Ionizable lipid-2 - ≥99% , CAS No.2763904-72-7

CAS: 2763904-72-7 Cat. No.: I1440370 분자식: C₅₀H₉₉NO₇ 분자량: 826.32

GRADE & PURITY ≥99%

Storage

Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

개요

Ionizable lipid-2 (compound 1) is an ionizable lipid used for nucleic acid delivery and construct lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).

Specifications

사양 및 순도

≥99%

보관 조건

Store at -20°C

배송

Ice chest + Ice pads

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순수함

≥99%

이름과 식별자

분자량

826.32

Application Protocols

• Item-specific, tested application protocols are not provided in the Product Data.
• For general guidance on LNP assembly using ionizable lipids, see the Reaction Conditions section. Always validate and optimize protocols under your lab’s specific equipment and SOPs.
• This product is for research use only.

Biological Roles

• Item-specific biological data are not provided.
• General roles of ionizable lipids in biological research (literature/general)
  • Function as protonatable amphiphiles that condense and complex anionic biomacromolecules through electrostatic interactions when protonated at mildly acidic pH.
  • Facilitate membrane fusion and endosomal destabilization via pH-triggered charge acquisition, aiding cytosolic access in cell-based research systems.
  • The hydrophobic tails and headgroup pKa collectively influence particle stability in serum, uptake pathways, and intracellular trafficking in in vitro studies.
  • Incorporation into LNPs with helper lipids yields nanostructures that can be tuned for size, surface potential (zeta potential), and protein corona characteristics, which in turn influence cellular interactions in laboratory models.
• Important note
  • No clinical or therapeutic claims are made. This product is for research use only and any biological insights must be validated within your specific experimental context.

Buffer Applications

• This compound is not a buffering agent and is not typically used to establish buffer capacity.
• Practical note for related workflows (literature/general)
  • During nanoparticle assembly, ionizable lipids are often mixed with aqueous buffers (commonly citrate or acetate, pH ~3–5) to control headgroup protonation and drive complexation. Final formulations are typically diafiltered into neutral pH buffers (e.g., PBS) for downstream in vitro studies.
• Item-specific buffer recommendations
  • Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and your internal method SOPs.

Green Alternatives

• Considerations (general)
  • Prefer ethanol as the principal organic solvent for dissolving ionizable lipids and conducting nanoparticle assembly, minimizing reliance on halogenated solvents (CHCl3, DCM).
  • Where film methods are needed, cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) may substitute for CHCl3/DCM in some dissolution/evaporation steps, subject to solubility verification.
  • Continuous or microfluidic processing reduces solvent consumption and improves reproducibility versus batch mixing.
• Comparative view (general)
  • Ethanol: renewable feedstocks available; low toxicity; fully miscible with water; excellent for scalable, greener processing.
  • IPA: similar profile to ethanol with higher bp; may ease solvent recovery but can alter particle formation kinetics.
  • CHCl3/DCM: strong dissolving power but halogenated, higher environmental footprint; restrict to analytical or legacy methods when necessary.
• Trade-offs
  • Greener ethers (CPME/2-MeTHF) have lower polarity than CHCl3 and may not dissolve all lipid components equally; conduct small-scale solubility screens.
  • Ethanol systems may require tight control of FRR/TFR and buffer composition to achieve desired particle size.
• Item-specific environmental metrics
  • Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet or request process safety/environmental data if required.

Pharmaceutical Uses

• Item-specific pharmacopeial status or excipient grade is not provided; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Research/formulation context (general; no therapeutic claims)
  • Ionizable lipids serve as functional excipient components in research-stage nanoparticle systems designed to package polyanionic cargoes. Their role includes: pH-responsive complexation, promotion of endosomal escape, and contribution to bilayer packing with helper lipids.
  • Key formulation variables include headgroup pKa, tail architecture (branching/unsaturation), and degradable linkers that influence in vitro potency and tolerability metrics.
  • For any use beyond research, compliance with relevant quality standards (e.g., GMP, residual solvent limits, elemental impurities) would be required; this listing does not assert such compliance.
• Documentation
  • For information on impurity profiles, residual solvents, and potential excipient suitability studies, request the detailed CoA/Spec Sheet for SKU I1440370.

Physical Properties

• Item-specific values
  • Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Melting point (MP): Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Boiling point (BP): Not applicable/rarely defined for high-MW lipids; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Refractive index: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • LogP, pKa: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Typical behavior for ionizable lipids (literature/general)
  • Physical state: frequently waxy solid, semi-solid, or viscous oil at ambient temperature, depending on tail branching/unsaturation.
  • Solubility profile: good solubility in ethanol, isopropanol, chloroform, dichloromethane; limited solubility in water at neutral pH; increased apparent solubility upon protonation in acidic aqueous buffers.
  • pKa (apparent, of headgroup): commonly ~5.5–7.0 for many research-grade ionizable lipids, tuned to enable protonation in mildly acidic environments.
  • Aggregation: amphiphilic; forms micelles/vesicles and participates in LNP assembly in the presence of helper lipids and ethanol/aqueous mixing.
• Notes
  • For exact numerical specifications for this item (e.g., water content, residual solvents, pKa), consult the product’s CoA/Spec Sheet.

Quality and Grades

• Item-specific grade/purity
  • Grade/purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Interpreting grade for ionizable lipids (general guidance)
  • Research grade lipids are typically assessed for identity (1H/13C NMR, MS), purity (HPLC/UPLC), residual solvents, and frequently for water content. For formulation uses, additional tests may include acid value, peroxide value, and in some cases pKa determination by titration or UV-pH methods.
  • Low levels of peroxides and hydrolysis products are important for stability and performance in nanoparticle assembly; stabilizers are usually not required for ionizable lipids, but storage under inert atmosphere can help.
• Documentation and release testing
  • Request the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for batch-specific purity, identification spectra, and key attributes relevant to LNP formulation (e.g., assay purity, residual solvents). If applicable, a Specification Sheet will define acceptance criteria.
• UV/LC considerations (general)
  • Many ionizable lipids lack strong chromophores; ELSD/CAD or MS-coupled methods are commonly used for purity assessment. If UV is used, low-wavelength monitoring may be necessary.
• What is specific to this item
  • Where a specific grade, stabilizer, or analytical threshold is required for your workflow, confirm against the CoA/Spec Sheet for SKU I1440370; unspecified parameters in this listing should not be inferred.

Reaction and Applications

• Item-specific applications beyond general statements are not specified.
• General research applications for ionizable lipids (literature/general)
  • Central component in assembling lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and lipoplexes for research on intracellular delivery of polyanions (e.g., nucleic acids). The ionizable headgroup becomes protonated in mildly acidic environments, promoting endosomal interactions.
  • Employed with helper lipids (cholesterol, DSPC/DOPE, PEG-lipids) at defined molar ratios during ethanol/aqueous mixing to form particles in the 50–150 nm range, depending on conditions.
  • Utilized in formulation optimization studies: pKa tuning, tail branching, and linker degradability to balance potency and tolerability (research context).
• Practical formulation tips (general)
  • Maintain anhydrous, oxygen-limited conditions during stock preparation to minimize hydrolysis/oxidation if ester linkers are present.
  • Filter organic stocks (0.22 µm PTFE) to remove particulates. Use calibrated syringe pumps or microfluidic mixers to control flow rate ratio (FRR) and total flow rate (TFR).
  • After assembly, perform buffer exchange/diafiltration to reach the target pH/ionic strength and reduce residual ethanol.
• Notes
  • This product is for research use only. No clinical/therapeutic use is implied or permitted.

Reaction Conditions

• Item-specific reaction or formulation conditions are not specified in this listing.
• General conditions for LNP assembly using ionizable lipids (literature/general)
  • Organic phase: dissolve ionizable lipid with cholesterol, helper phospholipid (e.g., DSPC/DOPE), and PEG-lipid in ethanol; typical total lipid concentration 5–20 mg/mL depending on mixer and target size.
  • Aqueous phase: acidic buffer (e.g., 10–50 mM citrate or acetate, pH ~3–5) containing the polyanionic cargo for complexation.
  • Mixing: microfluidic or in-line mixers at defined flow rate ratio (FRR, commonly 1:1–5:1 aqueous:ethanol) and controlled total flow rate (TFR) to target particle sizes ~50–150 nm.
  • Post-processing: dilute with buffer to quench assembly, then diafilter to remove ethanol and exchange into storage/assay buffer (e.g., PBS, pH ~7.2–7.4). Sterile filtration through 0.22 µm recommended where compatible.
  • Temperature: ambient for most steps; avoid elevated temperatures that may accelerate ester hydrolysis or oxidation.
• Analytical checks (general)
  • Measure particle size/PDI (DLS), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and residual solvent content to qualify preparations for research use.
• Always adapt conditions to your specific mixer, payload, and helper lipid ratios.

Safety and Handling

• Item-specific hazard information
  • Signal word, H-statements, GHS classification, pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
• General safety considerations for ionizable lipids (literature/general)
  • Many ionizable lipids contain amine functionalities that may be irritants; avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin/eye contact.
  • Handle in a chemical fume hood. Use appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses or goggles, and nitrile gloves. For large-scale solvent handling, consider splash protection.
  • Incompatibilities: strong oxidizers; strong acids/bases may degrade ester-containing linkers; moisture may affect long-term quality if the compound is hygroscopic.
  • Fire safety: typically combustible organic materials; keep away from ignition sources when using flammable solvents (ethanol, chloroform, DCM, IPA).
• First-aid overview (general guidance; defer to SDS)
  • Skin/eye contact: rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Inhalation: move to fresh air; support breathing; seek medical attention if symptoms develop.
  • Ingestion: rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel; seek medical attention.
• Waste disposal
  • Collect organics in appropriate halogenated/non-halogenated solvent waste streams per institutional and local regulations.
• Always consult the SDS for authoritative safety information for this specific item.

Solvent Selection

• Item-specific solubility is not provided; consult CoA/Spec Sheet.
• General solvent behavior for ionizable lipids (literature/general)
  • Good solvents: ethanol (EtOH), isopropanol (IPA), tert-butanol (t-BuOH), chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromethane (DCM), dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
  • Poor solvents: water at neutral pH; solubility can increase in acidic buffers where the headgroup is protonated.
  • Miscibility strategy for LNP assembly: dissolve lipid components in ethanol; mix with an aqueous buffer (often citrate or acetate, pH ~3–5) via controlled or microfluidic mixing to drive self-assembly.
• Selection tips
  • Choose ethanol for workflows prioritizing greener solvent systems and direct transition to aqueous buffers; keep final EtOH below acceptable process thresholds by post-dilution/diafiltration.
  • Use CHCl3/DCM for analytical/lipid film methods, thin-film hydration, or when co-dissolving with very hydrophobic helpers (e.g., cholesterol) prior to solvent exchange.
  • For stock solutions, DMSO can be used at small volumes, but evaluate compatibility with downstream processes and analytical assays.
• Small comparison (general)
  • Ethanol: miscible with water, flammable, greener profile, ideal for microfluidics.
  • Chloroform: excellent solubility for lipids, immiscible with water, halogenated waste.
  • IPA: alternative to ethanol with higher boiling point and slower evaporation.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Item-specific storage
  • Storage conditions: Store at -20°C (per Product Data).
  • Shipping: Shipped in an ice chest with ice pads (per Product Data). Inspect upon receipt; keep cold.
• General handling
  • Protect from moisture and air; if possible, store under inert gas in tightly sealed, chemically compatible containers. Allow to warm to room temperature in a desiccated environment before opening to avoid condensation.
• Reconstitution/stock preparation
  • Item-specific solvent and concentration limits: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • General guidance (literature): prepare concentrated stocks in anhydrous ethanol or isopropanol for formulation workflows; alternatives include chloroform or DMSO for analytical or film methods. Filter stocks (0.22 µm PTFE) if appropriate.
  • If preparing aqueous dispersions, acidify the buffer to enhance protonation and apparent solubility; subsequently perform buffer exchange to the desired final buffer.
• Stability
  • Avoid repeated freeze–thaw of stock solutions; aliquot as needed. Monitor for signs of degradation (odor/color change, new peaks in LC/MS). Ester-containing lipids are sensitive to hydrolysis—minimize exposure to strong acid/base and elevated temperatures.
• Research use note
  • For research use only.

Structure and Identity

• Item-specific identifiers
  • Product name: Ionizable lipid-2 (SKU: I1440370)
  • CAS: 2763904-72-7
  • Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Structural class and features (general for ionizable lipids; literature)
  • Typically comprises a weakly basic headgroup (often tertiary/secondary amine) with pKa in the physiological-to-acidic range, connected via linker(s) (e.g., ester, amide, carbamate) to one or more hydrophobic alkyl or lipid tails.
  • Often asymmetric tails (branched or unsaturated) are used to modulate membrane fusion and packing. Linkers may be biodegradable (ester) to enhance clearance.
  • In 2D, the scaffold can be described as: polar, protonatable headgroup — linker — hydrophobic tails, giving an amphiphile capable of self-assembly in aqueous media when mixed with helper lipids.
• Stereochemistry (general; literature)
  • Many modern ionizable lipids incorporate chiral centers in the headgroup or at branching points; specific configuration for this item is not specified.
• Synonymy/context (general)
  • Falls under “ionizable cationic lipids” used in LNP and lipoplex formation for research delivery systems. Exact synonym(s) for this CAS are not provided here.

Synthetic Utility

• Item-specific synthetic derivatization data are not provided.
• General chemical reactivity/utility of ionizable lipids (literature/general)
  • Headgroup chemistry: tertiary/secondary amines can be quaternized to form salts for analytical purposes or to modulate solubility during purification; reversible protonation enables ion-exchange manipulations.
  • Linker modifications: ester or carbamate linkers are susceptible to hydrolysis or transesterification under basic or acidic conditions, enabling analog synthesis or degradation studies.
  • Tail chemistry: unsaturated tails allow selective hydrogenation or epoxidation for structure–activity relationship (SAR) exploration; alcohol/acid handles (if present) permit further coupling.
  • Conjugation: some workflows attach reporter tags or affinity handles via amide/urethane formation to enable tracking in model systems; ensure that modifications do not alter critical pKa/assembly behavior beyond intended scope.
• Purification/analysis tips
  • Normal-phase silica can be used cautiously; amine-containing mobile phases (e.g., with Et3N) often reduce tailing. Reverse-phase and HILIC with ELSD/CAD or MS detection are common for analytical purity assessment.

Target Specificity

• Not applicable. This product is a small-molecule ionizable lipid, not a biological targeting reagent or antibody.
• No antigen/epitope, species reactivity, clone, or isotype information applies.

자주 묻는 질문

What is the purity of this product?

This product is supplied at ≥99% purity (chemical assay). Lot-specific values are stated on the Certificate of Analysis.

How should this product be stored?

Store at ?20 °C. Freezer storage is required to maintain the specified shelf life.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships in an insulated container with ice pads. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above.

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is 2763904-72-7, the molecular formula is C50H99NO7, and the molecular weight is 826.32 g/mol.

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.