Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein: Key FAQs & Specs

Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein is a chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein that plays a central role in ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, transcriptional regulation, and DNA repair, making it an essential tool for epigenetics and chromatin biology research.

Product Name

Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein

SKU

rp377077

Protein Family

CHD (Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding) family, SNF2 superfamily

Key Functional Domains

Tandem chromodomains, SNF2-like ATPase/helicase domain, DNA-binding domain

Primary Biological Function

ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, nucleosome sliding, transcription elongation facilitation, and DNA damage response

Supplier

Aladdin Scientific

What Is CHD1 and Why Is It Important in Research?

CHD1 (Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding Protein 1) is a member of the CHD subfamily of the SNF2 superfamily of chromatin remodeling enzymes. It uses energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to reposition, eject, or restructure nucleosomes along chromatin, thereby controlling the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors, the replication machinery, and DNA repair complexes.

CHD1 is characterized by three key structural features: tandem N-terminal chromodomains that recognize histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), a central SNF2-like ATPase/helicase domain that drives nucleosome remodeling, and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain. These features collectively enable CHD1 to couple recognition of active chromatin marks with active remodeling activity.

CHD1 has been linked to multiple important biological processes including RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription elongation, maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells, homologous recombination-based DNA repair, and suppression of tumor development. Loss-of-function alterations in CHD1 have been identified in several cancers, most notably prostate cancer, making it a subject of intense oncological investigation.

What Are the Recommended Research Applications for Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein?

Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein is suitable for a range of in vitro biochemical and cell-free assays. Typical research applications include:

• Nucleosome Remodeling Assays: Measuring ATP-dependent repositioning of nucleosomes on reconstituted chromatin substrates using restriction enzyme accessibility or gel-based assays.
• ATPase Activity Assays: Quantifying the DNA- or nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity of CHD1 using colorimetric phosphate release methods or radiolabeled ATP hydrolysis.
• Protein–Protein Interaction Studies: Investigating binding partners of CHD1 via pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, or surface plasmon resonance experiments.
• Binding Studies: Assessing CHD1 interactions with modified histone peptides (e.g., H3K4me3) or specific DNA sequences using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) or fluorescence polarization.
• Structural and Biophysical Studies: Supporting cryo-EM, X-ray crystallography, or hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry investigations into CHD1 structure and conformational dynamics.
• Drug Discovery: Used as a biochemical target in inhibitor screening campaigns directed at CHD1's ATPase or chromodomain functions.

Researchers should confirm the specific activity and recommended concentration ranges for each assay type upon receipt of the product, as optimal conditions may vary.

How Should Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein Be Stored and Handled?

Proper storage and handling of Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein are critical to preserving its structural integrity and enzymatic activity. General best-practice guidelines for recombinant chromatin remodeling proteins include:

• Long-term storage: Store at −80 °C to maintain protein stability over extended periods. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles, which can cause aggregation and loss of activity.
• Short-term storage: If the protein will be used within days to weeks, aliquot upon receipt and store at −20 °C or on ice (4 °C) depending on the formulation buffer and stabilizers present.
• Aliquoting: Divide the stock into single-use aliquots immediately upon receipt to minimize freeze–thaw cycles.
• Working solutions: Prepare dilutions in a compatible buffer (typically containing a mild reducing agent such as DTT or TCEP, a carrier protein such as BSA, and a physiological salt concentration) immediately before use.
• Avoid detergents and extreme pH: Exposure to non-ionic or ionic detergents, or solutions outside the pH 6.5–8.5 range, may denature the protein.

Note: Always refer to the specific Certificate of Analysis (CoA) and datasheet supplied with each lot of rp377077 for precise storage buffer composition, recommended working concentrations, and lot-specific activity data.

Quality, Purity, and Expression System Considerations

When selecting a recombinant CHD1 protein for research use, understanding the expression platform and quality attributes is essential for experimental reproducibility and data interpretation.

Expression Systems: Recombinant human CHD1 protein can be produced in several heterologous systems, most commonly insect cell (baculovirus/Sf9) or mammalian cell (HEK293) expression platforms. Insect and mammalian expression systems are generally preferred for large, multi-domain chromatin remodeling enzymes like CHD1 because they support correct protein folding, post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, acetylation), and assembly of enzymatically active complexes. Bacterial (E. coli) expression may yield misfolded or inactive protein for full-length CHD1 due to the protein's large size (~200 kDa) and complexity.

Purity: High-quality recombinant CHD1 preparations should exhibit ≥85% purity as assessed by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie staining or silver staining. Endotoxin levels should be low (typically <1.0 EU/µg) for applications involving cellular assays.

Activity Confirmation: Each lot should be tested for ATPase activity in a nucleosome-stimulated ATPase assay or equivalent functional assay to confirm biological activity prior to use.

Researchers are advised to request the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for lot rp377077 from Aladdin Scientific to verify all quality parameters for their specific experimental needs.

Frequently asked questions

What is the molecular weight of Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein?

Full-length human CHD1 has a predicted molecular weight of approximately 197 kDa based on its amino acid sequence. The apparent molecular weight observed by SDS-PAGE may differ slightly. Please refer to the lot-specific Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for rp377077 for the confirmed molecular weight and SDS-PAGE profile.

Does Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein (rp377077) have confirmed ATPase activity?

Quality-grade recombinant CHD1 proteins are typically tested for nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity as part of lot-release quality control. However, specific activity data for rp377077 should be verified in the product's Certificate of Analysis. Contact Aladdin Scientific technical support for lot-specific activity documentation.

What buffer and formulation conditions are recommended for Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein?

Optimal formulation buffers for recombinant CHD1 typically include a physiological salt concentration (e.g., 150–300 mM NaCl), a mild reducing agent (DTT or TCEP), a stabilizing agent (glycerol, 10–20%), and a neutral-to-slightly-alkaline pH (7.2–7.8). Exact buffer composition for rp377077 is provided in the product datasheet and CoA; researchers should consult these documents before use.

Can Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein be used for drug screening or inhibitor studies?

Yes. Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein is suitable for use as a biochemical target in small-molecule inhibitor screening, particularly assays targeting the ATPase or chromodomain functions of CHD1. It can be used in fluorescence-based ATPase assays, thermal shift assays, or binding assays for hit identification and compound characterization.

Is Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein associated with any disease-relevant biology?

Yes. CHD1 loss-of-function mutations have been identified in prostate cancer, where CHD1 deletion correlates with genomic instability and altered transcriptional programs. CHD1 has also been studied in the context of embryonic development and stem cell pluripotency. These disease associations make Recombinant Human CHD1 Protein a relevant tool for oncology and developmental biology research.

References

1. Woodage T, et al. Characterization of the CHD family of proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94(21):11472–11477. PMID:9326634
2. Sims RJ 3rd, et al. Human but not yeast CHD1 binds directly and selectively to histone H3 methylated at lysine 4 via its tandem chromodomains. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(51):41789–41792. PMID:16247017
3. Flanagan JF, et al. Double chromodomains cooperate to recognize the methylated histone H3 tail. Nature. 2005;438(7071):1181–1185. PMID:16372014
4. Burkhardt L, et al. CHD1 is a 5q21 tumor suppressor required for ERG rearrangement in prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2013;73(9):2795–2805. PMID:23447578

Products are supplied for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.