DSPE-PEG-Cy5, MW 2000 , CAS No.D1440132

CAS: D1440132 Cat. No.: D1440132 분자량: 2000(Average)

Storage

Protected from light,Store at -20°C,Desiccated

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

개요

DSPE-PEG-Cy5, MW 2000 a red fluorophore polyPEG with lipid hydrophobic tails. The Cy5 fluorophore is commonly used in applications such as protein and nucleic acid labeling for imaging, flow cytometry, and genomic applications. The dye has an excitation peak at 651 nm and an emission peak at 670 nm.

Specifications

보관 조건

Protected from light,Store at -20°C,Desiccated

배송

Ice chest + Ice pads

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이름과 식별자

분자량

2000(Average)

Application Protocols

Tested applications, recommended dilutions, and positive controls are not specified for this item; refer to the product CoA/Spec Sheet and SDS. As this is a research-use fluorescent lipid conjugate, users typically develop formulation-specific procedures and validate performance empirically.

Biological Roles

• Intrinsic biological function: None inherent. DSPE-PEG-Cy5 is a synthetic amphiphile designed for research tools, not a native biomolecule.

• Role in model systems (literature/general)

  • Membrane mimicry: The DSPE anchor embeds in phospholipid bilayers; PEG imparts steric stabilization and reduces nonspecific interactions. Cy5 enables optical readout.
  • Trafficking and uptake studies: Fluorescent labeling of liposomes/LNPs permits visualization of interactions with cells or biomimetic barriers in vitro.
  • Surface crowding and corona studies: Varying PEG surface density and dye content helps examine protein adsorption and nanoparticle stealth characteristics.

• Photophysics in biological media

  • Cy5 fluorescence is sensitive to environment, local viscosity, and proximity to quenchers (e.g., tryptophan, heme). High dye density can cause self-quenching; PEG spacing mitigates this.
  • Photobleaching is accelerated by oxygen and high-intensity illumination; minimize exposure and use antifade agents where compatible.

• Spectral channeling

  • Cy5 typically excites in the red channel (around 633–647 nm lasers) and emits near 670 nm, facilitating multicolor imaging with minimal autofluorescence (values are literature/general; verify in your matrix).

This product is provided strictly for research use only; no clinical or diagnostic use is implied.

Buffer Applications

This product is not a buffering agent and is not typically used to prepare or control pH in biochemical assays. For best performance, select buffers compatible with your lipid formulation (e.g., HEPES, PBS) and focus on sections covering Solvent Selection, Reaction & Applications, and Reaction Conditions for formulation guidance.

Green Alternatives

While chlorinated solvents are traditional for dissolving lipid–PEG conjugates, greener strategies can reduce environmental and safety burdens.

• Greener solvent options (literature/general)

  • Ethanol and isopropanol: Effective for post-insertion and sometimes for thin-film preparation (with extended dissolution time or mild heating). Low toxicity, easy removal.
  • 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF): Bio-derived ether with better safety profile than DCM; may aid dissolution of hydrophobic segments when blended with alcohols.
  • Supercritical CO2-assisted deposition: Specialized; can deposit lipids with minimal organic solvent residues.

• Process choices

  • Replace CHCl3/CH2Cl2 with ethanol or ethanol:water cosolvent for loading into preformed vesicles/LNPs, provided the system tolerates alcohol.
  • Use rotary evaporation with efficient cold-trap capture and solvent recycling to minimize emissions when chlorinated solvents are necessary.

• Tradeoffs

  • Alcohol-only systems may dissolve more slowly and can induce bilayer defects at high concentrations; stage-wise addition and rapid dilution mitigate effects.
  • Ethers (2-MeTHF) can form peroxides; implement routine peroxide testing.

• Comparison snapshot (general)

  • CHCl3/DCM: rapid dissolution, strong health/environmental concerns.
  • Ethanol/IPA: safer, renewable sources available; may require elevated temperature or time.
  • 2-MeTHF: greener than DCM; check compatibility and remove thoroughly to avoid residue.

Select solvent systems consistent with your downstream assays and regulatory constraints for research use.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No pharmacopeial or excipient grade details are provided for this item; it is supplied for research use only.

• Research formulation context (literature/general)

  • Commonly employed as a fluorescent tracer in preclinical formulation development and analytical characterization of liposomes or lipid nanoparticles.
  • Useful for process development tasks such as tracking encapsulation, surface decoration uniformity, and recovery during purification.

• Considerations

  • Dye labeling can alter particle surface properties; keep the mol% low and verify that functional performance metrics (size, PDI, zeta potential, cargo retention) are unaffected.
  • Validate extractables/leachables and residual solvent profiles according to internal research QA practices; for regulated applications, obtain materials with appropriate documentation.

No therapeutic claims or clinical uses are made or implied for this product.

Physical Properties

Item-specific physicochemical specifications (bp, mp, density, solubility constants) are not provided for this catalog entry.

• Item-specific values

  • Melting point/phase transition: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. (Note: DSPE-based lipids often exhibit high gel–fluid Tm; PEGylation modifies apparent Tm.)
  • Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Refractive index, logP, pKa: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Typical behavior for DSPE-PEG-Cy5 conjugates (literature/general)

  • Physical form: solid or waxy film; strongly amphiphilic; forms micelles or incorporates into lipid bilayers.
  • Organic solubility: dissolves in chlorinated solvents (e.g., CHCl3, CH2Cl2) and polar organics like methanol/ethanol and mixtures (depending on PEG length and counterions).
  • Aqueous behavior: limited monomeric solubility; readily disperses into micelles or liposomes with co-lipids upon hydration and agitation; critical micelle concentration is strongly formulation-dependent.
  • Spectroscopy (Cy5 core): absorbance λmax typically ~646–650 nm; emission λmax typically ~662–670 nm in aqueous buffers; extinction coefficient on the order of 2–2.5 × 10^5 M−1 cm−1 for free Cy5 dyes. Conjugation and environment can shift these values (literature values; not item-specific specs).

• Photophysics (general)

  • Cy5 exhibits environmental sensitivity: fluorescence can be quenched at high local dye density or in certain solvent/bilayer environments (self-quenching). Photobleaching occurs under strong illumination; protect from light.

Quality and Grades

• Grade/purity for this specific SKU: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Interpreting grade for dye–lipid conjugates (general guidance)

  • Purity typically encompasses lipid/dye conjugation efficiency, residual free dye, unconjugated lipid, and solvent residuals. For fluorescence applications, trace free dye can significantly affect background; HPLC characterization is standard.
  • PEG polydispersity: PEG2000 denotes an average molecular weight; distributions (Ð) influence mass spectra and exact composition. CoAs often report Mn/Mw and residual reagent profiles.
  • Water and peroxide content: For lipid quality, low peroxide values and low water are important to minimize oxidative degradation and hydrolysis. If critical, request current CoA with specific limits.

• What to look for on the CoA/Spec Sheet

  • Analytical identity: MALDI/ESI-MS profile consistent with DSPE-PEG2k-Cy5; HPLC purity and free dye content.
  • Residual solvents and volatiles.
  • Appearance and color, consistency across lots.
  • Storage and re-test dates; recommended shelf life under desiccation and light protection.

• Practical implications

  • For quantitative imaging or biodistribution studies in model systems, use lots with low free-dye content and verify fluorescence spectra in your matrix.
  • For nanoparticle formulation, consistency in PEG MW distribution aids in batch-to-batch reproducibility of surface coverage and dye density.

Reaction and Applications

This material is a formulated tracer/amphiphile rather than a synthetic intermediate. Its primary value is in fluorescence-enabled formulation science and membrane studies.

• Core application areas (literature/general)

  • Fluorescent labeling of liposomes, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), micelles, and supported bilayers for imaging, tracking, and recovery studies.
  • Surface visualization of PEGylated assemblies; assessing stability, fusion, uptake, and leakage in model systems.
  • FRET pair design with compatible donors/acceptors in membranes to probe distance and organization.

• Formulation use notes

  • Typical doping levels for bilayers: 0.1–2 mol% relative to total lipid to balance signal vs. self-quenching; optimize empirically.
  • Distribution: DSPE anchors in the bilayer; PEG spacer projects into the aqueous phase, minimizing dye–dye stacking and reducing self-quenching compared with direct lipid–dye conjugates without PEG.
  • Post-insertion can be viable above the bilayer Tm; PEG length aids insertion kinetics and reduces desorption.

• Analytical/assay use

  • Track nanoparticle purification by fluorescence; quantify dye incorporation via absorption using Cy5 ε (literature) and mass balance.
  • Co-localization with other fluorophores requires spectral unmixing in the Cy5 channel (~650/670 nm).

• Not typically used in named organic reactions; it is a destination molecule. If chemical modification is intended, protect the chromophore and avoid conditions that hydrolyze esters or cleave PEG.

Reaction Conditions

This product is not commonly used as a substrate in classical organic reactions. The following guidance pertains to assembly/formulation conditions for incorporating the amphiphile into lipid structures (literature/general):

• Thin-film hydration

  • Dissolve DSPE-PEG-Cy5 with co-lipids in CHCl3 or CHCl3:MeOH, evaporate under reduced pressure to a uniform film, and dry thoroughly (e.g., vacuum desiccation) to remove traces. Hydrate with pre-warmed buffer while agitating. Temperature is typically set above the highest bilayer Tm of the lipid mixture; DSPE-containing systems often require 60–70 °C to ensure fluidity.

• Post-insertion into preformed vesicles/LNPs

  • Prepare a concentrated solution in ethanol or isopropanol. Add slowly to the nanoparticle dispersion held above its phase transition temperature while stirring. Incubate 10–60 min to allow insertion, then dialyze or diafilter to remove solvent/free dye. Optimize temperature/time by formulation.

• Micelle formation

  • Add to warm aqueous buffer with sonication or vortexing. Allow equilibration and remove aggregates by low-speed centrifugation or filtration if needed.

• Analytical checks

  • Confirm incorporation by absorbance/fluorescence; assess self-quenching by dilution curves. For bilayers, monitor size/PDI by DLS and inspect for dye leakage over time.

All conditions are general guidance from literature; adapt to your co-lipids, cargo, and instrumentation.

Safety and Handling

• GHS/Signal word/pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS for authoritative hazard classification.

• General hazards (literature/general)

  • PEGylated phospholipid–dye conjugates are typically considered low volatility solids. Avoid inhalation of dust/particulates, ingestion, and contact with skin/eyes.
  • Cyanine dyes can be light sensitive and may generate reactive species under intense illumination; minimize light exposure.

• PPE and engineering controls

  • Wear lab coat, safety glasses, and appropriate chemically resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile). Handle powders/films in a clean, dry area; use a fume hood for weighing and solvent handling.
  • Use amber glassware or wrap containers in foil to limit light exposure.

• Incompatibilities and stability (general)

  • Avoid strong oxidizers and strong acids/bases that can hydrolyze ester linkages or degrade the dye.
  • Avoid prolonged heating in air; thermal stress can promote oxidation of lipid chains and dye bleaching.
  • Ethers and other peroxide-forming solvents used for dissolution should be verified peroxide-free.

• First-aid overview (general guidance; defer to SDS)

  • Skin/eye contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air; obtain medical advice if symptoms occur.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention.

• Waste

  • Collect dye-containing organic waste in appropriate light-protected containers for solvent waste; dispose per institutional and local regulations.

Solvent Selection

DSPE-PEG-Cy5 is an amphiphile; solvent choice depends on whether you are dissolving for thin-film casting, direct micellization, or post-insertion into pre-formed bilayers.

• Polarity/miscibility profile (literature/general)

  • Soluble in chlorinated organics (e.g., chloroform, dichloromethane); soluble or swellable in alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol); dispersible in water when co-formulated with lipids or surfactants.
  • PEG block favors polar solvents; DSPE tails favor nonpolar. Mixed solvent systems (e.g., CHCl3:MeOH 2:1) are commonly used for homogeneous films.

• Typical use scenarios

  • Thin-film hydration: Dissolve with other lipids in CHCl3 or CHCl3:MeOH, form a uniform film, then evaporate solvent thoroughly before hydration.
  • Post-insertion: Dissolve in a minimal volume of ethanol or isopropanol and add to warmed liposome/LNP dispersions, then incubate to allow insertion and PEG-dye presentation (conditions vary by formulation).
  • Aqueous micelles: Slow addition to warm buffer with sonication can yield micellar dispersions.

• Comparison pointers

  • Alcohols are greener and easier to remove than chlorinated solvents but may give slower dissolution of the lipid tails.
  • DMSO can dissolve many PEGylated conjugates, but residual DMSO may impact biological assays; verify compatibility.

• Practical tips

  • Use dry, oxygen-poor solvents to limit oxidation; verify absence of peroxides in ethers/alcohols if used.
  • Filter solutions (0.22–0.45 µm) if particulates are observed and if solvent system is compatible with the membrane.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage (item-specific)

  • Protected from light.
  • Store at −20 °C.
  • Keep desiccated.
  • Shipping: Ice chest + ice pads.

• Stability notes (general)

  • Minimize freeze–thaw and moisture exposure to preserve lipid integrity and dye fluorescence. Store under inert atmosphere if possible.

• Reconstitution for use

  • Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Containers

  • Use amber vials and cap promptly after use to limit light and humidity exposure.

Always consult the latest CoA and SDS for authoritative handling and storage guidance.

Structure and Identity

DSPE-PEG-Cy5, MW 2000 is an amphiphilic, dye-labeled phospholipid comprising a saturated C18/C18 phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE) anchor, a poly(ethylene glycol) spacer (PEG, nominal Mn ≈ 2000), and a terminal cyanine-5 (Cy5) fluorophore.

• Item-specific identifiers

  • CAS: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. (Note: PEG conjugates are polydisperse; formula varies.)
  • Nominal molecular weight: PEG segment nominal MW ~2000 Da (from product name; overall conjugate MW depends on DSPE and Cy5 adduct; typically polydisperse).

• Structural features (general description; literature)

  • Lipid tail region: two fully saturated stearyl chains (C18:0) esterified to glycerol.
  • Headgroup: phosphoethanolamine linked via amide or stable linker to PEG chain.
  • Spacer: linear PEG with an average degree of polymerization giving Mn ~2000.
  • Fluorophore: Cy5 (indocarbocyanine) containing polymethine chain and indole-like ring systems; highly conjugated, anionic at physiological conditions when sulfonated (substitution pattern may vary by Cy5 variant).

• 2D structure in words

  • A diacylglycerol–phosphate–ethanolamine core anchors into membranes; the ethanolamine nitrogen is derivatized to a PEG chain that terminates in a Cy5 dye. This yields a bottlebrush-like amphiphile: hydrophobic DSPE embeds in bilayers; hydrophilic PEG projects outward, presenting the Cy5 for fluorescence readout.

Synthetic Utility

As a terminally labeled PEG–phospholipid, DSPE-PEG-Cy5 is a destination molecule rather than a versatile intermediate. Nevertheless, understanding its functional groups can inform any downstream derivatization or assembly strategy (literature/general):

• Functional group landscape

  • Two ester bonds linking stearyl chains to glycerol (susceptible to hydrolysis under strong base/acid or lipases).
  • Phosphate diester as part of the phosphatidyl headgroup; typically anionic and stable under neutral conditions.
  • PEG chain (polyether) that is chemically robust to many conditions but can be cleaved by strong acids or oxidants.
  • Cy5 chromophore featuring a polymethine bridge; sensitive to strong nucleophiles, oxidants, and high heat/light.

• Utility in assembly

  • Serves as a modular component for constructing fluorescently traceable bilayers, micelles, and nanoparticles.
  • PEG spacer reduces dye self-quenching and steric hindrance, improving signal quality compared to non-PEGylated lipid dyes.

• If modification is contemplated

  • Protect the dye and maintain mild conditions; avoid reagents that attack esters or the polymethine chain.
  • Solid-phase or solution-phase coupling to additional moieties is generally not advised unless a residual functional handle remains on PEG in the specific variant (not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet).

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is a fluorescent lipid conjugate, not an antibody or affinity reagent. No antigen/epitope specificity, clone, isotype, or species reactivity information applies.

자주 묻는 질문

How should this product be stored?

Store at ?20 °C, protected from light, desiccated. Keep the container tightly closed with desiccant — the material is moisture-sensitive.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships in an insulated container with ice pads. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above.

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is D1440132, and the molecular weight is 2000(Average) g/mol.

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.