10mM in DMSO 최소한의 기준선 간섭이 필요한 민감한 크로마토그래피 및 분석 워크플로우용.
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보관 및 배송
Store at -80°C Dry ice packs + Cold packs 출고. 정확한 사양은 로트별 COA를 확인하세요.
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품질 문서
SDS, COA, 데이터시트, 사양서를 다운로드할 수 있습니다. 로트별 COA는 로트 번호 조회를 통해 확인할 수 있습니다.
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문헌적 근거
크로마토그래피, 유기 합성 및 교차 커플링 반응 분야의 동료 심사 논문 0편에서 인용되었습니다.
개요
Information
E3330 E3330 (APX-3330) is a potent and selective APE1(Ref-1) inhibitor, which suppressed NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity.
Targets
NF-κB ; APE1(Ref-1)
In vitro
E3330 affects hemangioblast development in vitro via inhibition of Ape1 redox activity. E3330 inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC1, XPA1, MIAPACA, BxPC3, and PK9. E3330 also promotes exit of cell cycle in PANC1 cells, inhibits the DNA-Binding activity of HIF-1α and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. In JHH6 cells, E3330 prevents the functional activation of NF-κB via the alteration of APE1 subcellular trafficking and reduces IL-6 and IL-8 expression induced by TNF-α and FAs accumulation through blockage of the redox-mediated activation of NF-κB.
In vivo
In mice with endotoxin-mediated hepatitis, E3330 (300 mg/kg, p.o.) attenuates the elevation of plasma tumor necrosis factor activity and protectes mice from liver injury. In Rat model, E3330 (100 mg/kg, p.o.) also protectes rats from severe liver injury induced with endotoxin plus galactosamine.
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ubiquinones. These are coenzyme Q derivatives containing a 5, 6-dimethoxy-3-methyl(1,4-benzoquinone) moiety to which an isoprenyl group is attached at ring position 2(or 6).
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
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Application Protocols
Tested applications, recommended concentrations/dilutions, and positive controls: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General research practice notes (not product‑validated protocols):
Establish vehicle controls matching final solvent content.
Begin with a concentration range-finding study (e.g., low μM to tens of μM) and include cytotoxicity counterscreens.
Confirm reproducibility across biological replicates and, where relevant, include orthogonal assays to support conclusions.
Biological Roles
Literature context (not item specification):
E3330 (also known as APX‑3330) is frequently reported as a small‑molecule modulator of APE1/Ref‑1 redox function. APE1/Ref‑1 is a bifunctional protein with (i) DNA base excision repair endonuclease activity and (ii) redox regulation of transcription factors via reduction of critical cysteines.
Through modulation of APE1/Ref‑1 redox activity, E3330 has been used to study the redox-dependent regulation of transcription factors such as NF‑κB, HIF‑1, STAT3, and AP‑1 in various cellular models.
Importantly, literature often distinguishes redox modulation from inhibition of APE1 endonuclease activity, allowing selective interrogation of signaling versus DNA-repair roles.
Research implications:
Tool for dissecting redox signaling pathways, oxidative stress responses, and gene expression programs influenced by APE1/Ref‑1.
Employed in studies exploring cellular adaptation to hypoxia, inflammation, and metabolic stress, where thiol redox state affects transcriptional networks.
Titrate concentrations to separate on‑target signaling effects from nonspecific oxidative stress or cytotoxicity; include appropriate vehicle controls and, where possible, genetic controls (siRNA/CRISPR knockdown of APE1/Ref‑1).
No medical or clinical claims are made. Use is for research only.
Buffer Applications
This compound is not a buffering agent and is not typically used to prepare pH buffer systems.
For experimental use, it may be diluted into biological buffers (e.g., PBS, HBSS, culture media) from an organic stock solution. Match vehicle controls to the final solvent concentration to maintain constant buffer composition.
Green Alternatives
As a bioactive tool compound, the concept of a “green alternative” pertains more to formulation and handling than to replacing the active itself.
Prefer water-based systems with minimal DMSO by using co-solubilizers (cyclodextrins), low percentages of biocompatible surfactants, or buffered cosolvent blends.
When organic stock solutions are necessary, minimize solvent volume and select lower-toxicity options (DMSO over DMF; ethanol over chlorinated solvents) consistent with assay requirements.
Process considerations:
Reduce waste by preparing small, single-use aliquots to avoid disposal of degraded material.
Use amber vials and cold-chain logistics to extend solution stability, thereby avoiding repeated synthesis/purchase and reducing environmental footprint.
Comparison of common dissolution vehicles (general):
DMSO: High solvency, low volatility; accepted for bioassays at low v/v but consider aquatic toxicity in waste streams.
Ethanol: Renewable feedstock potential; higher volatility eases removal but may limit achievable concentrations.
PEG‑400 or HP‑β‑cyclodextrin: Enable aqueous delivery; assess biological compatibility and potential assay interference.
Note: No item-specific green certifications or solvent recommendations are provided; consult institutional green-chemistry guidelines.
Pharmaceutical Uses
Item-specific pharmacopeial/excipient status: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Context (general; non-clinical):
In research settings, small-molecule tools like E3330 are formulated for in vitro and in vivo studies using standard vehicles (e.g., DMSO, PEG‑based cosolvents, cyclodextrins) to evaluate pharmacology. This catalog item is designated for research use only.
No therapeutic, diagnostic, or clinical use is claimed or supported by this listing. Any formulation discussion is provided solely to aid laboratory research design.
Physical Properties
Item-specific physicochemical data:
Melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, logP, pKa, refractive index: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Practical handling observations (general for bioactive small molecules; not specifications):
Many hydrophobic tool compounds similar to E3330 are readily dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to prepare concentrated stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM) and then diluted into aqueous media immediately before use.
Aqueous solubility is often limited without co-solvent; gentle warming (room temperature to 37 °C) and vortexing/sonication can assist dissolution. Avoid prolonged heating or high pH unless validated.
Light sensitivity is possible for conjugated systems; protect solutions from light when feasible.
Literature notes (where applicable):
Detailed physical constants for APX‑3330 (E3330) vary by source and form; consult primary literature or the manufacturer CoA for definitive values prior to method development.
Quality and Grades
Item-specific grade/purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Interpreting common grades (general guidance):
Research grade: Suitable for discovery biology and chemical research; purity typically verified by HPLC/LC–MS and/or NMR.
High-purity/assay grade (if provided on CoA): Supports quantitative bioassays where impurities may confound readouts; low residual solvents and defined potency.
Stabilizers/salt form: If the CoA indicates a particular solvate/salt or stabilizer, note the effective molecular weight for molarity calculations and any effects on solubility or assay background.
Identity and purity confirmation (recommended practice):
Verify by independent analytical methods as appropriate for your workflow: HPLC/UPLC purity, HRMS, NMR, and water/volatile content by KF/GC.
For potency-critical work, consider system-suitability tests (e.g., reference control curves in your assay) to detect degradation or adsorption losses.
Documentation: Use the batch-specific CoA for exact assay purity, residual solvent profile, counter-ion/solvate content, and any stabilizers.
Reaction and Applications
This product is primarily used as a bioactive reference compound in research, rather than as a synthetic reagent. Consequently, it is not typically employed to drive organic reactions (e.g., coupling, reductions, etc.).
Research application context (literature, general):
E3330 (APX‑3330) is widely described as a modulator of APE1/Ref‑1 redox signaling. It has been used in biochemical and cell-based studies investigating redox-dependent activation of transcription factors.
Typical use-cases include target engagement studies, pathway validation, and phenotypic assays where redox signaling is implicated.
For synthetic chemists: If you intend to derivatize or use this scaffold for SAR, consult primary structural literature and ensure you have the necessary analytical confirmation; no reaction-specific data are provided for this catalog item.
Reaction Conditions
Not applicable as a synthetic reagent: No item-specific reaction conditions (solvent, temperature, catalysts) are provided for promoting chemical transformations.
Solution preparation for assays (general lab guidance; not specification):
Prepare concentrated anhydrous DMSO stock (e.g., 10–50 mM). Mix thoroughly by vortexing and, if needed, brief sonication at room temperature. Protect from light if the compound is photosensitive (verify on CoA/SDS).
For aqueous dilution, add the organic stock slowly into vigorously stirred buffer/media to minimize precipitation. Maintain final DMSO at ≤0.1–0.5% v/v for delicate cell systems.
For sterile applications, pass through 0.22 μm PTFE/PES filters. Avoid adsorptive plastics when possible; use low‑binding tubes and glass vials.
Stability (general):
Aliquot and store frozen to avoid repeated freeze–thaw. Track solution age; many small‑molecule solutions are best used within days to a few weeks depending on storage conditions. Confirm stability by LC–MS/HPLC as appropriate.
Safety and Handling
GHS and hazard information (item-specific):
Signal Word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
H‑Statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
GHS Classification/Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
General laboratory precautions (good practice; defer to SDS for authority):
Handle in a chemical fume hood and avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin/eye contact. Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and chemically resistant gloves.
Prevent dust or aerosol generation. Use closed containers for weighing and solution prep. Wash hands and decontaminate benches after use.
Avoid incompatible conditions common to organic small molecules: strong oxidizers or reducers, strong acids/bases, and excessive heat or UV exposure unless compatibility is documented.
For bioassay use, prepare solutions fresh or from frozen aliquots using sterile technique if sterility is required for cell culture.
First-aid overview (general):
Skin/eye contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms occur.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Spills/waste: Absorb small spills with inert material, place in chemical waste. Dispose of according to institutional and local regulations.
Always consult the product-specific SDS for authoritative hazard classification and response measures.
Solvent Selection
Item-specific solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General solvent guidance for small-molecule bioactives (literature/practice):
Primary stock solvent: Anhydrous DMSO is commonly used due to high solvating power and compatibility with biological assays at low final percentages (≤0.1–0.5% v/v).
Secondary co-solvents: Ethanol or DMF can be used where DMSO is undesirable, with careful consideration of cell compatibility and final solvent percentage.
Aqueous formulation aids: Surfactants (e.g., 0.01–0.05% Tween‑20), cyclodextrins, or serum/albumin may reduce precipitation upon dilution; validate for your assay to avoid confounding effects.
Practical tips:
Prepare concentrated DMSO stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM) and perform serial dilutions to minimize precipitation. Add stock slowly to vigorously mixed buffer/media.
Filter sterilize through 0.22 μm PTFE/PES if sterility is required and the compound is compatible. Avoid nylon if the compound adsorbs to polyamides.
Minimize freeze–thaw and exposure to moisture; use anhydrous solvent and nitrogen blanket where feasible.
Comparison (general):
DMSO: Highest solubilizing power; widely accepted in cell assays but may affect membrane integrity at >0.5–1%.
Ethanol: Lower solvency; volatile; often limited to ≤0.1–0.5% in sensitive systems.
PEG‑400/propylene glycol: Useful for in vivo formulation research; viscosity and assay interference must be considered.
Storage and Reconstitution
Item-specific conditions (from Product Data):
Storage temperature: Store at −80 °C.
Shipping: Dry ice packs + Cold packs.
Reconstitution (general guidance; verify with CoA):
Allow the container to equilibrate to room temperature in a desiccated environment before opening to avoid moisture condensation.
Prepare a concentrated stock in anhydrous DMSO (e.g., 10–50 mM) or another suitable solvent validated for your assay. Mix thoroughly. If sterility is required, filter through 0.22 μm PTFE/PES.
Aliquot into low‑binding, amber vials to minimize adsorption and light exposure. Flush headspace with inert gas if long-term storage is anticipated.
Storage of solutions (general):
Store aliquots at −80 °C. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles; thaw once, use immediately, and discard leftovers or keep a strict usage log.
Protect from light and moisture. Periodically assess integrity by HPLC/LC‑MS, especially for solutions older than 1–2 weeks at 4 °C or −20 °C.
Stability note: No item-specific shelf-life or stability data are provided; consult the batch CoA and perform in‑house verification for critical applications.
Structure and Identity
Item-specific identifiers (from Product Data):
SKU: E421373
Product Name: E3330
CAS: 136164-66-4
InChIKey: 320 (as provided; appears incomplete — verify against CoA/SDS)
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular Weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Common literature naming/context (for scientific orientation; not item specification):
E3330 is widely referenced in the literature as APX‑3330, a small-molecule modulator of APE1/Ref‑1 redox signaling. Confirm exact structure and identifiers on the CoA before use.
Structural features (literature, general):
Reported as an aromatic-containing small molecule with heteroatoms consistent with redox activity; often discussed in the context of interacting with redox-sensitive cysteines of APE1/Ref‑1. For structural drawings and stereochemistry, consult primary literature and the CoA.
2D structure description (general):
Typically depicted as a rigid, polycyclic/aryl-bearing framework with conjugation and polar functional groups enabling protein interaction; exact ring systems and substituents must be confirmed from the official specification sheet for this catalog item.
Synthetic Utility
This product is supplied as a discrete bioactive small molecule and is not typically employed as a general synthetic reagent or building block.
For medicinal or synthetic chemistry efforts (general guidance):
Researchers may use the reported scaffold of E3330 (APX‑3330, literature) to design analogs for SAR around APE1/Ref‑1 redox modulation. However, this requires independent synthesis and full analytical verification; no derivative chemistry guidance is provided for this catalog item.
If derivatization is attempted, ensure compatibility of any functional groups with standard coupling, protection/deprotection, and oxidation/reduction steps; confirm stability under the planned conditions.
Bottom line: Treat this compound as a reference standard/tool compound rather than a reagent for promoting transformations.
Target Specificity
Item-specific, experimentally verified target information: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and any provided validation data.
Note: While E3330 is discussed in the literature as a modulator of APE1/Ref‑1 redox signaling, no target-binding data or specificity metrics are provided in this product listing. Users should validate target engagement within their own assay systems.
Products are supplied to verified businesses, institutions, and qualified professionals for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.
