Techniques for detecting, quantifying and localizing antigens and antibodies — ELISA, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Below are the protocols, FAQs and technical articles in our knowledge base tagged with this topic.
This procedure is intended to standardize tissue pretreatment, fixation, sucrose cryoprotection, OCT embedding, rapid freezing, cryosectioning, section collection, frozen storage, and thawing procedures. It is applicable to immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, enzyme histochemistry, lipid ...
Identification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in liver tissue should not rely on a single staining result. HE staining can indicate the pathological background of chronic hepatitis, interface hepatitis, hepatocyte degeneration, fibrosis, and “ground-glass hepatocytes,” but it cannot directly ...
TSA, or Tyramide Signal Amplification, is a signal amplification technique based on HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase)-catalyzed reactions. It is commonly used in IHC (Immunohistochemistry), ICC (Immunocytochemistry), ISH (In Situ Hybridization), FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization), and ...
Fixation is a critical pretreatment step in histology, cytology, immunostaining, and ultrastructural observation. Its core purpose is to preserve the in situ morphology, molecular localization, and structural stability of samples as much as possible. Glutaraldehyde, paraformaldehyde, and ...
Mounting is not merely an ancillary step after staining, but a critical determinant of section transparency, fluorescence stability, background control, and storage life. In experiments such as immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and lipid staining, different ...
Immunohistochemistry Protocol
Analysis and handling of IHC common problems
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a technique that uses the principle of specific binding between antigens and antibodies to locate, characterize and quantify antigens (peptides and proteins) within tissue cells by chemically reacting the marker antibody's color developer (fluorescein, enzyme, metal ...
Steps of paraffin section immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry kit experimental procedure
Choosing monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies? A single specific antibody produced by one type of B cell is called a monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies bind to a single specific antigenic determinant in a targeted manner, like a missile hitting a target with precision.
Most formalin-fixed tissues require an antigen retrieval step before immunohistochemical staining. Methylene bridges formed during fixation cross-link proteins and mask antigenic sites. Antigen retrieval methods break these methylene bridges and expose antigenic sites, allowing antibodies to ...
Immunohistochemical staining protocol for frozen samples (IHC-Fr)
Techniques often explored alongside immunological experiments.
