azacycle - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Ether - Carboxylic acid - Carboxylic acid derivative - Organic nitrogen compound - Organic oxygen compound - Organopnictogen compound - Organic oxide - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organofluoride - Organochloride - Organohalogen compound - Carbonyl group - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
• Descrição: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as isoquinolones and derivatives. These are aromatic polycyclic compounds containing a ketone bearing isoquinoline moiety.
• External Descriptors: Not available

Data sources

1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.

DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y

Alvos associados (humanos)

TMEM173 Tchem Stimulator of interferon genes protein (1 Activities)

Discover Target: TMEM173

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

Mecanismos de ação

Propriedades químicas e físicas

• Solubilidade: DMSO : 100 mg/mL (190.85 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Application Protocols

No tested application protocols, dilutions, or positive-control recommendations are provided in the product data for this SKU.

General, literature-based starting points for STING pathway assays (to be optimized by the user):

• Cell-based activation assay:
  • Prepare a 10–50 mM DMSO stock. Perform a 10-point 3-fold dilution series.
  • Treat STING-competent cells (e.g., THP-1, HEK293 expressing hSTING) at final DMSO ≤0.1–0.5% v/v.
  • Time points: 0.5–4 h for phospho-STING/TBK1/IRF3; 6–24 h for IFN-β reporter or ISG mRNA (qPCR).
  • Include controls: vehicle, known STING agonist (if available), and STING knockout/siRNA lines.
• Biochemical thermal shift (DSF):
  • Mix recombinant STING with dye (e.g., SYPRO Orange) and serial dilutions of ligand; monitor Tm shift to infer binding.
• Cytotoxicity check: Run parallel CellTiter-type viability assay to bracket non-cytotoxic concentration range.

These are generalized procedures; consult the CoA/tech note for any item-specific recommendations when available.

Biological Roles

Context (literature/general knowledge):

• STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is an adaptor protein in the innate immune system that senses cyclic dinucleotide second messengers produced by cGAS upon cytosolic DNA detection. Ligand binding promotes STING trafficking, TBK1 recruitment, IRF3 phosphorylation, and subsequent type I interferon gene transcription.
• STING ligands include endogenous 2′3′-cGAMP and exogenous cyclic dinucleotides, as well as non-nucleotide small molecules that can stabilize active conformations or modulate species-specific STING variants.

Use of this product (research-only):

• Employed as a molecular probe to activate or otherwise modulate STING-dependent signaling in cell lines and primary cells, enabling dissection of pathway kinetics, feedback, and cross-talk with NF-κB and autophagy pathways.
• Typical readouts include: phosphorylation of STING/TBK1/IRF3 (western blot), interferon-stimulated gene induction (qPCR/RNA-seq), and reporter assays (e.g., IFN-β–luciferase). Control conditions should include vehicle-only and, where possible, STING-deficient models to confirm on-target activity.

Item-specific caveat:

• Without the exact chemical structure disclosed in the product data, potency, species selectivity, and permeability are unknown here and must be established from the CoA/tech note or by internal validation in your system.

Buffer Applications

This compound is not a biochemical buffer component. However, it is commonly dosed in biological buffers for assays. Practical guidance (general):

• Stock preparation: Prepare a concentrated stock in DMSO (e.g., 10–50 mM) or, if water-soluble, in sterile water/PBS. Filter-sterilize aqueous stocks (0.22 µm) if sterility is required.
• Working solutions: Dilute into assay media or buffers such as PBS, HBSS, or complete cell culture media. Keep final DMSO typically ≤0.1–0.5% v/v to minimize vehicle effects.
• pH considerations: Without structure, pKa is unknown; avoid extreme pH during dilution. If precipitation occurs, increase DMSO carryover slightly or warm briefly to 37°C and mix.
• Adsorption: Hydrophobic compounds can adsorb to plastic; use low-binding tubes/plates if recovery appears low.
• Stability: Prepare fresh working solutions immediately before use, protect from light, and keep on ice until dosing unless otherwise supported by stability data in the CoA.

Green Alternatives

Not applicable as a process solvent or bulk reagent. This product is a bioactive small molecule used at micromolar to millimolar concentrations in research assays.

Sustainability considerations (general):

• Minimize solvent use by preparing concentrated DMSO stocks and aliquoting to reduce waste from repeated freeze–thaw.
• Choose greener co-solvents where feasible for cleaning and workup (e.g., ethanol, isopropanol) instead of chlorinated solvents.
• Implement microscale assay formats (96–384–1536 well) to decrease compound and solvent consumption.
• Dispose of DMSO/organic waste through appropriate hazardous waste streams; do not discharge to drain.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No therapeutic or clinical claims are made for this product. Research-use-only reference compound.

Formulation and development context (general/literature):

• As a STING-pathway modulator, this compound can serve as a reference tool in preformulation studies, permeability screens (e.g., PAMPA, Caco-2), metabolic stability assays (microsomes/S9), and protein binding assessments to inform medicinal chemistry campaigns targeting STING.
• Excipient compatibility: For dosing solutions, common excipients for small molecules include solubilizers/co-solvents (PEG400, propylene glycol), surfactants (polysorbates), and cyclodextrins. Selection should be guided by actual solubility and stability data for this specific compound (not provided here).
• Analytical methods: LC–MS/MS is typically used for quantitation in matrices; stability-indicating HPLC aids in forced-degradation mapping (acid/base, oxidative, thermal, photolytic) to guide storage and formulation.
• Pharmacopeial status: Not a compendial excipient or API based on provided information.

Note: All pharmaceutical development activities must be confined to non-clinical research unless separately qualified under appropriate regulatory frameworks.

Physical Properties

Item-specific specifications:

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point, boiling point, density, refractive index, pKa, logP/logD, UV cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General handling notes (literature/general knowledge):

• Many bioactive screening compounds are supplied as solids (powder) or films intended for dissolution in polar aprotic solvents such as DMSO before aqueous dilution. Where water solubility is limited, co-solvent systems (e.g., DMSO → buffer dilution) are commonly used. Always confirm with the actual CoA for this SKU.
• If the compound is a nucleotide-like STING ligand, it may be water-soluble; if a non-nucleotide small molecule, expect better solubility in DMSO/DMF and variable aqueous solubility (literature). Because structure is not provided here, do not assume—verify experimentally on receipt.

Quality and Grades

Item-specific grade/purity:

• Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Interpretation and expectations (general guidance for small-molecule bioactives):

• Bioactive screening compounds are typically provided at high chemical purity (often ≥95% by HPLC/LC–MS) to support reproducible biological assays. However, exact purity thresholds, residual solvent limits, and analytical methods can only be confirmed on the CoA for this lot/SKU.
• Identity confirmation is commonly supported by MS (m/z), 1H NMR, and HPLC purity. When provided, additional orthogonal tests (13C NMR, HRMS, elemental analysis) strengthen confidence for quantitative studies.
• Stabilizers: Not indicated for this item. If no stabilizer is present, minimize exposure to light, oxygen, and moisture based on the compound’s functional groups (unknown here). Check the CoA/SDS for any antioxidant or acid additives.
• UV transparency or residual water/peroxide specifications: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Best practices:

• Record the CoA batch number alongside your dataset. Validate purity upon receipt if your application is highly sensitive (e.g., quantitative SAR). If using LC–MS, monitor for degradation on storage and after multiple freeze–thaw cycles.

Reaction and Applications

This product is not supplied as a synthetic reagent for general organic transformations. It is intended as a bioactive small-molecule tool compound for in vitro/in vivo model system research (research use only). As such, typical reaction classes (e.g., Grignard, cross-coupling) are not applicable to end users.

Application focus (general/literature context for STING pathway studies):

• Use as a pathway modulator in cell-based assays to interrogate cGAS–STING signaling, TBK1/IRF3 activation, and downstream interferon-stimulated gene expression. Experimental design typically includes dose–response curves, time-course phospho-IRF3/STAT assays, and transcriptional readouts (e.g., IFN-β promoter reporters).
• Structure–activity studies: When used alongside analogs, supports SAR profiling of STING engagement versus off-target signaling. Pair with STING knockout/knockdown controls to confirm pathway dependence.
• Biochemical binding/activation: Suitable for in vitro protein assays (e.g., thermostability shift, MST, or fluorescence polarization if a tracer is available) to probe STING conformational activation. Specific assay conditions depend on the compound’s chemistry and must be optimized empirically.

Reaction Conditions

Not applicable. This product is not intended for use as a reagent in synthetic transformations, and no item-specific reaction conditions are provided.

General note for assay use:

• For biological assays, titrate concentrations over several logs (e.g., 0.1 nM–100 µM) to define EC50/IC50, respecting solubility and cytotoxicity limits. Incubation times often range from 0.5–24 h depending on the readout (e.g., early phosphorylation vs. gene expression). Buffer composition, temperature (typically 37°C for mammalian cells), and vehicle percentage should be standardized across conditions.
• These parameters are general, literature-derived guidelines and must be optimized for your specific cell system and endpoint.

Safety and Handling

Hazard information (item-specific):

• Signal Word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Hazard Statements (H-Statements): Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• GHS Classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.

General laboratory safety (literature/best practice):

• Handle in a chemical fume hood and avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin/eye contact. Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, nitrile gloves, splash goggles.
• Avoid dust/aerosol formation. Use microbalance hygiene: weigh into sealed vessels; wipe tools and bench with suitable solvent followed by detergent/water.
• Incompatibilities are unknown from the item data. As a precaution, segregate from strong oxidizers and acids/bases until specific compatibility is confirmed from the SDS.
• First aid (overview; defer to SDS): If on skin or in eyes, rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing. If inhaled, move to fresh air. If swallowed, rinse mouth—seek medical attention in all cases.
• Spill response: Cover small spills with inert absorbent (e.g., vermiculite), collect in a compatible container for disposal. Decontaminate area with appropriate solvent/detergent.
• Waste: Dispose according to institutional and local regulations for organic laboratory chemicals.
• Special risks: None specified in product data. No evidence of peroxide formation risk or volatility issues is provided; treat as a generic low-volatility bioactive small molecule unless otherwise indicated by the SDS.

Solvent Selection

Not primarily a solvent. This product is a bioactive small molecule intended for assay use rather than as a reaction or process solvent.

Practical guidance for preparing stocks (general/literature):

• Primary solvent: DMSO is the most common vehicle for small-molecule screening libraries due to broad solvency and biological compatibility at low final percentages.
• Alternative vehicles: DMF, ethanol, or aqueous buffers may be suitable depending on structure; confirm solubility on a small scale. For potentially polar nucleotide-like ligands, sterile water or PBS may work.
• Dilution into assay buffer: Prepare a concentrated stock (e.g., 10–50 mM in DMSO) and dilute into physiological buffer to a final DMSO content typically ≤0.1–0.5% v/v, consistent with your bioassay tolerance.
• Filtration: If sterility is required, pass freshly prepared aqueous working solutions through 0.22 µm PES/nylon filters. Avoid filtering DMSO-rich solutions through cellulose esters (possible leaching).
• Stability considerations: Some heteroaromatic or nucleotide analogs may hydrolyze in basic media or degrade under light. Prepare working solutions immediately before use, store cold and protected from light.

Storage and Reconstitution

Item-specific storage and shipping:

• Storage Conditions: Store at -20°C (product data).
• Shipped In: Ice chest + Ice pads (product data).

General best practices for this class of compounds:

• Upon receipt: Allow container to equilibrate to room temperature in a desiccator before opening to avoid moisture condensation. Inspect for integrity and any visible changes.
• Aliquoting: If supplied as a solid, aliquot after initial dissolution to minimize freeze–thaw cycles. If supplied as solution, subdivide into single-use aliquots under inert atmosphere if feasible.
• Reconstitution: Unless otherwise specified on the CoA, dissolve in anhydrous DMSO to prepare a concentrated stock (e.g., 10–50 mM). For water-soluble variants, sterile water or PBS may be used. Mix gently; avoid vigorous vortexing if foaming/surfactant interactions are possible.
• Storage of stocks: Store DMSO stocks at -20°C in amber vials; protect from light and moisture. Typical stability of small-molecule DMSO stocks ranges from weeks to months (literature); confirm item-specific stability from the CoA.
• Working solutions: Prepare fresh immediately before use. Keep on ice and protected from light during assay setup; discard unused portions unless stability is documented.
• Documentation: Record preparation date, concentration, solvent, and lot number on each aliquot. Always refer to the CoA/SDS for definitive guidance for this SKU.

Structure and Identity

Brief: STING ligand-1 is a small-molecule research tool supplied for studies of the cGAS–STING innate immune signaling axis (research use only).

• SKU: S651607
• Product Name: STING ligand-1
• CAS: 2365039-41-2
• PubChem CID: 135393515 (product data)
• InChIKey: 155110 (as provided; atypical format noted)
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Category Path: 全部 / 可售 / 小分子和化合物库

Structural features (item-specific):

• Specific ring systems, heteroatoms, stereochemistry: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General context (literature/general knowledge):

• “STING ligands” encompass cyclic dinucleotides (e.g., cGAMP analogs) and non-nucleotide small molecules that bind/stabilize STING conformations to modulate downstream TBK1/IRF3 signaling (literature). Without item-specific structure disclosed, assume it is a non-protein, low–molecular weight chemical suitable for small-molecule libraries.

Synthetic Utility

Not primarily a synthetic building block. This SKU is provided as a finished small-molecule tool compound for biological studies.

General comments (literature):

• Without structural disclosure, the compound’s functional group profile and derivatization strategies cannot be specified. Users pursuing SAR or probe modification should consult the primary literature for STING agonist chemotypes (e.g., cyclic dinucleotides, diABZI-like scaffolds, or other heteroaromatic frameworks) and design substitutions compatible with STING binding pockets.
• If analog synthesis is intended, typical operations may include heteroaryl couplings, amide/urea formations, or nucleoside cyclizations for CDN analogs, each requiring tailored protecting-group strategies and careful control of stereochemistry (where relevant). These are general considerations and not specific to this item.

Target Specificity

Target/assay specificity data are not provided for this SKU.

• Item-specific target, species selectivity, and binding mode: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/technical datasheet.

Note: This section is typically used for antibodies or affinity reagents. For a small-molecule tool compound, please refer to Biological Roles and Application Protocols for pathway-oriented guidance.