Determine the necessary mass, volume, or concentration for preparing a solution.
| Activity Type | Relation | Activity value | Units | Action Type | Journal | PubMed Id | doi | Assay Aladdin ID |
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≥98%(HPLC) for sensitive chromatographic and analytical workflows requiring minimal baseline interference.
Store at 2-8°C,Argon charged Ships Wet ice Check lot-specific COA for exact specifications.
SDS, COA, datasheet, and spec sheet available for download. Lot-specific COA accessible via lot number lookup.
Cited in 27 peer-reviewed publications across chromatography, organic synthesis, and cross-coupling reactions.
application:
DL-Indole-3-lactic Acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-hydroxy-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-methylpentan-3-one which has weak antibacterial activity against 16 bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. DL-Indole-3-lactic Acid is also used in the preparation of Monatin, a natural sweet peptidomimetic.
| Sonrisas canónicas | C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)O |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | 2-hydroxy-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid |
| InChIKey | XGILAAMKEQUXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| INCHI | 1S/C11H11NO3/c13-10(11(14)15)5-7-6-12-9-4-2-1-3-8(7)9/h1-4,6,10,12-13H,5H2,(H,14,15) |
| Isómeros SMILES | C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CN2)CC(C(=O)O)O |
| CAS alternativo | 832-97-3 |
| Peso molecular | 205.21 |
| Beilstein | 22(1)553 |
| Reaxy-Rn | 86202 |
| Reaxys-RN_link_address | https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=86202&ln= |
Comprehensive hazard, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance document.
Download SDS →Lot-specific quality data. Enter your lot number to retrieve the exact COA.
Look up COA →Full quality attributes and acceptance criteria for this grade.
View spec sheet →Taxonomy Tree
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Superclass | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
| Clase | Indoles and derivatives |
| Subclass | Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives |
| Alternative Parents | 3-alkylindoles Substituted pyrroles Benzenoids Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives Heteroaromatic compounds Secondary alcohols Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids Azacyclic compounds Organopnictogen compounds Organonitrogen compounds Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives Carbonyl compounds |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Indolyl carboxylic acid derivative - 3-alkylindole - Indole - Alpha-hydroxy acid - Hydroxy acid - Substituted pyrrole - Benzenoid - Pyrrole - Heteroaromatic compound - Secondary alcohol - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Carboxylic acid - Carboxylic acid derivative - Azacycle - Hydrocarbon derivative - Alcohol - Organooxygen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organic oxide - Organopnictogen compound - Organic oxygen compound - Carbonyl group - Organic nitrogen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound |
| Descripción | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives. These are compounds containing a carboxylic acid chain (of at least 2 carbon atoms) linked to an indole ring. |
| External Descriptors | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid - indol-3-yl carboxylic acid |
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| Activity Type | Relation | Activity value | Units | Action Type | Journal | PubMed Id | doi | Assay Aladdin ID |
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Find and download the COA for your product by matching the lot number on the packaging.
| Lot Number | Certificate Type | Fecha | Articulo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Certificate of Analysis | May 08, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 14, 2026 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 16, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Feb 25, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Feb 25, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Feb 25, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Feb 25, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Feb 25, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Feb 25, 2025 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Sep 23, 2024 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Dec 19, 2023 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Dec 19, 2023 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Dec 19, 2023 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Dec 19, 2023 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Dec 19, 2023 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 25, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 25, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 25, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 25, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 25, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 11, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 11, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 11, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 11, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 11, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 11, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jan 03, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jan 03, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jan 03, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jan 03, 2022 | I157602 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jan 03, 2022 | I157602 |
| Solubilidad | DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) |
|---|---|
| Punto de fusión (°C) | 145.0 to 149.0 °C |
| Peso molecular | 205.210 g/mol |
| XLogP3 | 1.500 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 3 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 3 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 3 |
| Exact Mass | 205.074 Da |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 205.074 Da |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 73.300 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 15 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 244.000 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 1 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| The total count of all stereochemical bonds | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
| 1. Pan Hu, Xin Yan, Yijia Zeng, Zherui Jiang, Juan Liu, Wu-wen Feng. (2023) An UPLC-MS/MS method for targeted analysis of microbial and host tryptophan metabolism after administration of polysaccharides from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. in ulcerative colitis mice. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS, [PMID:37523866] [10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115585] |
| 2. Qixing Nie, Yonggan Sun, Mingzhi Li, Sheng Zuo, Chunhua Chen, Qiongni Lin, Shaoping Nie. (2023) Targeted modification of gut microbiota and related metabolites via dietary fiber. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, [PMID:37321707] [10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120986] |
| 3. Qingqing Zhang, Qing Zhao, Tao Li, Longya Lu, Fei Wang, Hong Zhang, Zhi Liu, Huihui Ma, Qihui Zhu, Jingjing Wang, Xuemei Zhang, Yang Pei, Qisha Liu, Yuyu Xu, Jinlong Qie, Xiaoting Luan, Zhibin Hu, Xingyin Liu. (2023) Lactobacillus plantarum-derived indole-3-lactic acid ameliorates colorectal tumorigenesis via epigenetic regulation of CD8+ T cell immunity. Cell Metabolism, [PMID:37192617] [10.1016/j.cmet.2023.04.015] |
| 4. Minzhen Xie, Siqi Gu, Yang Hong, Yan Liu, Xiaohui Rong, Wanying Lu, Heng Liu, Adnan Mohammed Algradi, Anam Naseem, ZunPeng Shu, Qi Wang. (2023) Study on the mechanism of Coptis chinensis Franch. And its main active components in treating Alzheimer's disease based on SCFAs using Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid MS. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, [PMID:37028611] [10.1016/j.jep.2023.116392] |
| 5. Zhou Ziyuan, Wang Baohong, Pan Xiaxia, Lv Jiawen, Lou Zhuoqi, Han Yuqiu, Yao Yuanyuan, Chen Jun, Wang Qiangqiang, Li Lanjuan. (2023) Microbial metabolites indole derivatives sensitize mice to D-GalN/LPS induced-acute liver failure via the Tlr2/NF-κB pathway. Frontiers in Microbiology, [PMID:36687651] [10.3389/fmicb.2022.1103998] |
| 6. Mengmeng Song, Xianjie Sheng, Genyi Ye, Zhuicheng Xu, Xinru Li, Tong Xie, Haishan Deng, An Kang. (2022) Selective enrichment of microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites in mouse faeces based on molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for HPLC analysis. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS, [PMID:35182828] [10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114641] |
| 7. Man Zhang, Yanqing Wu, Ling Xie, Chen-Huai Teng, Fang-Fang Wu, Ke-Bin Xu, Xiong Chen, Jian Xiao, Hong-Yu Zhang, Da-Qing Chen. (2018) Isoliquiritigenin protects against blood‑brain barrier damage and inhibits the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice after traumatic brain injury. INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY, [PMID:30290368] [10.1016/j.intimp.2018.09.046] |
| 8. Dezhen Wang, Xinru Wang, Ping Zhang, Yao Wang, Renke Zhang, Jin Yan, Zhiqiang Zhou, Wentao Zhu. (2016) The fate of technical-grade chlordane in mice fed a high-fat diet and its roles as a candidate obesogen. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, [PMID:28041837] [10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.028] |
| 9. Lingsha Cheng, Haoqian Wu, Xiaoying Cai, Youying Zhang, Siqi Yu, Yuanlong Hou, Zhe Yin, Qingyuan Yan, Qiong Wang, Taipeng Sun, Guangji Wang, Yonggui Yuan, Xueli Zhang, Haiping Hao, Xiao Zheng. (2024) A Gpr35-tuned gut microbe-brain metabolic axis regulates depressive-like behavior. Cell Host & Microbe, [PMID:38198925] [10.1016/j.chom.2023.12.009] |
| 10. Qing Zhang, Mengfan Ding, Zheng Huang, Shilong Jiang, Jianxin Zhao, Catherine Stanton, R. Paul Ross, Wei Chen, Bo Yang. (2025) Bifidobacterium longum subsp. Infantis modulates intestinal immunity in growing mice in a strain-specific manner. Food Bioscience, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106392] |
| 11. Cheng Wei-ting, Pei Si-ya, Wu Jie, Wang Yan-jie, Yang Yong-wen, Xiao Mei-fang, Chen Jun, Wang Yuan-yuan, Wu Li, Huang Ze-bing. (2025) Cannabinoid-2 receptor depletion promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via disturbing gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism. ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA, [PMID:39979552] [10.1038/s41401-025-01495-w] |
| 12. Jieun Lee, Chang Hun Han, In Hwan Oh, Suryanarayana Allu, Hee Jin Kim, Jinsoo Kim, Woo-Sik Kim, Bum Jun Park. (2024) Fabrication and evaluation of stable amorphous polymer-drug composite particles via a nozzle-free ultrasonic nebulizer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS, [PMID:38697582] [10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124177] |
| 13. Qixing Nie, Yonggan Sun, Wenbing Hu, Chunhua Chen, Qiongni Lin, Shaoping Nie. (2024) Glucomannan promotes Bacteroides ovatus to improve intestinal barrier function and ameliorate insulin resistance. iMeta, [PMID:38868507] [10.1002/imt2.163] |
| 14. Hongchao Wang, Yuan He, Danting Dang, Yurong Zhao, Jianxin Zhao, Wenwei Lu. (2024) Gut Microbiota-Derived Tryptophan Metabolites Alleviate Allergic Asthma Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Induced Mice. Foods, 13 (9): (1336). [PMID:38731707] [10.3390/foods13091336] |
| 15. Yufei Deng, Xiaoying Hou, Qian Fang, Haiping Wang, Xiaoxuan Li, Zhiyong Hu, Zhaolu Liu, Limei Fan, Yunyi Liu, Zhengqi Fu, Xiji Shu, Binlian Sun, Lijun Huang, Yuchen Liu. (2025) High-salt diet decreases FOLFOX efficacy via gut bacterial tryptophan metabolism in colorectal cancer. MOLECULAR MEDICINE, [PMID:39972411] [10.1186/s10020-025-01122-8] |
| 16. Jiangfang Lian, Hui Lin, Zuoquan Zhong, Yongfei Song, Xian Shao, Jiedong Zhou, Lili Xu, Zhenzhu Sun, Yongyi Yang, Jufang Chi, Ping Wang, Liping Meng. (2025) Indole‐3‐Lactic Acid Inhibits Doxorubicin‐Induced Ferroptosis Through Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE, 29 (2): (e70358). [PMID:39854052] [10.1111/jcmm.70358] |
| 17. Yvhao Xie, Xinxin Li, Qingshi Meng, Jinjun Li, Xin Wang, Liying Zhu, Weiwei Wang, Xiaoqiong Li. (2024) Interplay between gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice treated with metformin. Microbiology Spectrum, [PMID:39162538] [10.1128/spectrum.00291-24] |
| 18. Arong Wang, Cheng Guan, Tieqi Wang, Guangqing Mu, Yanfeng Tuo. (2024) Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-Derived Indole-3-lactic Acid Ameliorates Intestinal Barrier Integrity through the AhR/Nrf2/NF-κB Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, [PMID:38597152] [10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01622] |
| 19. Yuqi Zhu, Xuna Tao, Tongtong Yan, Shuyuan Cao, Ping Jiang, Zhan Zhang, Lei Li, Qian Wu. (2024) Lactobacillus murinus alleviated lung inflammation induced by PAHs in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY, [PMID:38944008] [10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116662] |
| 20. Shufeng Wu, Xiang Kuang, Haizhao Song, Zhigang Liu, Ling Xiong, Bo Ren, Fang Wang, Xinchun Shen, Luanfeng Wang. (2025) Limosillactobacillus reuteri C501 modulates tryptophan metabolism and alleviates obesity-induced gut-adipose tissue axis metabolic disorders through AhR and Bmal1/Pparγ signaling. Food Bioscience, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107653] |
| 21. Huowang Zheng, Fangshu Shi, Jinjun Li, Xiangyu Bian, Shuisheng Wu, Xiaoqiong Li. (2025) The Dose-Dependent Influence of Type 2 Resistant Starch on Gut Microbial Communities and Metabolic Outputs: An In Vitro Simulation. Foods, 14 (18): (3255). [PMID:41008227] [10.3390/foods14183255] |
| 22. Xiao Xina, Hu Meng, Gao Li, Yuan Huan, Chong Baochen, Liu Yu, Zhang Rou, Gong Yanqiu, Du Dan, Zhang Yong, Yang Hao, Liu Xiaohui, Zhang Yan, Zhang Huiyuan, Xu Heng, Zhao Yi, Meng Wenbo, Xie Dan, Lei Peng, Qi Shiqian, Peng Yong, Tan Tao, Yu Yang, Hu Hongbo, Dong Biao, Dai Lunzhi. (2025) Low-input redoxomics facilitates global identification of metabolic regulators of oxidative stress in the gut. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 10 (1): (1-18). [PMID:39774148] [10.1038/s41392-024-02094-7] |
| 23. Qingqing Zhou, Yajun Yu, Zuorui Xie, Yingying Zhou, Yanan Li, Ping Li, Jiangning Hu, Qing Gu. (2025) In vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects of indole-3-lactic acid against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Food Bioscience, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106618] |
| 24. Jia Yifan, He Muchen, Wang Fan, Zhan Yaqing, Deng Qiwen, Shen Jiantong, Wang Xiwen, Ran Qi, Huang Wenqi, Ling Yihong, Wen Shihong. (2025) Indole-3-lactic acid protects the gut vascular barrier following intestinal ischemia injury through AhR/Nrf2/STAT3 mediated claudin 2 downregulation. Cell Communication and Signaling, 23 (1): (1-21). [PMID:41121093] [10.1186/s12964-025-02454-y] |
| 25. Qian Wang, Jie Chen, Huini Chen, Dongning Liang, Hong Zhou, Juanjuan Chen, Yuan Gui, Fang Yao, Yudan Chen, Xi Zeng, Yaxiang Ma, Dong Zhou, Haiyan Fu. (2025) Indole-3-propionic acid exacerbates cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease through the AHR/NF-κB signaling pathway. iScience, [PMID:41488368] [10.1016/j.isci.2025.114149] |
| 26. Zhengtao Zhu, Xi Deng, Yongqiang Ye, Na He, Bihe Yuan, Fei Xiao, Kaiyuan Li. (2025) Hierarchical cyclic phosphates@MIL-101 toward improving thermal stability, fire retardancy, UV shielding, and mechanical performance of thermoplastic polyurethane based on nanoconfinement engineering. COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.colsurfa.2025.139112] |
| 27. Weiling Tan, Yufang Fu, Wanyu Hu, Yating Lin, Jingni Cai, Xuelin Huang, Yinyi OuYang, Sheng Lin, Ling Ye. (2026) Loganic Acid Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis via the Lactobacillus murinus-Inodole-3-Acetic Acid–AhR–IL-10 Axis. PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, [PMID:] [10.1002/ptr.70316] |