Guide to Selecting Polyurethane Coating Systems: Application Analysis for Wood, Flooring, Plastics, Automotive, and Industrial Protection

Introduction

The selection of polyurethane (PU) coatings should begin with the substrate, service environment, target performance, application conditions, and compliance requirements. Different application scenarios have different requirements for coating film performance. Wood coatings emphasize appearance, hand feel, abrasion resistance, and resistance to household stains; flooring coatings emphasize abrasion resistance, impact resistance, slip resistance, and chemical resistance; plastic coatings emphasize adhesion, flexibility, scratch resistance, and tactile properties; automotive coatings emphasize appearance, weatherability, gloss and color retention, and application efficiency; industrial protective coatings emphasize weatherability, chemical resistance, and compatibility within anti-corrosion coating systems.

Polyurethane coatings offer broad flexibility in system design. Through combinations of resins, curing agents, crosslink density, solventborne or waterborne approaches, additives, and application processes, PU coatings can meet the performance requirements of different application scenarios.

1. Basic Logic for Selecting Polyurethane Coatings

When selecting a polyurethane system, the first question should be: what is the key problem that this application needs to solve?

Polyurethane coating selection is usually evaluated in the following order:

1. First, identify the substrate: wood, concrete, plastic, metal, composite material, or an existing coating.

2. Then, evaluate the service environment: indoor, outdoor, humid conditions, ultraviolet exposure, chemical media, mechanical wear, or temperature fluctuations.

3. Next, define the main performance requirements: appearance, hand feel, adhesion, hardness, flexibility, abrasion resistance, weatherability, chemical resistance, and so on.

4. Then, select the appropriate PU system: 1K PU, 2K PU, waterborne PUD, waterborne 2K PU, high-solids PU, aliphatic PU, elastic PU, or soft-touch PU.

5. Finally, confirm application and compliance conditions: application method, drying conditions, VOC limits, application safety, repairability, and cost.

For 2K PU systems containing free isocyanates, moisture-curing PU, and spray-applied systems, ventilation, respiratory protection, skin contact control, and operator training should also be carefully managed according to SDS requirements.

2. Common Terms Used in Polyurethane Coating Systems

Term	Meaning	Typical Characteristics
1K PU	One-Component Polyurethane	Easy to apply and does not require on-site addition of a curing agent; may include waterborne PUD, moisture-curing PU, blocked-isocyanate baking systems, and others
2K PU	Two-Component Polyurethane	Usually forms a film through the reaction of hydroxyl-functional resins with polyisocyanate curing agents; generally provides good abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and durability
PUD	Polyurethane Dispersion	Commonly used in waterborne coatings; applicable to wood, plastics, flooring, textiles, leather, industrial coatings, and other fields
Waterborne 2K PU	Waterborne Two-Component Polyurethane	Usually uses waterborne hydroxyl-functional resins or PUDs in combination with hydrophilically modified polyisocyanates, offering both low VOC and relatively high crosslinking performance
High-Solids PU	High-Solids Polyurethane	Reduces solvent emissions by increasing solids content; commonly used in automotive refinish coatings, industrial topcoats, and high-performance protective coatings
Aliphatic PU	Aliphatic Polyurethane	Offers good weatherability, gloss and color retention, and yellowing resistance; suitable for outdoor topcoats, automotive clearcoats, and industrial protective topcoats
Aromatic PU	Aromatic Polyurethane	Has advantages in mechanical performance and cost, but is more prone to yellowing under direct outdoor exposure; usually not the preferred choice for high-appearance outdoor topcoats
Elastic PU	Elastic Polyurethane	Provides good flexibility, crack resistance, cushioning, and resilience; commonly used in elastic flooring, sports flooring, and special protective coatings
Soft-Touch PU	Soft-Touch Polyurethane	Can form low-gloss, soft, fine, or rubber-like surfaces; commonly used on plastic parts and automotive interiors
Solvent-Free PU	Solvent-free Polyurethane	Usually used in flooring, elastic layers, waterproofing, or thick-film systems; can reduce solvent emissions, but application viscosity, heat generation, pot life, and curing completeness require close attention

3. Wood Coatings: Focus on Appearance, Hand Feel, Abrasion Resistance, and Resistance to Household Stains

Wood coatings include coatings for furniture, cabinets, doors and windows, wood flooring, wood veneers, and outdoor wood products. Wood has grain, pores, and moisture absorption. Coatings need to protect the substrate while also preserving or enhancing decorative effects.

3.1 Main Requirements for Wood Coatings

Requirement	Specific Performance
Appearance	Transparency, fullness, gloss, clarity of wood grain
Hand feel	Smooth, warm, fine, non-tacky
Abrasion resistance	Furniture surfaces, tabletops, and wood flooring need to withstand friction
Resistance to household stains	Resistance to water, alcohol, coffee, tea stains, and cleaning agents
Flexibility	Ability to accommodate slight swelling and shrinkage of wood and changes in temperature and humidity
Application properties	Good leveling, good sandability, suitable for multi-coat application

3.2 Common PU Choices for Wood Coatings

Application Scenario	Recommended PU Systems to Consider	Reason for Selection
High-end furniture clearcoats	2K PU clearcoat, waterborne 2K PU clearcoat	Good film fullness, hardness, abrasion resistance, and resistance to household stains
Wood flooring topcoats	High-abrasion-resistance waterborne PUD, waterborne 2K PU	Low odor, abrasion resistance, water resistance, suitable for indoor environmental requirements
Open-pore wood finishing	Waterborne PUD, PU-modified acrylic system	Helps control film thickness while preserving wood grain and open-pore effects
Tabletop and cabinet coatings	2K PU, waterborne 2K PU	Higher requirements for alcohol resistance, cleaning-agent resistance, stain resistance, and scratch resistance
Outdoor wood coatings	Weatherable waterborne PU, PU-modified system	Needs to balance UV resistance, rain resistance, and dimensional changes of wood; transparent or light-colored outdoor wood systems should also be used with UV absorbers/HALS and verified through actual weathering tests

4. Flooring Coatings: Focus on Abrasion Resistance, Impact Resistance, Slip Resistance, and Chemical Resistance

Flooring coatings must withstand foot traffic, vehicle rolling, equipment friction, cleaning agents, oil contamination, and certain chemical media. In flooring applications, polyurethane is commonly used in topcoats, clear sealers, elastic layers, anti-slip systems, and sports flooring systems.

4.1 Main Requirements for Flooring Coatings

Flooring Type	Main Requirements
Industrial plant flooring	Abrasion resistance, impact resistance, oil resistance, cleaning-agent resistance
Parking garage flooring	Tire-wear resistance, water resistance, salt resistance, weatherability, slip resistance
Commercial flooring	Abrasion resistance, appearance, easy cleaning, low odor
Sports flooring	Elasticity, slip resistance, abrasion resistance, impact resistance
Outdoor flooring	Weatherability, UV resistance, water resistance, resistance to temperature fluctuations

4.2 Common PU Choices for Flooring

Application Scenario	Recommended PU Systems to Consider	Reason for Selection
Clear topcoat for epoxy flooring	Aliphatic 2K PU topcoat	Improves weatherability, abrasion resistance, scratch resistance, and gloss and color retention
Industrial wear-resistant flooring	High-solids 2K PU, polyurethane mortar system	Suitable for higher mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance requirements
Parking garage flooring	Elastic PU, aliphatic PU topcoat	Balances crack resistance, abrasion resistance, weatherability, and slip resistance
Sports flooring	Elastic PU system	Provides cushioning, resilience, slip resistance, and abrasion resistance
Commercial indoor flooring	Waterborne PU topcoat, waterborne 2K PU topcoat	Low odor, with a balance of appearance, abrasion resistance, and application convenience

5. Plastic Coatings: Focus on Adhesion, Flexibility, Scratch Resistance, and Tactile Properties

Plastic substrates differ from wood, metal, and concrete. Plastic surfaces generally have lower surface energy and significant polarity differences. Some plastics are also prone to stress cracking or solvent sensitivity. Therefore, when selecting plastic coatings, the substrate type and surface treatment method must be confirmed first.

Common plastics include ABS, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene; PC, or polycarbonate; PP, or polypropylene; PVC, or polyvinyl chloride; and TPO, or thermoplastic polyolefin.

5.1 Main Requirements for Plastic Coatings

Requirement	Specific Performance
Adhesion	The coating film should not peel or flake off easily
Flexibility	Ability to accommodate bending, assembly, and deformation of plastic parts
Scratch resistance	Resistance to fingernail scratching, friction, and daily wear
Chemical resistance	Resistance to sweat, hand cream, alcohol, and cleaning agents
Appearance	High gloss, matte, metallic appearance, low gloss
Tactile properties	Rubber-like feel, silky feel, fine matte feel

5.2 Common PU Choices for Plastic Coatings

Application Scenario	Recommended PU Systems to Consider	Reason for Selection
General plastic part topcoats	1K PU, PU-modified acrylic system	Convenient application, good flexibility and adhesion
High-wear plastic parts	2K PU topcoat	Good scratch resistance, chemical resistance, and surface strength
Soft-touch coatings	Waterborne PUD, soft-touch PU system	Easily forms low-gloss surfaces with a soft tactile feel
Automotive interior plastics	Waterborne PU, 2K PU, soft-touch PU	Balances tactile properties, sweat resistance, hand-cream resistance, and abrasion resistance
Low-surface-energy plastics	PU system used with primer or surface treatment	Improves adhesion stability on substrates such as PP and TPO

6. Automotive Coatings: Focus on Appearance, Weatherability, Gloss and Color Retention, and Application Efficiency

Automotive coatings include OEM coatings, automotive refinish coatings, commercial vehicle coatings, component coatings, and interior coatings. PU systems are commonly used in automotive refinish clearcoats, commercial vehicle topcoats, transportation coatings, plastic component coatings, and interior soft-touch coatings. For OEM coatings, however, selection must be comprehensively evaluated based on automaker processes, baking schedules, regulatory requirements, and full-vehicle validation standards.

Automotive exterior coatings are exposed for long periods to UV radiation, rain, temperature fluctuations, cleaning agents, acid rain, bird droppings, tree resin, fuel, and road contaminants. Therefore, the coating film must have excellent weatherability, gloss retention, color retention, chemical resistance, and appearance.

6.1 Main Requirements for Automotive Coatings

Application Area	Main Requirements
Exterior clearcoat	High gloss, high distinctness of image, weatherability, scratch resistance, chemical resistance
Refinish clearcoat	Fast drying, easy polishing, good appearance, weatherability, good application adaptability
Commercial vehicle topcoat	Weatherability, washing resistance, color retention, anti-corrosion compatibility
Automotive interior	Low gloss, sweat resistance, hand-cream resistance, scratch resistance, low odor
Plastic components	Adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, weatherability or rub resistance

6.2 Common PU Choices for Automotive Coatings

Application Scenario	Recommended PU Systems to Consider	Reason for Selection
Automotive refinish clearcoat	Solventborne 2K PU, high-solids 2K PU	High gloss, fast drying, easy polishing, good weatherability
High-performance exterior clearcoat for automotive refinish, commercial vehicles, and components	Aliphatic 2K PU, acrylic polyurethane system	Gloss and color retention, chemical resistance, good appearance
Commercial vehicle topcoat	2K acrylic polyurethane topcoat	Balances weatherability, washing resistance, decorative appearance, and protection
Automotive interior soft-touch coating	Waterborne PUD, soft-touch PU	Low gloss, good tactile feel, sweat resistance, and abrasion resistance
Plastic component coating	Flexible PU, PU-modified system	Accommodates deformation and impact of plastic parts

7. Industrial Protective Coatings: Focus on Weatherability, Chemical Resistance, and Anti-Corrosion Coating Systems

Industrial protective coatings are commonly used on steel structures, bridges, machinery and equipment, storage tank exteriors, engineering vehicles, rail transit, ship superstructures, port facilities, and general metal components.

In industrial protection, PU usually does not perform the entire anti-corrosion function alone. Instead, it is used as a topcoat or clear sealer in combination with zinc-rich primers, epoxy primers, epoxy intermediate coats, glass-flake coatings, or other anti-corrosion systems. The main value of a PU topcoat is to improve weatherability, gloss and color retention, washing resistance, abrasion resistance, and certain chemical resistance. Anti-corrosion service life should be evaluated based on the complete coating system rather than the PU topcoat alone.

7.1 Main Requirements for Industrial Protective Coatings

Service Environment	Main Requirements
Outdoor steel structures	Weatherability, gloss and color retention, rain resistance, pollution resistance
Chemical equipment exteriors	Chemical resistance, washing resistance, anti-corrosion system compatibility
Engineering machinery	Abrasion resistance, oil resistance, impact resistance, decorative appearance
Rail transit	Weatherability, washing resistance, graffiti resistance, abrasion resistance
Marine atmospheric environment	Salt-spray resistance, damp-heat resistance, UV resistance, anti-corrosion system compatibility
General metal topcoats	Balance among decorative appearance, weatherability, application efficiency, and cost

7.2 Common PU Choices for Industrial Protection

Application Scenario	Recommended PU Systems to Consider	Reason for Selection
Outdoor steel-structure topcoat	Aliphatic 2K PU topcoat	Good weatherability, gloss and color retention, and decorative appearance
Topcoat for epoxy anti-corrosion systems	2K PU topcoat	Improves outdoor weatherability and surface appearance
Engineering machinery topcoat	2K PU, high-solids PU	Good abrasion resistance, oil resistance, impact resistance, and application efficiency
Rail transit coatings	High-weatherability PU topcoat	Washing resistance, weatherability, good appearance retention
General industrial metal	Acrylic polyurethane topcoat	Balances weatherability, hardness, appearance, and cost
Indoor equipment coating	1K PU, 2K PU, waterborne PU	Selected according to chemical resistance, application efficiency, and environmental requirements

8. Comparison of Selection Approaches for the Five Application Fields

Application Field	Main Requirements	Priority PU Systems to Consider	Selection Focus
Wood coatings	Appearance, hand feel, abrasion resistance, resistance to household stains	2K PU, waterborne PUD, waterborne 2K PU	Transparency, fullness, stain resistance, sandability, wood adaptability
Flooring coatings	Abrasion resistance, impact resistance, slip resistance, chemical resistance	2K PU, high-solids PU, waterborne PU, elastic PU	Abrasion resistance, slip resistance, oil resistance, cleaning-agent resistance, indentation resistance
Plastic coatings	Adhesion, flexibility, scratch resistance, tactile properties	1K PU, 2K PU, waterborne PUD, soft-touch PU	Substrate treatment, sweat resistance, hand-cream resistance, tactile stability
Automotive coatings	Appearance, weatherability, gloss and color retention, application efficiency	Aliphatic 2K PU, acrylic polyurethane, waterborne PUD	High gloss, fast drying, scratch resistance, chemical resistance
Industrial protection	Weatherability, chemical resistance, anti-corrosion system compatibility, washing resistance	2K PU, high-solids PU, waterborne PU	Compatibility with primer, weatherability, media resistance, application adaptability

9. Working Backward from Performance Targets to PU Systems

Main Performance Target	Priority PU Systems to Consider	Key Verification Points
Appearance and hand feel	2K PU, waterborne PUD, soft-touch PU	Leveling, gloss control, transparency, hand-feel stability, stain resistance
Abrasion resistance and scratch resistance	2K PU, waterborne 2K PU, high-abrasion-resistance PUD	Surface hardness, wear resistance, toughness, indentation resistance, adhesion stability
Weatherability and gloss/color retention	Aliphatic 2K PU, weatherable waterborne PU	UV stability, gloss retention, color retention, chalking resistance, rain resistance
Chemical resistance	Highly crosslinked 2K PU, media-resistant PU	Type of medium, concentration, temperature, contact time, curing completeness
Low VOC and low odor	Waterborne PUD, waterborne 2K PU, high-solids PU, solvent-free PU	Measured VOC or values calculated according to applicable regulations, odor, early water resistance, drying conditions, final performance
Flexibility and tactile properties	Flexible PUD, soft-touch PU, elastic PU	Adhesion, scratch resistance, sweat resistance, tactile durability, deformation adaptability

10. Typical Situations Where PU Is Not Recommended as the First Choice

Polyurethane has a broad range of applications, but it should not always be selected as the first choice. The following situations require careful evaluation.

Situation	Reason
Ordinary decorative coatings where extremely low cost is the only priority	PU raw materials and application costs may be relatively high
Long-term immersion in strong acids, strong alkalis, or strong solvents	Dedicated corrosion-resistant systems are required; ordinary PU topcoats alone are not suitable
Ultra-high-temperature environments	Ordinary PU has limited heat resistance; silicone, inorganic, or other high-temperature-resistant systems may be required
Extreme heavy-duty anti-corrosion base-layer protection	Usually relies on zinc-rich, epoxy, glass-flake, or other anti-corrosion base-layer systems
On-site application conditions cannot meet mixing and curing requirements	The performance of 2K PU is significantly affected by mixing ratio, mixing quality, pot life, and environmental conditions
Extremely high requirements for rapid on-site repair under complex application conditions	Highly crosslinked PU may increase the difficulty of sanding, recoating, and repair
High-appearance outdoor topcoats using aromatic PU	Higher risk of yellowing and appearance degradation under UV exposure

11. Representative Chemical Classifications and Applications Related to Polyurethane Coating Systems: Tables 1–4

Table 1. Key Raw Materials for Polyurethane Resins and Crosslinking Reactions

Category	CAS No.	Aladdin Catalog No.	Name	Specification or Purity	Product Features and Applications
Polyether polyol	25322-69-4	P103212	Polypropylene glycol (PPG)	Average molecular weight 4000	Used in synthetic research on flexible polyurethane, elastic flooring, soft-touch coatings, and impact-resistant coating films; can adjust coating-film flexibility, resilience, and low-temperature performance
Polyether polyol	25190-06-1	P432410	Polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF)	Average Mn ~2900	Used in research on highly elastic polyurethane, abrasion-resistant elastic coatings, and sports flooring systems; can improve coating-film elasticity, hydrolysis resistance, and mechanical durability
Aliphatic polyisocyanate curing agent	4035-89-6	T770979	Hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret	NCO content: 21–22.5%	Used in crosslinking and curing studies of two-component polyurethane clearcoats, flooring topcoats, industrial protective topcoats, and automotive refinish clearcoats; can provide weatherability, chemical resistance, and gloss and color retention
Aliphatic polyisocyanate curing agent	3779-63-3	H694586	1,3,5-Tris(6-isocyanatohexyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione	≥95%	Used in research on high-weatherability two-component polyurethane coatings, automotive clearcoats, industrial topcoats, and wood clearcoats; can increase crosslink density, hardness, and chemical resistance
Hydroxy acrylic resin monomer	868-77-9	H140643	2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)	Anhydrous grade, ≥99%, contains 200 ppm MEHQ as stabilizer, water ≤0.1%	Used in the synthesis of hydroxyl-functional acrylic resins and in combination with polyisocyanates to prepare acrylic polyurethane coatings; suitable for research on automotive refinish clearcoats, industrial topcoats, and wood topcoats
Hydroxy acrylic resin monomer	27813-02-1	H109880	Hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA)	≥97%, contains 0.02% 4-methoxyphenol as stabilizer	Used in research on hydroxyl-functional acrylic resins and two-component polyurethane coatings; can introduce hydroxyl reactive sites and adjust coating-film hardness, adhesion, and chemical resistance
Hydroxy acrylic resin monomer	2478-10-6	H156908	4-Hydroxybutyl acrylate (4HBA)	≥97% (GC), contains MEHQ as stabilizer	Used in research on flexible hydroxyl-functional acrylic resins and polyurethane-crosslinked coatings; can improve coating-film flexibility, adhesion, and impact resistance
Hydroxy acrylic resin monomer	25584-83-2	H156905	Hydroxypropyl acrylate, mixture of 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate and 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl acrylate	≥90% (GC), contains MEHQ as stabilizer	Used in hydroxyl-functional acrylic resin synthesis and polyurethane crosslinking reaction studies; can be used to adjust coating-film crosslink density, flexibility, and solvent resistance
Hydrophilic chain extender monomer for waterborne polyurethane	10097-02-6	B115196	2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid (DMBA)	≥98%	Used in the synthesis of waterborne polyurethane dispersions; can introduce carboxyl hydrophilic structures and is suitable for research on waterborne wood coatings, plastic coatings, and low-odor coatings
Hydrophilic chain extender monomer for waterborne polyurethane	4767-03-7	B104539	2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (DMPA)	≥98%	Used in the synthesis of waterborne polyurethane dispersions; can provide internal emulsifying hydrophilic groups and is suitable for experimental research on particle size, stability, film formation, and water resistance

Table 2. Solvents and Application-Control Chemicals

Category	CAS No.	Aladdin Catalog No.	Name	Specification or Purity	Product Features and Applications
Aromatic solvent	1330-20-7	X112051	Xylene	Premium reagent, ≥99%, xylene isomers and ethylbenzene	Used in formulation research on solventborne polyurethane coatings, industrial topcoats, and wood coatings; can adjust resin solubility, evaporation rate, leveling, and application viscosity
Ester solvent	108-65-6	P295138	Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PMA)	≥99.5%	Used in formulation research on acrylic polyurethane and high-solids coatings; can improve solubility, leveling, drying rate, and coating-film appearance
Ketone solvent	108-10-1	M108738	Methyl isobutyl ketone	≥99.5% (GC)	Used in research on solventborne polyurethane and acrylic polyurethane coatings; can adjust evaporation gradients, application viscosity, leveling, and solvent release
Ester solvent	123-86-4	B116229	Butyl acetate	≥99.5%, polyurethane grade	Used in research on two-component polyurethane clearcoats, automotive refinish coatings, wood coatings, and industrial topcoats; can improve application leveling, drying balance, and coating-film appearance
Ester solvent	763-69-9	E108066	Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP)	≥98%, contains 50–100 ppm BHT as stabilizer	Used in research on high-appearance polyurethane coatings and acrylic polyurethane systems; can improve leveling, color development, solvent release, and surface smoothness

Table 3. Substrate Research Materials, Adhesion Promoters, Wear-Resistant Fillers, and Anti-Corrosion Fillers

Category	CAS No.	Aladdin Catalog No.	Name	Specification or Purity	Product Features and Applications
Plastic substrate research material	9002-88-4	P434354	Polyethylene (PE)	Medium density, melt index 3.5 g/10 min (190°C/2.16 kg)	Used in adhesion, primer, surface treatment, and polyurethane plastic coating adhesion evaluation experiments for low-surface-energy plastic substrates
Fluoropolymer wear-resistance additive	9002-84-0	P670338	Polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder resin (PTFE)	Average particle size: ~610 μm, apparent density: ~490 g/L	Used in comparative experiments on coarse-particle abrasion resistance, texture, anti-slip properties, or particulate fillers in polyurethane coatings; for fine clearcoats, slip modification, or anti-blocking additive studies, a finer-particle PTFE micropowder is recommended
Inorganic filler	7631-86-9	S104578	Silicon dioxide	PrimorTrace™, ≥99.99% metals basis, particle size: 2 μm	Used in research on matting, abrasion resistance, thixotropy, anti-settling, and surface hand-feel adjustment in polyurethane coatings; suitable for matte wood coatings, matte plastic coatings, and industrial topcoats
Nano inorganic wear-resistant filler	1344-28-1	A299286	Nano aluminum oxide	≥99.9% metals basis, powder, α-phase, 150 nm	Used for abrasion resistance, scratch resistance, and surface-hardness modification in polyurethane coatings; suitable for experiments on flooring topcoats, industrial protective topcoats, plastic coatings, and abrasion-resistant clearcoats; dispersion, transparency, and system stability should be considered
Anti-corrosion pigment/filler	7779-90-0	Z112909	Zinc phosphate hydrate	AR, ≥99%	Used in research on anti-corrosion primers and industrial protective coating systems; can be used for metal substrate corrosion inhibition, anti-corrosion pigment screening, and compatibility evaluation with polyurethane topcoats
Anti-slip aggregate	14808-60-7	S100257	Quartz sand	8–16 mesh or 1–2 mm	Used in polyurethane flooring, anti-slip coatings, parking garage flooring, and sports flooring experiments; can form a rough surface and improve slip resistance
Aminosilane adhesion promoter	919-30-2	A107147	3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)	≥99%	Used in research on adhesion promotion of polyurethane coatings to glass, metals, inorganic fillers, and mineral substrates; can improve interfacial bonding and wet adhesion
Epoxy silane adhesion promoter	2530-83-8	G107576	3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane	≥97%	Used in research on polyurethane coatings, epoxy primers, and surface modification of inorganic fillers; can enhance interfacial adhesion to metals, glass, mineral fillers, and composite substrates

Table 4. Weatherability, Light Stabilization, and Anti-Aging Additives

Category	CAS No.	Aladdin Catalog No.	Name	Specification or Purity	Product Features and Applications
Benzotriazole UV absorber	3896-11-5	C153529	2-(5-Chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-tert-butyl-p-cresol	≥98% (HPLC)	Used in weatherability studies of polyurethane clearcoats, automotive coatings, wood topcoats, and industrial protective topcoats; can absorb UV light and slow coating-film yellowing, chalking, and gloss loss
Benzotriazole UV absorber	25973-55-1	D155329	2-(3,5-Di-tert-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole	≥98%	Used in light-aging experiments for outdoor polyurethane topcoats, automotive clearcoats, and industrial protective coatings; can improve coating-film UV resistance and appearance retention
Polyether-ester UV absorber	104810-48-2	H302135	Poly(ethylene glycol) 300 ester of 3-[3-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl]propionic acid	≥98%	Used in weatherability experiments for waterborne and solventborne polyurethane coatings; can be used for UV protection studies in clearcoats, wood coatings, plastic coatings, and industrial topcoats
Benzotriazole UV absorber	104810-47-1	H302134	UV Absorber 1130	≥84% (HPLC)	Used in weatherability formulation research for polyurethane clearcoats, automotive coatings, wood coatings, and industrial protective topcoats; can improve coating-film gloss retention, color retention, and yellowing resistance
Hindered amine light stabilizer	52829-07-9	B102211	Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate	≥98%	Used in light-stabilization research for polyurethane outdoor topcoats, automotive clearcoats, and industrial protective coatings; can capture free radicals and delay photo-oxidative aging
Hindered amine light stabilizer	41556-26-7	B134649	Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate	≥95% (GC), sum of monoester and diester	Used in research on weatherability, chalking resistance, and gloss and color retention of polyurethane coatings; commonly used together with UV absorbers in automotive, wood, and industrial protective coating experiments

Note: The above are representative Aladdin products. More product specifications can be searched on the Aladdin website using the product name, CAS number, or catalog number.

References

[1] SpecialChem. Polyurethane Coatings: How to Formulate Them? SpecialChem, 2026.

[2] Covestro AG. Bayhydrol® PU Dispersions. Product Information, Covestro AG.

[3] Covestro AG. High-Performance Raw Materials for Wood Coatings. Technical Brochure, Covestro AG.

[4] Lubrizol Advanced Materials. Sancure™ Polyurethanes. Product Information, Lubrizol.

[5] Covestro AG. Flooring: Polyurethane Coatings. Application Information, Covestro AG.

[6] Jiang, B.; Li, X.; Chen, X.; et al. Soft Feel Material Coatings on the Surface of Plastic Products and Their Application Prospects in the Popular Fields: A Review. Coatings, 2024, 14(6), 748.

[7] Covestro AG. Soft Touch Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings: Control of Optic and Haptic Properties. White Paper, Covestro AG.

[8] BASF. Automotive and Transportation Coatings. Product and Application Information, BASF.

[9] BASF. JONCRYL® RPD 950 AC/P. Product Information, BASF.

[10] Covestro AG. Solventborne Coatings & Paints. Technology Information, Covestro AG.

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