Animal model of silicosis

Summary

Silicosis is a systemic disease characterized by progressive, diffuse fibrous tissue hyperplasia of the lung tissue caused by long-term inhalation of silica-containing dust (silica dust) in the production environment. There are 1 main methods for the preparation of animal models of silicosis: the establishment of animal models of silicosis.

Operation method

Establishment of an animal model of silicosis

Principle

SiO2 dust particles inhaled into the alveoli are phagocytosed by lung macrophages (dust cells), and phagosomes containing silica dust merge with lysosomes to become secondary lysosomes.SiO2 has a significant toxic effect on macrophages, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the quartz and the lysosomal membranes of the phospholipids or proteins to form hydrogen bonding, resulting in phagocytotic lysosomes disintegration, and finally the cell membrane itself is also destroyed, the silica dust is released, and then phagocytosed by other macrophages, and so on. So on and so forth. Damaged or destroyed macrophages release "fibrogenic factors" and activate fibroblasts, leading to proliferation of collagen fibers and the formation of fibrosis.

Materials and Instruments

Equipment: syringes, common surgical equipment, microscope
Reagents:
① physiological saline
② Ulatan
③ benzalkonium bromide

Move

The process of establishing an animal model of silicosis generally has the following steps:

A. Select rabbits weighing 2-3 kg, prepare a 20% solution of urethane in saline, inject it intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 ml/kg, and anesthetize the rabbits until the muscles of their limbs are relaxed and their corneal reflexes have disappeared.
B. Place the anesthetized rabbits on a rabbit table, lie them on their backs, fix the upper and lower limbs, and wet the neck fur with benzalkonium bromide to carry out local clipping.
C. Make a suspension of standard quartz powder (SiO2 > 95% with a particle diameter of less than 5 μm) at a concentration of 40 mg/ml, and then pass through the ring of rings to make it into a suspension of 40 mg/ml. Standard quartz powder (containing _SiO2 >95% with a diameter of less than 5 μm) was used to make a suspension with a concentration of 40 mg/ml, which was injected into both lungs twice through the cricothyroid membrane.
D. When rabbits were 2 months old, silica nodules could be observed in the lungs, and most of them were distributed along the hilar bronchioles, and a small number of silica nodules were also formed in the parenchyma, and the HE staining of the silica nodules was mostly cyanophilic, and they were mainly made up of macrophages, phagocytic cells, lymphocytes and histiocytic cells.
At this time, the HE staining of the nodules was bluish, mainly composed of macrophages, dust-phobic cells, lymphocytes and basophils.
E. At 4 months, the HE staining of the nodules was reddish-blue, mainly composed of macrophages, fibroblasts and fibroblasts, and a small amount of collagen fibers could be seen.
G. The number of silicone nodules in the lungs of the rabbits increased with the prolongation of the duration of dust staining, indicating that with the prolongation of the duration of the dust staining, the number of silicone nodules in the lungs of the rabbits increased significantly. indicating that the degree of fibrosis in the lung tissues was increasing with the prolongation of dust dyeing time.

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