Testosterone propionate - ≥98% , CAS No.57-85-2

CAS: 57-85-2 Cat. No.: T101368 Summenformel: C₂₂H₃₂O₃ Molekulargewicht: 344.49 Beilstein Registry Number: 3221760 EG-Nummer: 200-351-1 PubChem CID: 5995

QUALITÄT & REINHEIT ≥98%

Synonyms

testosterone propionate|57-85-2|Agovirin|Androlon|Androteston|Aquaviron|Hormoteston|Enarmon|Bio-testiculina|Androtest P|Androsteston|Masenate|Orchistin|Pantestin|Propiokan|Solvotest|Sterandryl|Synandrol|Synerone|Testaform|Testodet|Testodrin|Testogen|Testo

Storage

Protected from light,Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Übersicht

description：

Testosterone propionate is a slower releasing anabolic steroid used mainly in the treatment of low testosterone levels in men.

Spezifikationen

Synonyme

testosterone propionate | 57-85-2 | Agovirin | Androlon | Androteston | Aquaviron | Hormoteston | Enarmon | Bio-testiculina | Androtest P | Androsteston | Masenate | Orchistin | Pantestin | Propiokan | Solvotest | Sterandryl | Synandrol | Synerone | Testaform | Testodet | Testodrin | Testogen | Testo

Spezifikationen & Reinheit

≥98%

Storage

Protected from light,Store at -20°C

Verschickt in

Ice chest + Ice pads

Dieses Produkt erfordert Kühlkettenversand. Grundversand und andere Economy-Optionen sind nicht verfügbar.

Reinheit

≥98%

Produkteigenschaften

ALogP

4.4

Namen und Kennungen

Pubchem Sid

504750981

Pubchem Sid Url

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/504750981

Kanonisches Lächeln

CCC(=O)O[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]34C)C

IUPAC Name

[(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-10,13-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] propanoate

InChIKey

PDMMFKSKQVNJMI-BLQWBTBKSA-N

INCHI

1S/C22H32O3/c1-4-20(24)25-19-8-7-17-16-6-5-14-13-15(23)9-11-21(14,2)18(16)10-12-22(17,19)3/h13,16-19H,4-12H2,1-3H3/t16-,17-,18-,19-,21-,22-/m0/s1

Isomere SMILES

CCC(=O)O[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]34C)C

WGK Deutschland

3

RTECS

XA3115000

PubChem CID

5995

Molekulargewicht

344.49

Beilstein

3221760

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomy Tree

• Kingdom Organic compounds
  • Superclass Lipids and lipid-like molecules
    • Klasse Steroids and steroid derivatives
      • Subclass Steroid esters

• Kingdom: Organic compounds
• Superclass: Lipids and lipid-like molecules
• Klasse: Steroids and steroid derivatives
• Subclass: Steroid esters
• Intermediate Tree Nodes: Not available
• Direct Parent: Steroid esters
• Alternative Parents: Androgens and derivatives 3-oxo delta-4-steroids Delta-4-steroids Cyclohexenones Carboxylic acid esters Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives
• Molecular Framework: Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
• Substituents: Steroid ester - Androgen-skeleton - Androstane-skeleton - 3-oxosteroid - 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid - Oxosteroid - Delta-4-steroid - Cyclohexenone - Ketone - Carboxylic acid ester - Cyclic ketone - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Carboxylic acid derivative - Organooxygen compound - Carbonyl group - Organic oxide - Organic oxygen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
• Beschreibung: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steroid esters. These are compounds containing a steroid moiety which bears a carboxylic acid ester group.
• External Descriptors: C19 steroids (androgens) and derivatives

Data sources

1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.

DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y

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CYP17A1 Tclin Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (1 Activities)

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Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

AR Tclin Androgen receptor (2 Activities)

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ESR1 Tclin Estrogen receptor alpha (17718 Activities)

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NR3C1 Tclin Glucocorticoid receptor (14987 Activities)

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PGR Tclin Progesterone receptor (8562 Activities)

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ADRB2 Tclin Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (11824 Activities)

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CHRM2 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (10671 Activities)

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ADRB1 Tclin Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (6630 Activities)

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HTR1A Tclin Serotonin 1a (5-HT1a) receptor (14969 Activities)

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ADRA2A Tclin Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor (9450 Activities)

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AR Tclin Androgen Receptor (11781 Activities)

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CHRM1 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (12690 Activities)

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VDR Tclin Vitamin D receptor (26531 Activities)

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DRD2 Tclin Dopamine D2 receptor (23596 Activities)

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GABRA1 Tclin GABA receptor alpha-1 subunit (399 Activities)

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TSHR Tclin Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (29986 Activities)

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MAOA Tclin Monoamine oxidase A (11911 Activities)

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CNR1 Tclin Cannabinoid CB1 receptor (20913 Activities)

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DRD1 Tclin Dopamine D1 receptor (9720 Activities)

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PTGS1 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-1 (9233 Activities)

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SLC6A2 Tclin Norepinephrine transporter (10102 Activities)

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HRH2 Tclin Histamine H2 receptor (5428 Activities)

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HTR2A Tclin Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor (14758 Activities)

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HTR2C Tclin Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor (11471 Activities)

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AVPR2 Tclin Vasopressin V2 receptor (2912 Activities)

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ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine A1 receptor (17603 Activities)

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AGTR1 Tclin Type-1 angiotensin II receptor (5176 Activities)

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SLC6A4 Tclin Serotonin transporter (12625 Activities)

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ADRA1A Tclin Alpha-1a adrenergic receptor (8359 Activities)

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PTGS2 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-2 (13999 Activities)

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HRH1 Tclin Histamine H1 receptor (7573 Activities)

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OPRM1 Tclin Mu opioid receptor (19785 Activities)

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DRD3 Tclin Dopamine D3 receptor (14368 Activities)

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PPARG Tclin Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (15191 Activities)

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AVPR1A Tclin Vasopressin V1a receptor (5412 Activities)

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OPRD1 Tclin Delta opioid receptor (15096 Activities)

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OPRK1 Tclin Kappa opioid receptor (16155 Activities)

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HTR3A Tclin Serotonin 3a (5-HT3a) receptor (3366 Activities)

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SLC6A3 Tclin Dopamine transporter (10535 Activities)

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PTH1R Tclin Parathyroid hormone receptor (47172 Activities)

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GRIN1 Tclin Glutamate (NMDA) receptor subunit zeta 1 (122 Activities)

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KCNH2 Tclin HERG (29587 Activities)

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CACNA1C Tclin Voltage-gated L-type calcium channel alpha-1C subunit (766 Activities)

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PDE3A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 3A (3309 Activities)

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ESR2 Tclin Estrogen receptor beta (9272 Activities)

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SLC29A1 Tclin Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (1711 Activities)

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ADRA2B Tclin Alpha-2b adrenergic receptor (4412 Activities)

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ADRA2C Tclin Alpha-2c adrenergic receptor (4876 Activities)

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CHRM3 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (7750 Activities)

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HTR2B Tclin Serotonin 2b (5-HT2b) receptor (10323 Activities)

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TBXA2R Tclin Thromboxane A2 receptor (5717 Activities)

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ADORA2A Tclin Adenosine A2a receptor (16305 Activities)

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Mc4r Melanocortin receptor 4 (1205 Activities)

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Npy1r Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (8 Activities)

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Cckar Cholecystokinin A receptor (90 Activities)

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Pde4d Phosphodiesterase 4D (4 Activities)

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Rattus norvegicus (775804 Activities)

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Cricetinae gen. sp. (3197 Activities)

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ffp 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase ffp (24982 Activities)

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Nr1i2 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (14 Activities)

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Wirkungsmechanismen

Chemische und physikalische Eigenschaften

• Löslichkeit: This product is soluble in chloroform (50 mg/ml).
• Empfindlichkeit: Photosensitive solid
• Spezifische Drehung [α]: 86.5 ° (C=1, Dioxane)
• Schmelzpunkt (°C): 118-122°C
• Molekulargewicht: 344.500 g/mol
• XLogP3: 4.400
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
• Rotatable Bond Count: 3
• Exact Mass: 344.235 Da
• Monoisotopic Mass: 344.235 Da
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 43.400 Ų
• Heavy Atom Count: 25
• Formal Charge: 0
• Complexity: 621.000
• Isotope Atom Count: 0
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 6
• Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• The total count of all stereochemical bonds: 0
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Application Protocols

No vendor-validated application protocols are specified for this item.

• Item-specific protocols: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet or develop in-house.

• General research practices (literature-based guidance)

  • Stock solutions: prepare at 10–50 mg/mL in DMSO or ethanol. Filter (0.22 µm PTFE) if particulate is present. Store aliquots at −20 °C, protected from light.
  • Cell-based assays: dilute stocks into culture medium to desired concentrations, keeping final DMSO/EtOH ≤0.1–0.5% v/v. Pre-warm medium and add slowly with vigorous mixing to avoid precipitation. Consider carrier proteins (e.g., BSA) or nonionic surfactants to aid solubilization.
  • Analytical standards: dry at rt under vacuum to constant weight (if appropriate), then prepare gravimetrically in ACN or MeOH for LC–MS. Use amber vials; confirm concentration by UV or quantitative NMR where appropriate.
  • Hydrolysis/transesterification studies: follow the reaction conditions tab; run controls to account for background hydrolysis in vehicle-only conditions.

These suggestions are for method development only; validate for your specific system.

Biological Roles

• General biochemical context (literature; not item-specific and not a medical claim)
  • Testosterone propionate is an esterified form of the endogenous androgen testosterone. The propionate ester masks the 17β-hydroxyl group, increasing lipophilicity and altering physicochemical properties such as membrane permeability and hydrolytic stability. In biological systems, esterases can hydrolyze 17β-esterified steroids to release the parent alcohol, thereby modulating availability.
  • Testosterone itself is a ligand of the androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear hormone receptor that regulates gene expression in responsive tissues. Ligand binding leads to receptor dimerization, DNA binding to androgen response elements, and transcriptional modulation of target genes.
  • Metabolic considerations: steroid esters can undergo enzymatic hydrolysis (carboxylesterases), followed by phase I metabolism (oxidation/reduction at A- and D-ring positions) and phase II conjugation (glucuronidation/sulfation) primarily in liver and extrahepatic tissues. The conjugated enone and defined stereochemistry influence receptor affinity and metabolic pathways.
  • In vitro research utility: because of its hydrophobicity and ester functionality, testosterone propionate is commonly used in cell-free or cell-based assays investigating steroid metabolism (e.g., esterase activity), receptor binding, and analytical method development for steroid panels. Appropriate solvent vehicles and carrier proteins/surfactants are required to deliver controlled concentrations.

Note: This product is for research use only; no clinical or diagnostic use is intended or implied.

Buffer Applications

This compound is a neutral, highly hydrophobic steroidal ester and does not function as a buffering agent.

• Practical guidance
  • Not typically used to prepare buffer systems or to control pH.
  • For aqueous assay systems, prepare concentrated stocks in DMSO or ethanol and dilute into pre-made biological buffers (e.g., PBS, HEPES) while keeping final cosolvent content low (commonly ≤0.1–1% v/v). Use solubilizers such as cyclodextrins or nonionic surfactants when necessary.

For information on appropriate buffers for your bioassay, refer to standard buffer tables (e.g., phosphate, Tris, HEPES), independent of this compound.

Green Alternatives

While the compound itself is a hydrophobic steroidal ester (no greener “replacement” for the molecule), greener choices can be made in solvent and reagent selection for handling and transformations.

• Preferable solvent choices (general guidance)

  • Replace chlorinated solvents (DCM/CHCl3) with ethyl acetate, 2-MeTHF, or cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) where feasible; these provide adequate solubility for many workups and chromatographic separations.
  • Use ethanol or isopropanol for stock solutions and crystallizations instead of acetone/ACN when assay compatibility allows.

• Greener reaction conditions

  • Transesterifications: employ catalytic organobases (e.g., DMAP) in green ethers (2-MeTHF/CPME) or esters (EtOAc) with minimal stoichiometric coupling reagents; avoid DCC where waste is a concern—substitute EDC·HCl with catalytic DMAP when possible.
  • Hydrolysis: use aqueous ethanol or MeOH with carbonate bases under mild temperatures in place of strong mineral acids/bases.

• Comparison snapshot (literature-based, qualitative)

  • DCM vs EtOAc: similar solubility for steroid esters; EtOAc offers lower toxicity and better environmental profile.
  • THF vs 2-MeTHF: 2-MeTHF has lower peroxide formation tendency and is bio-derived; suitable for many steroid manipulations.

• Operational efficiency

  • Minimize solvent volumes through concentrated solutions and high-loading chromatography resins (silica/phenyl-hexyl/C18 as appropriate).
  • Opt for reusable filtration media and aqueous workups that avoid halogenated waste, consistent with maintaining product integrity.

Pharmaceutical Uses

• Scope of this section

  • Provided for formulation science context only. This product is supplied strictly for research use; no clinical or diagnostic use is intended or implied.

• General formulation characteristics of steroid 17-esters (literature)

  • High lipophilicity enables dissolution in pharmaceutically acceptable solvents and oils (e.g., ethanol, benzyl benzoate, medium- or long-chain triglycerides) for oil-based formulations used in research and development settings.
  • Solubility screening often employs co-solvent systems (ethanol/PEG 400, ethanol/propylene glycol) and surfactants to enhance dispersion in aqueous vehicles for nonclinical studies.
  • Stability considerations focus on preventing ester hydrolysis (moisture control, neutral pH), oxidation of the enone, and photodegradation (amber containers, light protection).

• Compendial status and analytical control (general)

  • Testosterone esters may be described in pharmacopeial monographs in certain jurisdictions; verify identity, purity, and related substances according to applicable standards if used in regulated method development. For this specific catalog item, compendial grade is not specified.
  • Typical assay controls include HPLC purity, residual solvents, specific optical rotation (for stereochemical integrity), and water content as relevant; item-specific limits: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Physical Properties

• Item-specific specs (this lot)

  • Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Literature/general properties (not item specifications; typical reference values)

  • Physical state: white to off-white crystalline solid (literature).
  • Melting point: ~118–123 °C (literature).
  • Boiling point: not applicable (decomposes before boiling at 1 atm; literature practice is to characterize by MP and spectroscopic data).
  • Molecular weight: ~344.49 g/mol (literature; C22H32O3).
  • LogP (octanol/water): high, indicative of strong hydrophobicity; reported values for steroid 17-esters are typically >3 (literature, method-dependent).
  • Aqueous solubility: practically insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol (limited), acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, dichloromethane, and DMSO (literature).
  • UV characteristics: conjugated 3-en-4-one chromophore shows π→π* absorption in near-UV; λmax commonly ~240–250 nm in alcohols (literature; method- and solvent-dependent). Specific UV cutoff/absorbance for this item: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • pKa: not applicable (no ionizable centers in the neutral ester over typical pH; literature). The parent alcohol (17β-OH) is masked as an ester.
  • Density/refractive index: Not typically reported for solids of this class; Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Notes: Values above are provided as general reference for method development and handling; always verify with primary literature or your own characterization for critical work.

Quality and Grades

• Item-specific quality information

  • Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • Research Use Note: For research use only.

• Interpreting common grades for this compound class (general guidance)

  • Research or analytical grade materials are typically suitable for synthesis, method development, and use as reference standards after appropriate qualification in-house (e.g., NMR/HPLC/MS). If low-UV background or tight impurity profiles are required (e.g., quantitative LC–MS), verify absorbance and related-substance limits on the CoA.
  • For steroid esters, typical impurities may include residual parent steroid (testosterone), isomeric esters, hydrolysis products, and process-related residuals. Stabilizers are not typically added; none are defined for this item.

• Practical quality considerations

  • Confirm identity with orthogonal methods: 1H/13C NMR (diagnostic 3-keto/Δ4 signals), IR (ester C=O ~1735 cm−1; ketone C=O ~1665–1680 cm−1), HRMS (M+), and HPLC purity.
  • Moisture control is important to minimize hydrolysis during use; consider Karl Fischer on critical lots if moisture sensitivity impacts your application.
  • If using as a quantitative reference, standardize by mass balance or purity-corrected assay using validated methods and reference materials where available.

Reaction and Applications

As a 17β-esterified steroid bearing a conjugated enone, testosterone propionate serves both as a synthetic intermediate in steroid chemistry and a reference analyte in analytical method development.

• Synthetic/manipulative applications (literature)

  • Hydrolysis/saponification: base-catalyzed cleavage (e.g., K2CO3 or NaOH in MeOH/H2O) regenerates testosterone; acid-catalyzed methanolysis or aqueous acid can also proceed under controlled conditions. Monitor to avoid enone isomerization.
  • Transesterification: catalytic DMAP in anhydrous alcohols or acyl exchange under Steglich conditions (DCC/DMAP) swaps the propionyl for other acyl groups, enabling ester library synthesis.
  • Reduction/oxidation at C3: selective 1,2- vs 1,4-reduction to modulate the enone; NaBH4/CeCl3 (Luche) favors 1,2-reduction to 3β-alcohol esters, while catalytic hydrogenation can reduce the Δ4 double bond.
  • Protection strategies: the 3-ketone can be protected (e.g., as ethylene/propylene ketal) during manipulations at C17 and vice versa.

• Analytical applications

  • Serves as a system suitability/retention marker for steroid LC–MS/MS panels; aids in optimization of ionization and fragmentation (not an item specification—validate for your platform).
  • Useful for recovery studies and extraction optimization from complex matrices (solid-phase extraction with C18/phenyl phases, liquid–liquid extraction with MTBE/hexane/EA).

• Practical tips

  • Maintain anhydrous conditions for ester-preserving steps; dry solvents and glassware.
  • Limit light exposure to protect the enone chromophore.
  • For stereoselective transformations, leverage the rigid steroid framework and neighboring-group effects to control facial selectivity at C3/C5.

Reaction Conditions

The following literature-guided conditions illustrate typical manipulations of testosterone propionate or closely related steroidal esters. These are general references, not item specifications.

• Hydrolysis (regeneration of testosterone)

  • Base-catalyzed: 0.1–1.0 M K2CO3 or NaOH in MeOH/H2O (9:1 to 4:1), 20–40 °C, 1–6 h; monitor by TLC/HPLC. Quench with buffer, extract with EtOAc/MTBE. Avoid prolonged exposure to strong base to limit enone isomerization.
  • Acidic: catalytic HCl or H2SO4 in MeOH (MeOH–H2O mixtures), 0–25 °C, 1–4 h for methanolysis. Neutralize carefully; protect the enone as needed.

• Transesterification (exchange propionate for another acyl)

  • Steglich conditions: carboxylic acid (1.2–1.5 eq), DCC (1.2–1.5 eq), DMAP (0.1 eq), DCM or 2-MeTHF, 0 °C to rt, 2–16 h. Filter dicyclourea, purify by silica (hexanes/EtOAc).
  • Alcoholysis with catalyst: ROH (solvent/excess), catalytic DMAP (5–10 mol%), 50–70 °C, 4–24 h; remove alcohol under reduced pressure.

• A-ring reductions

  • Luche reduction: CeCl3·7H2O (1–2 eq), NaBH4 (1–2 eq) in MeOH, 0–5 °C to rt, 0.5–2 h to favor 3β-alcohol formation.
  • Catalytic hydrogenation: H2 (1–3 bar), Pd/C (5–10 wt%), EtOH/EtOAc, rt to 40 °C, 1–6 h to reduce Δ4.

• Analytics and workup

  • Typical monitoring by RP-HPLC (C18) with ACN/H2O (0.1% formic acid) or by TLC (hexanes/EtOAc 3:1 to 1:1; visualize with UV and anisaldehyde stain).
  • Drying agents: Na2SO4 or MgSO4; avoid acidic alumina that may promote isomerization.

Yields are reaction- and substrate-dependent; optimize on small scale before scale-up.

Safety and Handling

• Authoritative source: Always consult the product’s SDS for complete and current information. The following are general laboratory precautions for steroidal esters.

• GHS and hazard statements (item-specific)

  • Signal Word: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
  • H-Statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
  • GHS Classification/Pictograms: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.

• General hazards (literature/chemical class guidance)

  • Endocrine-active compound: may interfere with hormonal signaling upon exposure. Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Use containment (fume hood, glovebox) when handling powders.
  • Dust hazard: minimize dust generation; use antistatic measures and gentle handling.
  • Environmental: avoid uncontrolled release; collect waste as organic hazardous waste.

• PPE and engineering controls

  • Wear lab coat, nitrile gloves (double-gloving advisable for extended handling), and eye protection. Handle in a chemical fume hood or ventilated enclosure.
  • For weighing, consider pre-wetted spatulas, anti-scatter weigh boats, and local exhaust.

• Incompatibilities and stability (general)

  • Hydrolysis: ester linkage can slowly hydrolyze under strong acidic or basic conditions and with moisture/heat. Protect from moisture and elevated temperatures.
  • Oxidants: strong oxidizing agents may degrade the steroid nucleus.
  • Light: product data specify protection from light; store and manipulate under reduced light to limit photodegradation of the enone chromophore.

• First aid (overview; defer to SDS)

  • Skin/eye contact: rinse with water for ≥15 min; remove contaminated clothing.
  • Ingestion/inhalation: seek medical attention; provide SDS. Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.

Solvent Selection

Testosterone propionate is a highly lipophilic, neutral steroidal ester; choose solvents accordingly for dissolution, processing, and analytical work.

• Polarity/miscibility profile (literature)

  • Practically insoluble in water; soluble in moderately polar to nonpolar organics: DMSO, DMF, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile (limited to moderate), dichloromethane, chloroform, toluene, and alcohols (ethanol, isopropanol; solubility varies with temperature).
  • For biological assays, concentrated DMSO or ethanol stocks (e.g., 10–50 mg/mL) are commonly prepared and diluted into aqueous media with appropriate cosolvent/surfactant systems.

• Selection guidance by use-case

  • Analytical LC: dissolve in acetonitrile, methanol, or isopropanol; reversed-phase (C18) methods typically use ACN/H2O with 0.1% formic acid or ammonium formate for MS compatibility.
  • Synthetic transformations: use aprotic solvents (DCM, THF, toluene, acetonitrile) for acyl exchange or protection reactions; alcohols or aqueous alcoholic media for controlled hydrolysis/saponification.
  • Formulation research: for oil-based systems, pre-dissolve in ethanol or benzyl benzoate, then blend with carrier oils (e.g., medium-chain triglycerides) as needed for solubility screening; for solid dispersions, consider PEG/PG or cyclodextrin complexes.

• Small comparison (general)

  • DMSO: highest solvating power for stocks; miscible with water; may affect bioassays at >0.5–1% v/v.
  • Ethanol/IPA: good balance of volatility and solubility; easier removal than DMSO.
  • Halogenated solvents (DCM/CHCl3): excellent solubility and NMR quality but less green; reserve for synthesis/analytical prep rather than routine bioassays.

Storage and Reconstitution

• Item-specific storage conditions (Product Data)

  • Store at −20 °C.
  • Protect from light.
  • Shipped in: Ice chest + ice pads.

• General handling and stability guidance

  • Keep container tightly closed under inert atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen) if feasible to minimize oxidative and hydrolytic degradation.
  • Allow container to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to prevent moisture condensation. Recap promptly after use.
  • Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles of solutions; prepare single-use aliquots.

• Reconstitution guidelines (literature-based; not item specifications)

  • For stock solutions: dissolve in anhydrous DMSO or ethanol to 10–50 mg/mL. Vortex and, if needed, gently warm (≤40 °C) briefly to aid dissolution. Filter through 0.22 µm PTFE if particulates persist.
  • For non-aqueous formulation studies: testosterone propionate dissolves in solvents such as ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, and dichloromethane; select based on downstream use and removal strategy.
  • For aqueous assay use: dilute organic stock into buffer with vigorous mixing; maintain final cosolvent low (≤0.1–1% v/v) and consider solubilizers (cyclodextrins, PEG/PG blends) to prevent precipitation.

• Shelf-life note

  • Long-term stability depends on storage conditions and container closure integrity. For definitive retest/expiry dating and item-specific attributes (e.g., purity, water, related substances), consult the CoA/Spec Sheet and requalify after extended storage.

Structure and Identity

Testosterone propionate is a steroidal 17β-propionate ester of testosterone, featuring the androst-4-en-3-one core with a 17β-ester side chain.

• Item-specific identifiers (Product Data)

  • CAS: 57-85-2
  • SKU: T101368
  • InChIKey: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
  • SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Literature/computed identifiers (for reference; not item specifications)

  • Molecular formula (literature): C22H32O3
  • Molecular weight (literature): ~344.49 g/mol
  • Representative stereochemical SMILES (literature): CCC(=O)O[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C

• Structural features (general description)

  • Core: tetracyclic cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene (steroid) scaffold with a Δ4-ene (C4–C5 double bond) and a 3-ketone (3-one).
  • Substituents: 10β-methyl and 13β-methyl (angular methyls typical of androstane steroids).
  • Functional groups: conjugated enone at C3–C5, and a 17β-alkyl carboxylate (propionate) ester derived from the 17β-hydroxyl of testosterone.
  • Stereochemistry: multiple defined chiral centers consistent with natural 17β-androst-4-en-3-one configuration (not racemic). The esterification at C17 retains the native 17β configuration of the alcohol oxygen within the ester linkage.

• 2D structure in words

  • A fused A/B/C/D ring system: three six-membered rings (A–C) and one five-membered D ring. A ring bears the 3-ketone and Δ4 double bond; D ring carries the 17β–O–C(O)–CH2–CH3 (propionate) substituent. Two angular methyls project from C10 and C13.

Synthetic Utility

The molecule’s bifunctional nature—conjugated 3-en-4-one and 17β-ester—makes it a versatile intermediate in steroid synthesis and derivatization.

• Functional group reactivity (literature)

  • Enone (A-ring): susceptible to 1,2-reduction (e.g., Luche reduction) to furnish 3β-alcohols, or 1,4-reduction (catalytic hydrogenation or hydride donors with Cu salts) to saturate the Δ4 double bond. Michael additions are generally disfavored by sterics but possible under forcing conditions.
  • 3-Ketone protection: formation of cyclic ketals (ethylene/propylene glycol, acid catalysis) permits selective transformations elsewhere without enone participation.
  • 17β-Ester: platform for acyl exchange—transesterification to alternate chain lengths; controlled hydrolysis back to the 17β-alcohol (testosterone) for subsequent carbamate/carbonate/ester installations.

• Retrosynthetic value

  • As a protected form of testosterone, it provides a handle to modulate solubility and reactivity during multi-step sequences, often improving crystallinity and chromatographic behavior relative to the free alcohol.

• Derivative access

  • Oxime/hydrazone formation at C3 for downstream Beckmann or Wolff–Kishner-type manipulations (after appropriate protection/deprotection choreography).
  • Halogenation at C4 (via enone activation) followed by substitution/elimination to introduce A-ring modifications.

• Practical notes

  • Stereochemical integrity at multiple chiral centers is retained under mild conditions; avoid strong acids/bases and high temperatures that can promote epimerization or double-bond migration.

Target Specificity

This product is a small-molecule steroid, not an antibody or affinity reagent. No antigen/epitope/clone/isotype information applies.

• Item-specific data: Not applicable.
• If used in receptor-binding studies, androgen receptor interactions are a property of the molecule class (literature) and not a validated performance attribute of this catalog item. Users should establish suitability with their own assays.