GRADE & PURITYMoligand™?Moligand™ — Aladdin's line of ligands and bioactive small molecules. Use for receptor, pathway, and binding studies needing defined small-molecule tools.
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diarylethers. These are organic compounds containing the dialkyl ether functional group, with the formula ROR', where R and R' are aryl groups.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
Certificados (CoA, COO, BSE/TSE y tabla de análisis)
C of A & Other Certificates(BSE/TSE, COO):
Analytical Chart:
Calculadoras de soluciones
Molarity Calculator
Determine the necessary mass, volume, or concentration for preparing a solution.
Dilution Calculator
Determine the dilution needed to prepare a stock solution.
Reconstitution Calculator
Reseñas
Reseñas de cliente
Application Protocols
Item-specific validated protocols are not provided. The following general procedures illustrate common research uses for nitrosamine standards like nitrosoprodenafil. Adjust to your instrumentation and compliance requirements.
LC–MS/MS Calibration Curve (general):
Prepare a 10 mM stock in DMSO or MeCN (amber vial). Serially dilute into 50:50 MeCN/H2O with 0.1% formic acid to 0.1–100 ng/mL.
Use a 2.1 × 100 mm C18 column, 0.3 mL/min, gradient 5→95% MeCN over 8–10 min.
Homogenize placebo blend or excipient; spike at 0.5–5 ppm with standard solution.
Extract with MeCN:H2O (80:20) containing 0.1% formic acid; vortex/sonicate 10–20 min, centrifuge, filter (0.2 µm PTFE), analyze by LC–MS.
Assess recovery (target 70–120%) and matrix effects via post‑extraction spike.
Photostability Check (general):
Split a working solution (e.g., 1 µg/mL in MeCN/H2O); store one in light, one in the dark at room temperature for 24 h; quantify loss to inform handling.
These are illustrative, non‑validated methods provided for research use only. Item-specific, validated conditions are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Biological Roles
Item-specific biological data are not provided. The following information reflects general knowledge of nitrosamines and nitrosated drug analogues and should not be construed as medical or clinical claims.
Nitrosamines (general): A broad class of N‑nitroso compounds known for their potential genotoxicity; many act as alkylating agents after metabolic activation (e.g., via CYP450-mediated α‑hydroxylation in the liver; literature context). Their biological concern arises from the formation of reactive intermediates that can modify nucleophilic biomolecules, including DNA.
Drug-analogue nitrosamines: When nitrosation occurs on a drug scaffold (e.g., prodenafil analogue), the physicochemical properties and metabolic pathways can differ from both the parent drug and simple dialkylnitrosamines, but the nitrosamine moiety flags potential genotoxic risk in regulatory assessments.
Research use cases: Standards like nitrosoprodenafil are employed in bioanalytical method development (e.g., plasma or simulated gastric fluid spiking studies) to study extraction efficiency, matrix effects, and detection limits for nitrosamine impurities.
Enzyme interactions: Some nitrosamines are substrates for microsomal oxidations; in vitro studies (S9, microsomes) can elucidate metabolic stability and potential bioactivation, but no item-specific data are provided here.
Item-specific biological parameters (protein binding, clearance, EC50/IC50, permeability) are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. Use only in controlled research settings with appropriate approvals and risk assessments.
Buffer Applications
This product is not a buffering reagent and is not typically used to prepare or maintain pH in biochemical systems.
Practical notes for analytical workflows (general guidance):
When preparing LC–MS samples, common volatile buffers include ammonium formate or ammonium acetate (1–20 mM) with 0.1% formic acid; these are compatible with ESI and reduce salt deposition.
For bioanalytical extractions, adjust matrix pH to suppress degradation or adduct formation of nitrosamines (often mildly acidic conditions), but verify stability empirically.
Item-specific buffer capacity, pKa, or compatibility data are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. For purposes of buffering, consider dedicated buffer systems (phosphate, HEPES, ammonium formate) instead.
Green Alternatives
Because nitrosoprodenafil is a specialized analytical/reference compound rather than a bulk solvent or reagent, “green alternative” considerations focus on greener analytical practices and prevention of nitrosamine formation.
Greener analytical choices (general guidance):
Mobile phases: Favor water-rich mobile phases with ethanol or isopropanol as organic modifiers where compatible with sensitivity, reducing acetonitrile consumption.
Miniaturization: Use micro- or capillary-LC to reduce solvent usage; employ 2.1 mm ID columns at lower flow rates.
Solid-phase extraction (SPE): Optimize cleanup to minimize large-volume liquid–liquid extractions.
Prevention vs. remediation (process chemistry context):
Avoid nitrosating conditions: Control nitrite levels in raw materials and water, and minimize acidic conditions that generate nitrosating species (literature: NO2− + acid → HNO2 → NO+ equivalents).
Choose alternative amine protecting groups or tertiary amine designs less susceptible to nitrosation when feasible.
Comparison snapshot (general):
Conventional: MeCN/MeOH mobile phases, larger injection volumes, and repeated standard preparation.
Greener alternative: Water/EtOH systems where feasible, reduced flow rates, and stable concentrated stocks aliquoted to reduce waste.
Tradeoffs:
Switching to greener solvents may affect ionization efficiency and retention; method re-optimization is required.
Note: There are no “green substitutes” for the identity standard itself in regulated impurity testing; however, greener chromatographic practices can substantially reduce environmental impact.
Pharmaceutical Uses
No therapeutic or clinical use is implied. The material is for research use only.
Relevant roles in pharmaceutical quality and manufacturing (general/literature context):
Reference standard for impurity control: Nitrosoprodenafil can serve as a system suitability and calibration standard for nitrosamine impurity testing in drug substances and products per contemporary regulatory expectations (e.g., ICH M7, EMA/FDA nitrosamine guidance; literature context). It supports method validation (specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD/LOQ) in QC laboratories.
Process risk assessment: Used in lab studies to evaluate potential formation of nitrosated species under process conditions (e.g., exposure to nitrite under acidic conditions), guiding mitigation strategies.
Extractables/leachables and excipient screening: Spiking studies into excipients or packaging extracts can help confirm absence of interferences at the analyte retention/mass transitions.
Excipient status and pharmacopeial monographs:
There is no pharmacopeial excipient monograph for nitrosoprodenafil. It is not used as an excipient.
Any item-specific pharmacopeial compliance, residual solvent limits, or elemental impurity testing are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Physical Properties
Item-specific measured properties:
Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Melting point (MP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Boiling point (BP): Not applicable/rarely reported for such solids; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Refractive index: Not applicable for solids; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
LogP/logD, pKa: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Many nitrosamine-bearing drug-analogue impurities are crystalline or amorphous organic solids at ambient temperature and typically dissolve well in polar aprotic solvents (DMSO, DMF, acetonitrile) and moderately in alcohols; aqueous solubility varies and may require co-solvent.
Nitrosamines can exhibit photolability and gradual decomposition under strong light or elevated temperature; amber storage and minimized heat exposure are prudent practices.
For analytical work (LC–MS/HRMS), stock solutions at 0.1–10 mg/mL are commonly prepared in dry acetonitrile or DMSO, then diluted into mobile phase.
Important: Do not treat the above general statements as specifications. For quantitative values and lot-specific measurements, consult the Aladdin CoA/Spec Sheet provided with the item.
Quality and Grades
Grade: Moligand™. This designation indicates the compound is supplied for discovery chemistry and screening workflows (e.g., target engagement studies, binding assays, method development), emphasizing identity confirmation and practical handling in small‑molecule libraries. It is not a GMP material and is not intended for human or veterinary use.
What Moligand™ typically implies (general guidance):
Identity and purity appropriate for research screening, often supported by orthogonal characterization (e.g., LC–MS and 1H NMR). Exact purity specifications for this lot are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Packaging optimized for library use (e.g., small vials/aliquots) to minimize freeze–thaw and headspace oxygen/moisture exposure.
Trace stabilizers: None stated; Not specified for this item. If stabilizers or form (salt/base/solvate) are relevant, these will be listed on the CoA.
Analytical considerations for nitrosamine standards (context):
Low‑level background and UV/MS cleanliness are desirable for impurity profiling; if you require chromatography‑grade attributes (e.g., known UV cutoff, residual metals, or residual solvents), consult the CoA and request supporting data.
Documentation and release testing:
Lot-specific data such as mass spectrum, purity by HPLC/UPLC, and water content (if applicable) are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Note: For regulated workflows (ICH M7 nitrosamine risk evaluation, method validation), obtain full analytical documentation from the CoA and consider running an in‑house system suitability set including this standard.
Reaction and Applications
This product is primarily suited for analytical and research applications rather than as a routine synthetic reagent.
Analytical/QA applications (general, expand on catalog context):
Nitrosamine impurity standard: Useful as a reference in LC–MS/MS, GC–MS (if volatile derivatives are made), and UPLC–UV methods to support impurity profiling, method development, and instrument qualification for nitrosamine risk assessments (e.g., per ICH M7 and EMA nitrosamine guidance; literature context).
Stress testing: Serves as a positive control for nitrosation‑related degradation pathways when evaluating nitrosamine formation risks in amine‑containing drug substances and products.
Calibration and spike‑recovery: Supports generation of calibration curves and spike‑recovery studies in complex matrices (excipients, drug substance, or finished dosage forms) to validate extraction and detection procedures.
Research workflows:
Binding/target-agnostic screening: As a Moligand™ library member, it can be included in discovery screening cascades (biophysical assays, chemical proteomics) strictly for research use, recognizing the nitrosamine functionality and associated hazards.
Practical notes:
Use high-purity solvents and LC–MS–compatible additives (formic acid, ammonium formate) to maintain reproducibility.
To mitigate adsorption losses at low ng/mL levels, precondition glassware with a small aliquot of standard solution or include 0.1% formic acid in MeCN/H2O.
No medical or therapeutic applications are implied; this material is offered solely for research and analytical method development.
Reaction Conditions
No item-specific reaction conditions are provided. The following are general, literature-based conditions relevant to the formation and analysis of N‑nitrosamines and may guide lab practices when generating analytical comparators (not for scale-up):
Nitrosation (general):
Reagents: NaNO2 (1.0–1.5 eq) with HCl or AcOH in water/THF/MeOH; or organic nitrites (tert‑butyl or isoamyl nitrite, 1.1–1.5 eq) in aprotic solvents.
Temperature: 0–25 °C to limit side reactions; monitor by TLC or LC–MS.
Time: 0.5–4 h depending on substrate electronics and sterics.
Workup: Neutralization, extraction into organic phase, careful drying in darkness; avoid strong light to reduce photolysis.
Purification: Silica gel chromatography under subdued light; use non‑acidic eluents to prevent decomposition. Alternatively, preparative HPLC with MeCN/H2O (0.1% formic acid) for analytical‑grade standards.
Analytical method hints (LC–MS/MS; general):
Mobile phase: H2O (0.1% formic acid) / MeCN gradient; flow 0.2–0.4 mL/min (2.1 mm ID column).
Detection: ESI+ or ESI− depending on scaffold; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions determined empirically.
Stability: Store autosampler vials at 4–8 °C, shielded from light; prepare fresh dilutions daily to minimize decomposition.
Expected yields and kinetics vary widely with substrate; consult primary literature for prodenafil analogues. For this SKU, all quantitative parameters are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Safety and Handling
Item-specific hazard information (from Product Data):
Signal Word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
H‑Statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
GHS Classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
General safety guidance (literature/context; defer to SDS for authoritative instructions):
Nitrosamines are widely regarded as potential or probable carcinogens. Handle nitrosoprodenafil with heightened caution, inside a certified fume hood, avoiding any inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. Use double nitrile gloves (change frequently), lab coat, and splash goggles or face shield when weighing solutions.
Avoid strong acids plus nitrite sources and strong oxidants in the same workspace to prevent in situ nitrosation chemistry.
Incompatibilities (general): strong oxidizers, reducing agents capable of denitrosation, and prolonged UV light exposure.
Hygiene: Employ single‑use weigh boats; decontaminate balances and tools after use. Dispose of waste as halogen‑free organic waste unless local policy requires segregated carcinogen/nitrosamine waste streams.
First aid (overview; consult SDS): If on skin, wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing. If in eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air; if ingested, seek immediate medical attention.
Spill response: Absorb small spills with inert material (silica, vermiculite) while wearing full PPE; collect in sealed container for disposal according to institutional guidelines.
Always consult and follow the Aladdin SDS specific to this SKU for definitive hazard, exposure limits, and response procedures.
Solvent Selection
Item-specific solubility is not provided in the Product Data. The following guidance is general for small organic nitrosamine standards:
Primary stock solvents (general):
DMSO: Often provides highest solubility and stability for library stocks; compatible with dilution into most assay buffers at ≤1% v/v.
Acetonitrile (MeCN): Preferred for LC–MS/UPLC methods; low viscosity and strong elution power.
Methanol/Ethanol: Useful for UV detection workflows; may cause different ionization behavior in ESI.
Aqueous media: Direct aqueous solubility may be limited. Use co‑solvent strategies (1–10% DMSO or MeCN) or surfactant‑free buffers to avoid adduct formation.
Polarity and miscibility (general/literature):
Nitrosamines are typically polar‑neutral to weakly basic compounds (depending on the parent amine) and dissolve well in polar aprotics; they are miscible with common organic solvents and poorly soluble in alkanes.
Practical tips:
Prepare concentrated DMSO or MeCN stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM) and make fresh working dilutions daily for LC–MS quantitation.
Filter through 0.2 µm PTFE syringe filters when preparing analytical standards in organic media to remove particulates.
Avoid prolonged exposure to strong light; use amber vials to minimize photolysis of the N–nitroso group.
Note: For exact solubility limits and any unusual solvent incompatibilities, Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Shipped In: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General handling and reconstitution guidance (for small-molecule nitrosamine standards):
Protect from light: Store in amber vials or secondary light‑blocking containers to minimize photolysis of the nitrosamine group.
Atmosphere: Keep tightly capped; minimize headspace and repeated cap openings. If long-term storage is anticipated, consider aliquoting under dry nitrogen/argon.
Reconstitution: For analytical stocks, dissolve in anhydrous DMSO or acetonitrile to prepare 10–50 mM solutions. Mix gently to avoid aerosol formation; verify complete dissolution visually and by test injection.
Working solutions: Prepare fresh daily or weekly depending on observed stability. Refrigerate autosampler vials (4–8 °C) and avoid more than 24–48 h residence time unless stability is demonstrated.
Freeze–thaw: If supplied as a solid, avoid repeated thaw–refreeze of reconstituted solutions by aliquoting; if supplied in solution, follow the lot-specific guidance on the label/CoA.
Disposal:
Collect residual solutions and rinsates as organic hazardous waste; institutions may require designated carcinogen waste handling for nitrosamines.
For any lot-specific constraints (hydrate/solvate form, salt form, stabilizers, shelf-life), Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Structure and Identity
Brief overview: Nitrosoprodenafil is described as a nitrosated analogue (N‑nitrosamine) related to prodenafil; it is supplied here as a small-molecule library member for research use.
Item-specific identifiers (from Product Data):
SKU: N612312
Product Name: nitrosoprodenafil
CAS: N612312 (catalog reference identifier)
PubChem CID: 71308247
InChIKey: 29333
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Structural features (general/literature context, not item-specific specs):
Functional group: N‑nitrosamine moiety (–N(=O)–N–), commonly arising by nitrosation of secondary/tertiary amines.
Core scaffold relationship: Derived from the PDE5 inhibitor prodenafil scaffold; nitrosation typically occurs on a dialkyl (or cyclic) secondary amine nitrogen if present in the parent.
2D description: An organic framework containing heteroatoms (N, O, S possible in the parent scaffold) with one nitrosamine group bound to nitrogen; conjugated and aromatic features may be present as in sildenafil-like analogues (literature context).
Stereochemistry: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Identity and traceability:
Grade/Purity: Moligand™ (vendor screening-ligand grade; see Quality & Grades tab).
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Note: Exact atom connectivity (SMILES), formula, and mass must be taken from the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for the specific lot. The above “structural features” are general literature context for nitrosated PDE5-analogue impurities and do not constitute item-specific specifications.
Synthetic Utility
While not commonly employed as a building block, nitrosoprodenafil is informative for understanding nitrosation chemistry of amine-containing scaffolds and can guide retrosynthetic and stabilization strategies.
General synthetic context (literature):
Formation of N‑nitrosamines: Typically achieved by nitrosation of secondary amines using NaNO2 with mineral acid (generating HNO2), nitrosyl chloride, or organic nitrites (e.g., tert‑butyl nitrite, isoamyl nitrite) under controlled temperatures (0–25 °C). The reaction proceeds via formation of a nitrosyl cation equivalent (NO+) that reacts with the amine nitrogen.
Selectivity considerations: Secondary vs. tertiary amines, steric hindrance, and electronic effects influence nitrosation rates; competing N‑oxidation or diazotization (for anilines) must be considered.
Stability and transformations: N‑nitrosamines can undergo photolysis, thermal denitrosation, or reduction (e.g., with Zn/AcOH) to regenerate the parent amine or form hydroxylamines/azo species depending on conditions.
Application to impurity control:
Understanding the nitrosation pathway informs process design to avoid formation (controlling nitrite contamination, pH, and quench conditions). Synthetic chemists may generate small quantities of specific nitrosamines, such as nitrosoprodenafil, solely as analytical comparators (reference standards), not as synthetic intermediates.
Item-specific reactivity data or unique transformations are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Target Specificity
This product is a small molecule and not a biological targeting reagent (e.g., antibody, peptide probe). No item-specific target-binding data are provided.
Antigen/epitope: Not applicable.
Clone/Isotype/Species reactivity: Not applicable.
General note: While nitrosoprodenafil is structurally related to a known PDE5 inhibitor scaffold (prodenafil), the presence of a nitrosamine group can significantly alter binding properties. No binding or potency data for this specific nitrosated analogue are provided here. Any investigation of target engagement should be performed strictly as basic research and method development.
Item-specific target specificity data are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Preguntas frecuentes
What is Moligand??
Moligand? is one of Aladdin Scientific's premium product lines, formulated for high-purity applications across multiple workflows. Compared to standard grades in the same workflow, Moligand? products typically offer tighter specifications, more rigorous QC, and stronger lot-to-lot consistency.
How should this product be stored?
Store at room temperature.
What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?
The CAS Number is N612312. InChIKey BNIFBESUYAAZKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N.
What documentation is provided?
Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.
Need help choosing the grade?
Our grade selection guide covers purity, stabilizer status, and application suitability for all variants in our catalog.
We use cookies to ensure the website functions properly and, where permitted, to improve your experience. You can manage your preferences at any time in Settings. Learn more in our Cookie Policy.
Shall we send you a message when we have discounts available?
Remind me later
Thank you! Please check your email inbox to confirm.
Products are supplied to verified businesses, institutions, and qualified professionals for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.
