Morphological observation experiment of lung tissue structure
Morphological observation experiment of lung tissue structure
This experiment is from the official website of the Fourth Military Medical University
Operation method
Morphological observation experiment of lung tissue structure
Materials and Instruments
Normal lung tissue sections Move 1. Anatomy of lung tissue For more product details, please visit Aladdin Scientific website.
(1) Bronchial tubes: The bronchial tubes enter the lungs from the hilum and are distributed in a dendritic pattern.
(2) Lungs: one tip, one base (diaphragmatic surface), two surfaces (medial surface, rib surface) and three margins (anterior, posterior and inferior). The apices of the lungs are conical, 2.5 cm above the medial 1/3 of the clavicle; the base is slightly convex upward; the middle part of the medial surface is the hilum, from which the bronchi, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins enter and leave the lungs, and the costal surface is rounded; the anterior margins of the lungs are sharply thinned, and there is a cardiac incision in the anterior margin of the left lung, with a bluntly rounded posterior margin, and a sharper lower margin.
The left lung is divided into two lobes, and the right lung into three lobes; each fine bronchus, together with its branches and alveoli at all levels, constitutes a pulmonary lobule (pulmonary lobule), which is about 1 cm in diameter.
2. Organizational structure of the lungs
(1) Structure of the bronchial wall: it is divided into mucous layer, submucous layer and outer membrane. The mucosal epithelium is pseudo-ciliated columnar epithelium, and the lamina propria contains small blood vessels and ducts; the submucosal layer is composed of plasma and mucus vesicles; and the epithelium is composed of cartilage, smooth muscle and connective tissue.
(2) Lungs: low magnification observation shows lumens and vacuole-like structures of varying sizes and irregular morphology, including the air-conducting and respiratory parts of the lungs; the air-conducting part includes all levels of bronchioles, fine bronchioles and terminal fine bronchioles; the respiratory part includes respiratory fine bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.
The alveolar surface was covered with alveolar epithelium, including flat type I alveolar cells and round type II alveolar cells; the alveolar septum was rich in capillaries, connective tissue and mononuclear cells.