m-PEG-Acrylate - MW 1K

Cat. No.: M597345

GRADE & PURITY MW 1K

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Descripción general

m-PEG-Acrylate, MW 1K is a polyPEG derivative containing an acrylate. The hydrophilic PEG linker increases the water solubility of the compound. The water solubility properties of the PEG linker are enhanced with longer PEG chains.

Specifications

Especificaciones y pureza

MW 1K

Condiciones de almacenamiento de almacenamiento

Store at -20°C

Enviado en

Ice chest + Ice pads

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Application Protocols

No item-specific tested application protocols are provided. The following are general, literature-based starting points; optimize for your system.

• Aqueous photogel preparation (example, literature):
  • Dissolve mPEG-acrylate (e.g., 10–20 wt%) and dithiol crosslinker (equimolar thiol:acrylate) in PBS.
  • Add LAP photoinitiator to 0.1 wt%.
  • Degas 2–5 min with N2.
  • Expose at 365–405 nm, ~10 mW/cm² for 60–120 s.
  • Post-cure rinse in buffer to remove unreacted species.
• Thiol–Michael hydrogel (gentle, no light):
  • Prepare mPEG-acrylate solution (5–15 wt%) in HEPES, pH 8.0.
  • Add dithiol crosslinker at 1:1 thiol:acrylate.
  • Optionally add 0.1–1 mol% tertiary amine catalyst.
  • Mix quickly; cast; allow to gel at RT (minutes to hours).
  • Equilibrate gel in buffer.
• Antifouling coating (spin coat):
  • Make 2–5 wt% solution in ethanol/water with compatible initiator.
  • Spin at 2000–4000 rpm, 30–60 s; UV cure; rinse.

Note: Parameters above are literature guidance, not specifications for this item. Confirm compatibility with your photoinitiator, substrate, and any embedded biomolecules.

Biological Roles

This section summarizes general, literature-based aspects of PEG and acrylate functionality in bio-related research. No medical or clinical claims are made.

• PEG backbone:
  • Hydrophilic, nonionic polymer known for reducing protein adsorption and cell adhesion ("antifouling"/stealth behavior).
  • Provides hydration layers that modulate interfacial interactions, often used to tailor biocompatible surfaces and hydrogel matrices.
  • Diffusion and mesh size of PEG hydrogels can be tuned via molecular weight and crosslink density to control transport of biomolecules.
• Acrylate end-group:
  • Electrophilic alkene enabling network formation with thiols (Michael) or radicals (photocure), allowing rapid gelation under mild conditions compatible with many biomolecules.
  • Under basic or radical conditions, can be used to immobilize biomacromolecules bearing thiol groups (e.g., cysteine residues) for biointerface studies.
• Applications (research use only):
  • 2D/3D cell culture scaffolds, ECM-mimetic hydrogels, and microfabricated biointerfaces.
  • Antifouling coatings on sensors and microfluidic channels to improve signal stability.
  • Controlled presentation of ligands via co-polymerization with functional comonomers (e.g., RGD-peptide-thiols) to study cell–matrix interactions.

Note: Specific endotoxin/bioburden levels and sterilization compatibility for this item are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and SDS.

Buffer Applications

mPEG-acrylate is not a buffering agent. However, buffers are often used as media for its reactions (literature, general):

• Thiol–Michael gelation:
  • Typical pH: 7.5–8.5 in phosphate or HEPES buffers to deprotonate thiols and accelerate addition.
  • Ionic strength: Moderate ionic strength (e.g., 50–150 mM) supports biomolecule stability; adjust as needed.
  • Degassing: Beneficial but not mandatory for Michael chemistry; avoid strong nucleophiles if undesired side reactions are a concern.
• Photopolymerization in aqueous buffer:
  • Use photoinitiators compatible with target wavelength (e.g., LAP at 365–405 nm; eosin Y systems at 515–530 nm).
  • Oxygen inhibition can be mitigated by deoxygenation (N2 sparging) or addition of oxygen scavengers (e.g., glucose oxidase/catalase systems).
• Practical preparation (general):
  • Dissolve mPEG-acrylate to desired wt% (commonly 5–20% for hydrogels, depending on Mn and target modulus).
  • Filter sterilize (0.22 µm) if sterility is needed; avoid prolonged light exposure.
  • Adjust pH after dissolution if required; confirm by pH meter as PEG solutions may alter apparent pH readings.

Green Alternatives

When designing PEG-acrylate processes, greener choices often relate to solvent, initiation method, and cure conditions rather than changing the monomer itself.

Options and trade-offs (literature, general):

• Use water as the reaction medium:
  • Pros: Lowest EHS footprint; ideal for biointerfaces and hydrogels; easy cleanup.
  • Cons: Dissolved oxygen inhibits radical polymerization; may require higher photoinitiator or deoxygenation.
• Visible-light photopolymerization:
  • Pros: Energy efficient; reduced UV exposure; compatible with aqueous systems (e.g., eosin Y/triethanolamine, LAP).
  • Cons: Sensitivity to oxygen; careful selection of photoinitiator needed.
• Solvent alternatives vs. DMF/DMSO:
  • Switch to ethanol, isopropanol, or water/ethanol blends when feasible to reduce solvent hazard.
  • Consider 2-MeTHF or CPME for non-aqueous processing; check solubility for your Mn.
• Redox initiation at ambient temperature (APS/TEMED in water):
  • Pros: Avoids heating; low energy.
  • Cons: Short pot life; radical exposure may affect sensitive cargos.
• Process intensification:
  • Higher solids, shorter cure times reduce solvent use.
  • Thin-film or spray processes minimize waste.

Comparison snapshot (literature):

• Water-based cure: Greenest; manage O2 inhibition (degassing, oxygen scavengers).
• Alcohol-based cure: Moderate EHS; faster drying; flammable vapors.
• Polar aprotics (DMF/DMSO): Strong solvency; higher EHS burden; ensure recovery/disposal controls.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No therapeutic claims are made. The following reflects general formulation/manufacturing roles for PEG-acrylate materials in research and development (literature, general):

• Excipient roles in R&D:
  • Matrix former for hydrogel-based delivery prototypes and implant coatings (research use only).
  • Surface PEGylation to reduce protein adsorption on device components and analytical sensors.
  • Binder or viscosity modifier in UV-curable, water-borne coating systems for diagnostic components.
• Regulatory/compendial status: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Note: PEGs may appear in pharmacopeias; acrylate-functional PEGs typically require application-specific qualification and are not automatically pharmacopeial.
• Processing notes:
  • Residual inhibitor/solvent levels and endotoxin/bioburden (if applicable) should be assessed for sensitive uses.
  • Ensure complete cure and removal of unreacted acrylate to minimize extractables and leachables in device prototyping.
• Sterilization compatibility (general):
  • Filtration (0.22 µm) is preferred for solutions.
  • Gamma/E-beam or autoclave may cause chain scission or premature polymerization; validate case-by-case.

Physical Properties

Item-specific specifications are not provided in the Product Data. The following are general, literature-based characteristics of mPEG-acrylate macromonomers and should be used as guidance only (not specifications):

• Physical state/appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Literature (general): Waxy solid to viscous liquid depending on molecular weight (lower Mn: viscous liquids; higher Mn: semi-solids/solids).
• Solubility (literature, general):
  • Water: Typically freely soluble due to PEG segment.
  • Polar organics: Miscible/soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO.
  • Less polar solvents: Limited solubility in toluene/ethyl acetate (varies with Mn).
• Density/viscosity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Literature (general): Viscosity increases strongly with Mn and concentration.
• pKa / logP: Not applicable in the conventional sense for nonionic polymers; acrylate is neutral but electrophilic.
• Refractive index, BP/MP, Tg: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Literature (general): PEG backbones exhibit low Tg; acrylated PEGs may show softening near ambient depending on Mn and hydration.
• UV/Vis: Acrylate absorbs in the deep UV; PEG shows minimal absorbance >220 nm (literature, general). Protect from strong UV to avoid unintended polymerization.

Notes: Physical properties of PEG-based polymers depend strongly on average molecular weight (Mn), dispersity (Đ), and water content. Consult the CoA for the supplied lot’s Mn, Đ, and any residual solvent/moisture values if provided.

Quality and Grades

• Grade/purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Polymer-specific quality considerations (general guidance for mPEG-acrylate):
  • Average molecular weight (Mn) and dispersity (Đ): Critical for reproducibility of mechanical properties and diffusion in hydrogels/coatings.
  • End-group functionality: Acrylation conversion (typically reported as % acrylation or functionality) directly affects crosslinking density and cure speed.
  • Residuals: Solvents, inhibitors, catalysts, salts, and low-MW PEG species may impact polymerization kinetics and biocompatibility; high-purity grades minimize these.
  • Water content: PEG is hygroscopic; water inhibits radical polymerization and alters Michael addition stoichiometry. Karl Fischer moisture values are often reported for high-spec materials.
  • Bioburden/endotoxin (if relevant to your application): Some materials are offered with additional bioprocessing controls; check CoA if required.
• UV stabilizers/inhibitors: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Note: Acrylate monomers/macromonomers are often supplied with trace inhibitors to suppress premature polymerization; verify presence/level if your process is inhibitor-sensitive.
• Recommended verification (best practice):
  • 1H NMR to confirm acrylate vinyl protons and end-group conversion.
  • SEC/GPC for Mn and Đ.
  • FTIR (C=O ~1720 cm−1; C=C ~1635 cm−1).
  • KF titration for water.
  • UV trace (if used in photopolymerization) to assess background absorbance.

Reaction and Applications

This acrylate-terminated PEG is a versatile macromonomer for preparing hydrophilic networks, coatings, and copolymers.

Key application families (literature, general):

• Free-radical polymerization/crosslinking:
  • UV/visible photopolymerization with suitable photoinitiators to make PEG-based hydrogels, pressure-sensitive adhesives, and antifouling coatings.
  • Thermal or redox initiation (AIBN, APS/TEMED) for solution or bulk polymerizations.
  • Oxygen inhibition management: work under inert atmosphere; increase initiator; employ oxygen-scavenging additives.
• Michael-type additions:
  • Thiol–Michael click reactions with dithiols or thiolated biomolecules at pH ~7.5–8.5 yield thioether linkages with minimal radical species—useful for encapsulation-sensitive systems.
  • Aminolysis/aza-Michael is slower but possible with primary amines under basic catalysis.
• Surface and particle modification:
  • Grafting-from or grafting-to strategies to introduce PEG brushes for protein resistance and wettability control.
  • Coupling onto thiol-rich substrates (e.g., cysteine-bearing surfaces) via photoinitiated thiol–ene.
• Copolymer synthesis (RAFT/ATRP, literature):
  • Acts as a macromonomer to form blocky or comb architectures; PEG segment imparts water solubility and lowers Tg.

Practical notes:

• Keep materials dry and shielded from light to minimize premature cure.
• Verify % acrylation by 1H NMR; incomplete end-group conversion reduces crosslink density.
• Control solids content and Mn to tune gel modulus, swelling, and diffusion.

Reaction Conditions

The following conditions are general literature guidance for mPEG-acrylate reactions; they are not item-specific specifications. Optimize for your system.

• Photopolymerization (hydrogels/coatings):
  • Medium: Water or water/organic mixtures (e.g., PBS, HEPES).
  • Photoinitiators:
  – LAP (lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate) at ~0.05–0.5 wt% relative to solution.
  – Irgacure 2959 at ~0.05–0.5 wt% (more UV-centric).
  • Light: 365–405 nm, ~5–20 mW/cm², exposure 10 s–5 min depending on thickness and oxygen.
  • Notes: Degas solutions; increase initiator or use oxygen scavengers to mitigate inhibition.
• Redox/thermal radical polymerization:
  • Aqueous redox: APS (0.05–0.5 wt%) with TEMED (molar ratio 1:1–1:5), 20–25°C, gelation in minutes.
  • Organic thermal: AIBN (0.5–2 mol% vs acrylate), 60–70°C in dry polar organics.
• Thiol–Michael addition (click):
  • pH 7.5–8.5 in phosphate/HEPES; optional base catalysts (e.g., tertiary amines) at low mol% to accelerate.
  • Stoichiometry: Thiol equivalents ≈ acrylate equivalents for complete conversion.
  • Time/temperature: 20–25°C, 10 min–24 h depending on catalyst and concentration.
• Surface functionalization:
  • Spin/spray-coat solutions (1–10 wt%) followed by UV cure; silanize or plasma-activate substrates for adhesion if necessary.

Monitoring and QA:

• Follow conversion by FTIR (loss of C=C ~1635 cm−1) or 1H NMR (vinyl protons).
• Mechanical properties scale with solids, crosslinker functionality, and Mn; use rheometry for gel point and modulus mapping.

Safety and Handling

• GHS/CLP classification, signal word, H-statements, pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS for authoritative safety information.
• General hazards (literature, general):
  • Acrylate functionality can cause skin/eye irritation and may act as a skin sensitizer in some individuals.
  • PEG backbone is generally considered of low acute toxicity, but polymers can cause mechanical irritation.
  • Acrylates can undergo exothermic polymerization, especially under heat, UV, or in presence of peroxides/initiators.
• Handling recommendations:
  • Use appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile).
  • Work in a well-ventilated area or fume hood. Avoid inhalation of aerosols or dust (if solid).
  • Minimize exposure to light and heat to reduce risk of premature polymerization.
  • Avoid contamination with radical initiators, peroxides, strong bases, and strong nucleophiles unless intended for reaction.
• Incompatibilities (general): Strong oxidizers; strong bases (accelerate Michael addition/polymerization); free-radical initiators and UV light (initiate polymerization). Avoid copper salts and transition-metal residues if unintended radical reactions are a concern.
• First aid (summary; consult SDS):
  • Skin/eye contact: Rinse with water for several minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical advice if irritation persists.
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms develop.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention.
• Fire safety: Combustible organic polymer. Use standard extinguishing media (CO2, dry chemical, foam). Thermal decomposition may generate irritant fumes.
• Waste: Collect polymeric acrylates as organic chemical waste; cure polymer (if permitted) before disposal to minimize monomeric acrylate hazards. Follow institutional and local regulations.

Solvent Selection

mPEG-acrylate is amphiphilic due to its PEG chain and polar acrylate terminus.

• Polarity/miscibility (literature, general):
  • Water: Typically highly soluble across common Mn ranges.
  • Polar organics: Readily soluble in DMSO, DMF, NMP, MeOH, EtOH, isopropanol, acetonitrile, acetone.
  • Moderately polar: Often soluble in ethyl acetate; solubility decreases with increasing Mn.
  • Nonpolar: Limited solubility in toluene/hexanes; may require co-solvents.
• Choosing a solvent by application:
  • Photopolymerized hydrogels/coatings: Water or aqueous buffer for biointerfaces; add photoinitiator compatible with 365–405 nm.
  • Michael addition (thiol–Michael): Aqueous buffer at pH ~7.5–8.5 or mixed water/organic; maintain low oxygen for faster cure.
  • Free-radical solution polymerization: Use low-water, oxygen-free polar organics (e.g., DMF, MeOH) with appropriate initiator.
  • Surface grafting: Aqueous or alcohol solutions wet many substrates; consider adding wetting agents only if compatible with cure chemistry.
• Practical tips:
  • Dry solvents (especially for radical polymerizations); PEG is hygroscopic.
  • Degas (N2/Ar bubbling) to reduce oxygen inhibition.
  • Warm gently (30–40°C) to reduce viscosity for dissolution; avoid prolonged heating/light.

Mini comparison (literature, general):

• Water: Green, biocompatible medium; oxygen inhibition can slow radical cure.
• DMSO/DMF: Excellent solubility; remove thoroughly for bioapplications; can quench radicals at high concentrations.
• Alcohols: Good solubility; volatile for film formation; may participate in transesterification under strong base—avoid if undesired.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage conditions (from Product Data): Store at -20°C.
• Shipping (from Product Data): Shipped in ice chest with ice pads.

Additional handling guidance (general):

• Protect from light and moisture to prevent premature acrylate polymerization and hydrolysis.
• Allow container to warm to room temperature in a desiccator before opening to avoid condensation.
• Reseal tightly under inert gas if possible; return to -20°C promptly.
• Avoid repeated freeze–thaw of solutions; prepare single-use aliquots.

Reconstitution/solubilization (literature, general):

• Solvents: Water, PBS/HEPES buffer, or dry polar organics (e.g., DMSO, DMF, ethanol) depending on application.
• Concentration: Commonly 5–30 wt% for hydrogel precursors; adjust per Mn and target modulus.
• Technique: Warm gently (≤40°C) to reduce viscosity; stir or tumble until homogeneous. Degas if performing radical cure.
• Filtration: 0.22 µm sterile filtration for biological studies; avoid prolonged light exposure during handling.

Specifications not provided in Product Data: Grade/purity, appearance, exact molecular weight, water content, stabilizer/inhibitor presence, and any metal or UV-cutoff parameters are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Research Use Note: For research use only.

Structure and Identity

A methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) bearing a terminal acrylate group (mPEG–O–(CH2CH2O)n–COO–CH=CH2), commonly used as a PEG macromonomer for radical or Michael-type polymerizations.

• SKU: M597345
• Product name: m-PEG-Acrylate (methoxy-PEG acrylate; mPEG–Acrylate)
• Category: Materials Science (polymer/macromonomer)
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Note: For polymers, an exact empirical formula is typically represented by a repeat unit (–CH2CH2O–)n with defined end groups (MeO– and acrylate).
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Note: mPEG-acrylates are offered in various average Mn values; polydispersity (Đ) is intrinsic to PEG.
• SMILES / InChI / InChIKey: Not applicable for a polydisperse polymer; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Structural features (general):
  • One terminus: methoxy-capped PEG (non-ionic, hydrophilic polyether).
  • Other terminus: activated acrylate ester (electron-deficient alkene conjugated to carbonyl).
  • No stereocenters; flexible polyether backbone.
• 2D description: A long repeating –CH2–CH2–O– chain capped by –O–CH3 on one end and –O–C(=O)–CH=CH2 (acrylate) on the other; the acrylate double bond is conjugated to the carbonyl, enabling radical and Michael-type addition.

Synthetic Utility

As a macromonomer, mPEG-acrylate provides a hydrophilic polyether segment with an acrylate handle for modular polymer synthesis (literature, general):

• Functional handles:
  • Electron-poor C=C of the acrylate: undergoes radical polymerization and conjugate (Michael) addition.
  • Terminal methoxy: inert end-cap preventing further growth on the PEG terminus.
• Representative transformations:
  • Free-radical copolymerizations with acrylates, acrylamides, vinyl lactams to generate comb-like or blocky copolymers.
  • Thiol–Michael coupling with dithiols to form crosslinked networks; with thiol-bearing ligands for surface functionalization.
  • Post-polymerization modification: remaining functional comonomers can be used to introduce charges, fluorophores, or bioactive motifs while PEG maintains solubility and antifouling character.
• Named/benchmark reactions:
  • Thiol–Michael addition (base-catalyzed, aqueous-friendly).
  • Photoinitiated radical polymerization (e.g., with LAP, Irgacure-type initiators).
  • RAFT incorporation as a macromonomer to yield well-defined architectures (control via chain-transfer agents).
• Retrosynthetic value:
  • Enables rapid access to hydrogel libraries with tunable mesh size by varying Mn, solids content, and crosslinker functionality.
  • Facilitates synthesis of amphiphilic block/comb copolymers that self-assemble into micelles or films for coating technologies.

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is a polymeric reagent, not a biological targeting reagent or antibody. There is no antigen/epitope or species specificity associated with mPEG-acrylate. For use-cases, see Reaction & Applications and Synthetic Utility.