Liproxstatin-1 - 10mM in DMSO , CAS No.950455-15-9

CAS: 950455-15-9 Cat. No.: L407981 Formule: C₁₉H₂₁ClN₄ Poids moléculaire: 340.85

GRADE & PURITY 10mM in DMSO

Synonyms

N-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-spiro[piperidine-4,2'(1'H)-quinoxalin]-3'-amine

Storage

Store at -80°C

Shipped In

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

Vue d’ensemble

Information

Liproxstatin-1 Liproxstatin-1 is a potent ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 of 22 nM.
In vitro

Liproxstatin-1 is able to inhibit ferroptosis in the low nanomolar range and inhibit the growth of Gpx4^−/−cells with IC50 of 22 nM. Liproxstatin-1 (50 nM) completely prevents lipid peroxidation in Gpx4^−/−cells. Liproxstatin-1 (200 nM) protects against FINs, such as BSO (10 µM), erastin (1 µM) and RSL3 (0.5 µM), in a dose dependent manner, whereas it fails to rescue cell death induced by staurosporine (0.2 µM) and H₂O₂ (200 µM).

In vivo

Liproxstatin-1 remarkably extends survival compared with the vehicle-treated group, delays ferroptosis in tubular cells, and mitigates tissue injury in ischaemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury.
Cell Data

cell lines：Dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4+ T cells

Concentrations：~200 nM

Incubation Time：~72 h

Powder Purity:≥97%

Specifications

Synonymes

N-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-spiro[piperidine-4,2'(1'H)-quinoxalin]-3'-amine

Spécifications et pureté

10mM in DMSO

Mécanismes biochimiques et physiologiques

Liproxstatin-1 is a potent ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 of 22 nM.

Conditions de stockage de stockage

Store at -80°C

Expédié en

Dry ice packs + Cold packs

Ce produit nécessite l'expédition en chaîne froide. Les services terrestres et autres services économiques ne sont pas disponibles.

Propriétés du produit

ALogP

2.598

hba_count

1

Nombre de HBD

3

Liaison rotative

3

Noms et identifiants

Isomères SMILES

C1CNCCC12C(=NCC3=CC(=CC=C3)Cl)NC4=CC=CC=C4N2

Poids moléculaire

340.85

Reaxy-Rn

34084241

Reaxys-RN_link_address

https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=34084241&ln=

Propriétés chimiques et physiques

• DMSO (mg/mL) Solubilité maximale: 68
• DMSO (mM) Solubilité maximale: 199.5012469
• Eau (mg/mL) Solubilité maximale: ＜1

Application Protocols

Tested applications, recommended dilutions, and positive controls are not specified for this item; refer to the product datasheet/CoA.

General note: For protocol development in cell culture, consider establishing a titration series (e.g., 10 nM to 5 µM) with matched DMSO controls, and validate inhibition of ferroptosis using orthogonal readouts (lipid ROS, cell viability) and benchmark inhibitors. These are literature-based suggestions and not item-specific validated protocols.

Biological Roles

Note: Biological information below reflects literature/general knowledge for research context only and is not item-specific.

• Functional class: Potent, cell-permeable inhibitor of ferroptosis, characterized as a radical-trapping antioxidant (RTA) that halts iron-dependent lipid peroxidation chain reactions.
• Mechanism (literature):
  • Intercepts lipid peroxyl radicals (LOO•) within phospholipid bilayers, preventing propagation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation.
  • Operates downstream or independently of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4); provides protection in models where GPX4 is inactivated or glutathione is depleted. Does not require metal chelation to confer protection (distinct from iron chelators).
• Pathways and markers impacted:
  • Decreases accumulation of lipid ROS; reduces oxidation of fluorescent lipid probes (e.g., C11-BODIPY 581/591) and formation of lipid aldehyde adducts (MDA, 4-HNE).
  • Modulates cell death outcomes in response to inducers such as erastin (system xCT inhibitor) or RSL3 (GPX4 covalent inhibitor), serving as a diagnostic tool for ferroptotic versus non-ferroptotic phenotypes.
• Experimental systems (reported broadly):
  • Mammalian cell lines, primary cells, and organoid cultures exposed to ferroptosis inducers.
  • Biochemical membrane models assessing chain-breaking antioxidant capacity.
• Selectivity considerations:
  • Protection is strongest where lipid peroxidation is the primary death driver; limited effect on apoptosis or necroptosis pathways, enabling mechanistic dissection when used alongside pathway-specific controls.

Use strictly for research. No clinical or therapeutic claims are made or implied.

Buffer Applications

This compound is not a buffering agent and is not used to set or maintain pH.

• Practical handling in buffered systems (literature/general):
  • Prepare concentrated DMSO stocks and dilute into pre-equilibrated buffers or complete culture media immediately before dosing; maintain final DMSO at minimal levels (commonly ≤0.1–0.2% v/v in cell culture).
  • Typical compatible buffers include PBS, HBSS, and cell culture media (e.g., DMEM, RPMI) supplemented with serum; confirm absence of precipitation visually.
  • For in vitro biochemical assays, inclusion of non-ionic detergents (e.g., 0.01–0.05% Tween-20) may reduce nonspecific adsorption; verify that surfactants do not alter readouts.

For pH control, select an appropriate biological buffer (HEPES, MOPS, Tris) independently of this compound’s presence.

Green Alternatives

This product is a specialized bioactive small molecule used as a research probe rather than as a process solvent or bulk reagent. “Greener alternatives” in the sense of solvent replacement or process mass intensity are generally not applicable.

• Context (general): Sustainability comparisons are most meaningful for high-volume commodities (e.g., solvents). For low-mass probe use (nanomoles to micromoles per experiment), environmental impact is dominated by solvent choice and lab practices rather than the probe itself.
• Practical sustainability tips (general):
  • Prefer low-toxicity, low-VOC solvents for cleaning and sample prep when possible; minimize DMSO/DMF waste by preparing only the volumes required.
  • Use amber, reusable glass vials to reduce plastic waste; consolidate shipments to lower cold-chain footprint.
  • Plan experiments to avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles, reducing material loss.

No direct, functionally equivalent “green substitute” is established for Liproxstatin-1; its selection is driven by biological mechanism (ferroptosis inhibition) rather than environmental criteria.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No pharmacopeial or excipient status is provided for this item.

• Formulation/CMC context: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Research-only note: This product is supplied strictly for research use only, as stated in the listing. It is commonly employed as a tool compound in preclinical research to probe ferroptosis mechanisms. It is not approved as a drug substance, drug product, or excipient.
• Development considerations (general): If used in preclinical studies, document purity, polymorph/solvate state (if relevant), and solution stability in chosen vehicles. Carrier selection (e.g., DMSO, PEG400, cyclodextrins) should be justified for the specific model; conduct compatibility and stability testing.

No clinical, therapeutic, or diagnostic claims are made or implied for this material.

Physical Properties

Item-specific specifications are not provided in this listing. Where useful, general/literature information is noted but should not be construed as product specifications.

• Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Molecular formula / MW: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Melting point, boiling point, density, refractive index: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Solubility (literature/general):
  • Highly soluble in polar aprotic organic solvents such as DMSO and DMF; typically prepared as concentrated DMSO stocks for cell biology assays.
  • Very low aqueous solubility expected; aqueous working solutions are commonly prepared by diluting DMSO stocks into buffered media immediately before use to limit precipitation.
• LogP/lipophilicity (literature/general): Reported as a lipophilic RTA designed to partition into membranes where lipid peroxidation occurs; exact values vary by source.
• pKa (literature): Not widely reported; functional behavior dominated by neutral/lipophilic character under physiological conditions.
• Stability (general handling): Sensitive to prolonged exposure to light, heat, and oxygen; keep solutions protected from light and minimize freeze–thaw.

Always verify any required physico-chemical property against the item’s CoA or authoritative references before method development or regulatory documentation.

Quality and Grades

• Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet for assay, related substances, and residual solvent data if required.
• What to expect in CoA (typical for small-molecule research probes, general guidance):
  • Identity by NMR/HRMS and/or HPLC-UV/ELSD purity assay.
  • Water content (Karl Fischer) and residual solvents (GC) may be reported depending on manufacturing controls.
  • Appearance and storage conditions matching this listing.
• Implications for research use:
  • For mechanistic biology or chemical biology studies (e.g., ferroptosis assays), high chromatographic purity and defined identity are critical to avoid confounding antioxidant or redox-active impurities.
  • If performing quantitative work (IC50/EC50 determinations), document exact purity, counterion/form (if any), and assay conditions.
• Stabilizers: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. If no stabilizer is present, protect from light and air during handling to limit oxidative degradation.

Contact Aladdin Scientific for lot-specific documentation (CoA, method of analysis, chromatograms) to support your QA/QC and data reproducibility requirements.

Reaction and Applications

This product is a bioactive small-molecule probe rather than a synthetic reagent. Accordingly, “applications” focus on its use in chemical biology and cell-based assays rather than as a functional reagent in organic synthesis.

• Mechanistic role (literature/general): Liproxstatin-1 is a potent, cell-permeable ferroptosis inhibitor functioning as a radical-trapping antioxidant (RTA) that intercepts lipid peroxyl radicals in membranes, thereby blocking the propagation phase of lipid peroxidation.
• Experimental applications (literature/general):
  • Rescue assays in ferroptosis models triggered by GPX4 inhibition (e.g., RSL3) or cystine deprivation/erastin-mediated system xCT blockade.
  • Differentiating ferroptotic from apoptotic/necrotic death by selective protection profiles in combination treatments.
  • Lipid peroxidation readouts (C11-BODIPY 581/591 oxidation, malondialdehyde/4-HNE adducts) with or without Liproxstatin-1 pretreatment.
  • In vitro biochemical assays assessing chain-breaking antioxidant activity in liposomes or lipid micelles.
• Practical tips (general):
  • Prepare fresh working solutions; prolonged incubation in aqueous media may lead to adsorption or precipitation.
  • Protect from light and air; incorporate antioxidants-free plasticware where adsorption is minimal.
  • Include DMSO-only controls and, where appropriate, orthogonal ferroptosis inhibitors (e.g., Ferrostatin-1) for pathway validation.

If you require this compound as a building block or for derivatization, note that no synthetic-grade specifications are provided in this listing; consult the CoA or contact us for custom needs.

Reaction Conditions

As a bioactive probe rather than a synthetic reagent, “reaction conditions” here refer to biological assay conditions. Values below are literature/general guidance; optimize for your system. These are not item-specific specifications.

• Stock preparation: Dissolve in anhydrous DMSO to 10–50 mM. Store aliquots at ≤−20°C to −80°C, protected from light; avoid repeated freeze–thaw.
• Working concentrations (literature/general): Nanomolar to low micromolar in cell culture, commonly 10–500 nM for potent protection with some systems requiring up to a few µM depending on inducer strength, cell type, and serum content.
• Dosing paradigms:
  • Pretreatment 0.5–2 h before ferroptosis induction can enhance protection; co-treatment at time of induction is also widely used.
  • Maintain constant carrier percentage across control and treated groups (DMSO matched).
• Readouts and timelines:
  • Lipid ROS (e.g., C11-BODIPY) monitored 2–8 h post induction.
  • Cell viability (e.g., CellTiter-Glo, resazurin) at 12–48 h depending on model.
• Compatibility controls:
  • Include Ferrostatin-1 or other ferroptosis inhibitors as positive controls and apoptosis inhibitors (e.g., Z-VAD-fmk) as selectivity comparators.
• Stability considerations:
  • Protect plates from light; minimize prolonged incubations in media at 37°C before dosing to reduce adsorption/oxidation.

Validate concentration ranges and exposure times empirically for each cell line or assay format.

Safety and Handling

• GHS classification, signal word, hazard statements, and pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to the product SDS for authoritative safety data.
• General laboratory precautions (good practice):
  • Use in a chemical fume hood; avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin/eye contact.
  • Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and impermeable gloves (e.g., nitrile). Consider double-gloving when handling concentrated DMSO solutions due to skin permeation.
  • Avoid contact with strong oxidizers and sources of ignition. Prevent aerosol generation.
• First-aid overview (consult SDS for details):
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical advice if symptoms persist.
  • Skin contact: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing.
  • Eye contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention.
• Handling notes (general for lipophilic bioactives):
  • Prepare and store concentrated stocks in amber vials to protect from light.
  • Minimize time at ambient temperature; keep on ice during manipulations when feasible.
  • Filter sterile stock solutions if intended for cell culture.
• Waste disposal: Collect organic solutions and contaminated materials in properly labeled hazardous waste containers. Dispose according to institutional and local regulations.

Always defer to the item-specific SDS for definitive hazard classification and response guidance.

Solvent Selection

Liproxstatin-1 is a lipophilic small-molecule probe typically handled as concentrated DMSO solutions for biological experiments.

• Primary stock solvent (literature/general):
  • DMSO: Preferred for high-concentration stocks (e.g., 10–50 mM). Excellent solvating power for lipophilic RTAs; miscible with aqueous media for final dosing. Use anhydrous, cell-culture–tested grades to minimize toxicity from impurities.
  • Alternatives: DMF or ethanol can dissolve the compound but may be less desirable for cell work due to cytotoxicity at comparable carrier percentages.
• Aqueous compatibility (general):
  • Prepare working solutions by diluting DMSO stocks into pre-warmed culture medium or buffer with vigorous mixing; keep final DMSO ≤0.1–0.2% v/v where possible to limit solvent effects.
  • Surfactant-containing media or serum can aid solubilization; confirm absence of precipitation by visual inspection or light scattering.
• Light/oxygen sensitivity:
  • Use amber vials and degassed solvents when feasible; nitrogen or argon headspace can prolong solution stability.
• Quick comparison (general guidance):
  • DMSO: Highest solvency; best for cell assays at low carrier percentages.
  • DMF: Good solvency; higher cytotoxicity risk; hygroscopic.
  • Ethanol: Moderate solvency; volatility can cause dosing variability; miscibility is excellent but precipitation may occur on dilution.

For analytical work (HPLC/LC–MS), typical mobile phases include acetonitrile/water with 0.1% formic acid; confirm UV response and ionization efficiency in your system.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Storage conditions (item-specific): Store at −80°C.
• Shipping (item-specific): Shipped on dry ice packs + cold packs to maintain low temperature during transit.
• Reconstitution: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

General guidance (literature/common practice; not item-specific specifications):

• Reconstitution solvent: Anhydrous DMSO is commonly used to prepare concentrated stock solutions (e.g., 10–50 mM). Mix thoroughly to ensure complete dissolution.
• Aliquoting: Dispense into small, single-use amber vials or tubes under inert gas when possible to minimize oxidation and freeze–thaw.
• In-use stability: Keep thawed aliquots on ice and protected from light; discard if precipitation or discoloration is observed.
• Aqueous dilution: Add the DMSO stock to pre-warmed media or buffer with rapid mixing; maintain consistent final DMSO content across all experimental conditions.

Always consult the lot-specific CoA and SDS for definitive storage limits, allowable temperature excursions, and any stabilizer/excipient information.

Structure and Identity

• Product: Liproxstatin-1 (SKU: L407981)
• CAS: 950455-15-9; PubChem CID: 135735917
• Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet. (see also literature/PubChem for reference)
• Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
• Structural features (general, literature): Liproxstatin-1 is a small-molecule ferroptosis inhibitor described as a radical-trapping antioxidant (RTA) that suppresses iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It is a polyfunctional, heteroatom-containing organic compound with multiple aromatic rings and hydrogen-bond acceptor/donor sites, enabling membrane partitioning and interception of lipid peroxyl radicals.
• 2D structure (described verbally, literature): Consists of fused or linked aromatic systems bearing heteroatom-rich substituents (e.g., amide/heteroaryl motifs) consistent with potent reactivity toward peroxyl radicals in lipid bilayers. For exact atom connectivity, consult primary literature or PubChem CID 135735917.
• Stereochemistry: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Notes:

• Identity parameters not listed in this catalog entry should be confirmed against the lot-specific Certificate of Analysis (CoA) or an authoritative database prior to critical experiments.

Synthetic Utility

Liproxstatin-1 is not typically used as a building block or reagent in synthetic chemistry. It is a finished small-molecule probe employed for mechanistic biology.

• Building-block reactivity: Not applicable; no functional-group utilization is intended under routine research use.
• Derivatization (general): While analog development is reported in medicinal chemistry literature to modulate potency and stability, such transformations are beyond the scope of this catalog item and are not supported by item-specific specifications.
• Recommendation: For users seeking synthetic derivatives or custom analogs, please contact Aladdin Scientific about custom synthesis services. Provide the desired target structure and specification profile to ensure feasibility and compliance.

For routine laboratory needs, focus on the Biological Roles and Reaction Conditions sections for guidance on using this compound as a probe.

Target Specificity

• Specific molecular target, binding site, epitope, clone, or species reactivity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet or primary literature.

General literature note: Liproxstatin-1 is functionally selective for ferroptotic processes by acting as a radical-trapping antioxidant within lipid membranes rather than through a single protein target. It does not act via caspase inhibition and typically shows minimal protection in non-ferroptotic death pathways, serving as a mechanistic probe for lipid peroxidation–driven cell death.