Organophosphate poisoning and rescue experiment

Summary

This experiment is from the official website of the Fourth Military Medical University

Operation method

Organophosphate poisoning and rescue experiment

Principle

Organophosphates are refractory cholinesterase inhibitors that bind to acetylcholinesterase (AchE), rendering the enzyme inactive and difficult to recover. Acetylcholinesterase in the body can hydrolyze acetylcholine (Ach) and make it ineffective, so organophosphate poisoning can cause a large accumulation of Ach in the body. In mild acute poisoning, M-like symptoms predominate; in moderate poisoning, both M-like and N-like symptoms may occur; in severe poisoning, in addition to M-like and N-like symptoms, central nervous system symptoms are also present (Table 23-5). The main antidotes for organophosphate poisoning are the cholinesterase revitalizing agent dephosphorylating and the M receptor blocker atropine. Dephosphorylation is an AchE revitalizing drug that restores activity to AchE that has been inhibited by organophosphates. Atropine is an M-receptor blocker, which can competitively antagonize the agonist effect of Ach on M-receptors.

Materials and Instruments

Rabbit
Trichlorfon solution Iodophosphamide Atropine sulfate Syringe Stethoscope

Move

1. Take 2 rabbits, record their sex and weight, and observe their activities, breathing, pupils, salivation, urination and defecation, muscle tone, and the presence or absence of muscle tremor.

2. Blood was collected from a vein at the ear margin of rabbits (pre-administration control) for the determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Two rabbits were injected intravenously at the ear margin with 5% trichlorfon solution, 2.0 ml/kg. Changes in physiological indexes of the rabbits were closely observed, as well as the emergence of poisoning symptoms. When the symptoms of poisoning became obvious, rabbit A was given 2.5% iodophosphatidine 3 ml/kg intravenously at the ear margin, and rabbit B was given 0.1% atropine sulfate 1 ml/kg intravenously at the ear margin, and the rabbits were observed to see whether the physiological indexes and the symptoms of poisoning were improved or not.

Caveat

1. The laboratory should be well ventilated to avoid respiratory inhalation of trichlorfon. If trichlorfon gets on the skin, it should be rinsed immediately with plenty of water and soap should not be used. When the pH value is greater than 5.

5， trichlorfon can be transformed into the more toxic dichlorvos.

2. Closely observe the changes of physiological indexes of rabbits, and act quickly when rescuing from poisoning, otherwise the rabbits may die rapidly.

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