Dyes

Cyanine dyes are a classic class of polymethine-conjugated dyes: they typically contain nitrogen-containing heterocycles at both ends (e.g., indoline / benzoindoline), connected by a polymethine conjugated bridge in the middle. Because the π-electrons are delocalized over the entire backbone, ...

Phthalocyanines (Pc, phthalocyanine) are a class of macrocyclic, highly conjugated molecules. You can think of Pc as an exceptionally stable “conjugated macrocycle disk”: the periphery can be decorated with different substituents, and a metal can be inserted at the center to form a metal ...

Curcumin, a natural compound found in turmeric (a member of the Zingiberaceae family), has been traditionally used as a dye and food preservative.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is a green fluorescent dye widely used in biological labeling and imaging techniques. Polysaccharides are important biological macromolecules involved in various biological processes and functions. By labeling polysaccharides with FITC, their visualization and ...