Metformin hydrochloride - 10mM in DMSO , Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, CAS No.1115-70-4, Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor

CAS: 1115-70-4 Cat. No.: M420625 Molecular Weight: 165.62 Beilstein Registry Number: 4(4)227 EC Number: 214-230-6
AVAILABLE TO ORDER
GRADE & PURITY 10mM in DMSO
Synonyms
Metformin hydrochloride|1115-70-4|Metformin HCL|1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride|Glucophage|Diabefagos|Riomet|Benofomin|Fortamet|Siamformet|Walaphage|Meguan|Denkaform|Diaberit|Diabesin|Diabetex|Diabetmin|Diaformin|Diaphage|Diformin|Glibomet|Glucofago|G
Storage
Store at -80°C
Shipped In
Dry ice packs + Cold packs
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Size
Status
Price
Qty
1ml
M420625-1ml
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Why this grade

10mM in DMSO for sensitive chromatographic and analytical workflows requiring minimal baseline interference.

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Storage & shipping

Store at -80°C Ships Dry ice packs + Cold packs Check lot-specific COA for exact specifications.

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Quality documents

SDS, COA, datasheet, and spec sheet available for download. Lot-specific COA accessible via lot number lookup.

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Literature proof

Cited in 88 peer-reviewed publications across chromatography, organic synthesis, and cross-coupling reactions.

Overview

1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (metformin) is a strong base. It forms well defined salts and possessing excellent coordination capacity with transition metals, forming highly colored bidentate chelate complexes. Metformin (MET) exists in various forms: diprotonated (H2MET)2+ in strong acidic solution, monoprotonated (HMET)+ in weak acid, MET in neutral and deprotonated (MET)- in strong alkali solution. It is an oral antidiabetic drug. Pharmacokinetics of metformin has been studied. Determination of metformin in human plasma has been described by simple HPLC-UV method. Metformin is reported to increase plasma active Glukagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans.

Specifications

Synonyms
Metformin hydrochloride | 1115-70-4 | Metformin HCL | 1, 1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride | Glucophage | Diabefagos | Riomet | Benofomin | Fortamet | Siamformet | Walaphage | Meguan | Denkaform | Diaberit | Diabesin | Diabetex | Diabetmin | Diaformin | Diaphage | Diformin | Glibomet | Glucofago | G
Specifications & Purity
10mM in DMSO
Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms
Metformin is an antidiabetic agent that reduces blood glucose levels and improves insulin sensitivity. Its metabolic effects, including the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, are mediated at least in part by activation of the LKB1-AMPK (AMP-activated
Storage
Store at -80°C
Shipped In
Dry ice packs + Cold packs
This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.
Action Type
INHIBITOR
Mechanism of action
Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor
Names and Identifiers
Canonical SmilesCN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.Cl
IUPAC Name3-(diaminomethylidene)-1,1-dimethylguanidine;hydrochloride
InChIKeyOETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
INCHI1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H
Isomeric SMILES CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.Cl
WGK Germany 3
RTECS DU1800000
Molecular Weight 165.62
Beilstein 4(4)227
Reaxy-Rn 19872484
Reaxys-RN_link_address https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=19872484&ln=

Documentation

📋 Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Comprehensive hazard, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance document.

Download SDS →

✅ Certificate of Analysis (COA)

Lot-specific quality data. Enter your lot number to retrieve the exact COA.

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📊 Datasheet

Quick-reference summary of product specifications and applications.

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🔬 Specification Sheet

Full quality attributes and acceptance criteria for this grade.

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Advanced Data

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomy Tree

KingdomOrganic compounds
SuperclassOrganic nitrogen compounds
ClassOrganonitrogen compounds
SubclassGuanidines
Intermediate Tree Nodes Not available
Direct ParentBiguanides
Alternative Parents Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds  Carboximidamides  Organopnictogen compounds  Imines  Hydrochlorides  Hydrocarbon derivatives  
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
Substituents Biguanide - Organic 1,3-dipolar compound - Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound - Carboximidamide - Organopnictogen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Hydrochloride - Imine - Aliphatic acyclic compound
DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biguanides. These are organic compounds containing two N-linked guanidines.
External Descriptors Not available
3D Structure
Interactive Chemical Structure Model





Associated Targets(Human)
PRKAA2 Tchem AMP-activated protein kinase, alpha-2 subunit (1328 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
MTOR Tclin Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (13850 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Homo sapiens (32628 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Hs-578T (29457 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HepG2 (196354 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
MDA-MB-231 (73002 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
HTT Tchem Huntingtin (19182 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Liver (3974 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
TDP1 Tchem Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (345557 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
GMNN Tbio Geminin (128009 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLCO1B1 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (2672 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
SLCO1B3 Tchem Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3 (2517 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
RUNX1 Tbio Runt-related transcription factor 1/Core-binding factor subunit beta (7867 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
TARDBP Tchem TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (40113 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Associated Targets(non-human)
ampC Beta-lactamase AmpC (62480 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Streptococcus (3973 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (123386 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Klebsiella pneumoniae (43867 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Staphylococcus aureus (210822 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Acinetobacter baumannii (41033 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Escherichia coli (133304 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Cryptococcus neoformans (21258 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Candida albicans (78123 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Mus musculus (284745 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Streptococcus sp. 'group A' (3417 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
rep Replicase polyprotein 1ab (378 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Kidney (1278 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
ska Streptokinase A (5805 Activities)
Activity TypeRelationActivity valueUnitsAction TypeJournalPubMed IddoiAssay Aladdin ID
Mechanisms of Action
Certificates(CoA,COO,BSE/TSE and Analysis Chart)
C of A & Other Certificates(BSE/TSE, COO):
Analytical Chart:
Chemical and Physical Properties
SensitivityMoisture sensitive.
Melt Point(°C)219-226 °C
Molecular Weight165.620 g/mol
XLogP3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count1
Rotatable Bond Count2
Exact Mass165.078 Da
Monoisotopic Mass165.078 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area91.500 Ų
Heavy Atom Count10
Formal Charge0
Complexity132.000
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
The total count of all stereochemical bonds0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count2
Documents & Articles
Citations of This Product
References
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2. Guang-Li Fu, Qin-Yuan Meng, Yu Chen, Jin-Zhao Xin, Jia-Hui Liu, Wei Dang, Hong-Liang Lu.  (2023)  Metformin exposure altered intestinal microbiota composition and metabolites in amphibian larvae.  ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY,      [PMID:37866109] [10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115617]
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19. Jingmin Liu, Xiaochen Zhu, Liqin Sun, Yonglin Gao.  (2022)  Characterization and anti-diabetic evaluation of sulfated polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis.  Journal of Functional Foods,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jff.2022.105155]
20. Lizhen Qiao, Yuan Tao, Wang Yao, Jieyu Zhao, Yang Yan.  (2022)  A magnetic ionic liquid based vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with back-extraction for the enrichment of fluoroquinolone antibiotics.  JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS,      [PMID:35759827] [10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114903]
21. Xueliang Wang, Zhe Wang, Di Liu, Hao Jiang, Chao Cai, Guoyun Li, Guangli Yu.  (2022)  Canagliflozin Prevents Lipid Accumulation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice With Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease.  Frontiers in Pharmacology,      [PMID:35281938] [10.3389/fphar.2022.839640]
22. Hui Zhou, Yuanyuan Wu, Eunhye Kim, Haibo Pan, Puming He, Bo Li, Yi Charlie Chen, Youying Tu.  (2021)  Simultaneous Tests of Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate as an Anti-Diabetic Drug in Human Hepatoma G2 Cells and Zebrafish (Danio rerio).  Nutrients,  13  (12): (4379).  [PMID:34959930] [10.3390/nu13124379]
23. Xiangyu Meng, Jia Song, Yunfeng Lei, Xuezhong Zhang, Zhixin Chen, Zhuoxuan Lu, Liming Zhang, Zhifei Wang.  (2021)  A metformin-based nanoreactor alleviates hypoxia and reduces ATP for cancer synergistic therapy.  Biomaterials Science,  (22): (7456-7470).  [PMID:34609385] [10.1039/D1BM01303C]
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25. Linlin Yang, Futu Liang, Xiaofang Zhang, Yaodong Jiang, Fang Duan, Liren Li, Fei Ren.  (2021)  Remodeling microenvironment based on MOFs-Hydrogel hybrid system for improving diabetic wound healing.  CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2021.131506]
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46. Jianghui Chen, Jing Xiang, Meiyu Zhou, Rongfeng Huang, Jianxin Zhang, Yuanting Cui, Xiaoqing Jiang, Yang Li, Runchao Zhou, Haoran Xin, Jie Li, Lihua Li, Sin Man Lam, Jianfang Zhu, Yanxiu Chen, Qingyuan Yang, Zhifu Xie, Guanghou Shui, Fang Deng, Zhihui Zhang, Min-Dian Li.  (2025)  Dietary timing enhances exercise by modulating fat-muscle crosstalk via adipocyte AMPKα2 signaling.  Cell Metabolism,      [PMID:40088888] [10.1016/j.cmet.2025.02.007]
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48. Jin Cui, Gongzheng Wang, Li Xian Yip, Mengzhen Dong, Mengyao Mu, Liya Tian, Yuan Gao, Qing Fan, Qiang Zhu, Xinya Zhao, Xueli Xu, David Tai Leong, Xiao Sun.  (2024)  Enhanced Ferritin-Manganese Interaction by Nanoplatinum Growth Enabling Liver Fibrosis 3D Magnetic Resonance Visualization and Synergistic Therapy with Real-Time Monitoring.  ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS,      [PMID:] [10.1002/adfm.202410748]
49. Mingjia Feng, Yan Li, Yanfang Sun, Tianqi Liu, Khaydar E Yunusov, Guohua Jiang.  (2024)  Integration of metformin-loaded MIL-100(Fe) into hydrogel microneedles for prolonged regulation of blood glucose levels.  Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express,  10  (4): (045004).  [PMID:38670077] [10.1088/2057-1976/ad43f0]
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52. Xia Hong, Tai Xue-jiao, Cheng Wang, Wu Yi, He Dan, Wang Li-feng, Liu Hao, Zhang Shen-yi, Sun Yu-ting, Liu Hang-zhi, Liu Dan-dan, Zhao Hu-zi, Ji Fu-yun, Li Xi-hua.  (2025)  Metformin inhibits the growth of SCLC cells by inducing autophagy and apoptosis via the suppression of EGFR and AKT signalling.  Scientific Reports,  15  (1): (1-15).  [PMID:39971923] [10.1038/s41598-025-87537-z]
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54. Yingjuan Zhou, Jiaxin Yang, Yan Li, Xin Shu, Yucen Cai, Ping Xu, Wenyan Huang, Zhangyou Yang, Rong Li.  (2024)  Multifunctional nanocomposites mediated novel hydrogel for diabetic wound repair.  Journal of Materials Chemistry B,      [PMID:38502068] [10.1039/D3TB02283H]
55. Hui-Min Qin, Zheng-Kang Luo, Hui-Ling Zhou, Jin Zhu, Xin-Yi Xiao, Yang Xiao, Tao Zhuang, Gui-Sen Zhang.  (2024)  Novel drug-drug salt crystals of metformin with ibuprofen or naproxen: Improved solubility, dissolution rate, and synergistic antinociceptive effects.  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS,      [PMID:38626845] [10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124126]
56. Yufeng Dai, Jinxiang Chen, Jialong Fang, Shuxiao Liang, Hao Zhang, Haitao Li, Wei Chen.  (2024)  Piperlongumine, a natural alkaloid from Piper longum L. ameliorates metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by antagonizing the thromboxane A2 receptor.  BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY,      [PMID:39236933] [10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116518]
57. Yaping Chen, Qiuqi Wen, Meng Lin, Bing Yang, Liang Feng, Xiaobin Jia.  (2024)  Scientific Validation of Using Active Constituent as Research Focus in Traditional Chinese Medicine: Case Study of Pueraria lobata Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes.  Pharmaceuticals,  17  (12): (1675).  [PMID:39770517] [10.3390/ph17121675]
58. Zhuting Yang, Xuezhang Shi, Liyan Qiu.  (2024)  Tunable supramolecular self-assemblies based on cyclodextrin polymer as a loading platform for water-soluble drugs.  CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS,      [PMID:39486972] [10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122743]
59. Chunlan Yan, Zhihao Zhang, Liqun Ma, Xinyi Xu, Muhammad Azhar, Xianju Huang, Jianxun Shi, Jun Li.  (2024)  Veratrilla baillonii Franch alleviate the symptoms of diabetes in type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.  Food Science and Human Wellness,      [PMID:] [10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250116]
60. Benyou Zhang, Likun Ren, Yilin Lu, Zongji Wang, Guilin Zhang, Zhongwei Liu, Yuping Wang, Fenglan Zhu, Xuepeng Li, Yang Jiang, Zhiteng Liu, Fangchao Cui, Dangfeng Wang, Tingting Li, Jianrong Li.  (2025)  Novel antioxidative and hypoglycemic collagen peptides from Apostichopus japonicus: in silico preparation, functional mechanism, and structure–activity relationship study.  FOOD CHEMISTRY,      [PMID:40752432] [10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145695]
61. Songli Zhou, Zhaoyi Chen, Xia Li, Feifan Yue, Lixin Ma, Shuai Zhao, Fei Wang, Jingwen Luo.  (2025)  Metformin-based internally charged nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery with injection-matched efficacy.  MATERIALS & DESIGN,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114484]
62. Sun Yuan-dong, Zhang Hao, Gong Xiao-long, Li Yuan-min, Han Ruiqin, Zhou Chun-xiao, Han Jian-jun.  (2025)  Multiomics reveals metformin’s dual role in gut microbiome remodeling and hepatic metabolic reprogramming for MAFLD intervention.  Scientific Reports,  15  (1): (1-23).  [PMID:40594788] [10.1038/s41598-025-07557-7]
63. Xihua Yu, Yurong Zhao, Yi Wang, Liuruolan Li, Wenwei Lu, Wenjun Wu, Hongchao Wang.  (2025)  Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCFM1386 relieved prediabetes symptoms by modulating gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in mice.  Food Bioscience,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107473]
64. Han Zhang, Shuqing Chen, Guodong Zhang, Yongbin Wang, Zichen Cui, Fei Chen, Yukun Du, Guanghui Gu, Tianyu Bai, Changlin Lv, Wenkang Yang, Shiqi Xu, Jianwei Guo, Weiqing Kong, Yongming Xi.  (2025)  Spatiotemporally-graded BHP/G@met scaffold system enables sequential angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling for accelerated bone regeneration.  CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2025.168177]
65. Rangrang Fan, Di Chuan, Zhiyong Liu, Hongxu Chen, Caili Chen, Gang Guo, Jianguo Xu.  (2023)  Antioxidant MnO2 nanozymes-encapsulated hydrogel synergistically regulate the spinal ROS microenvironment and promote spinal cord repair.  CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2023.147148]
66. Rangrang Fan, Linrui Cai, Hao Liu, Hongxu Chen, Caili Chen, Gang Guo, Jianguo Xu.  (2023)  Enhancing metformin-induced tumor metabolism destruction by glucose oxidase for triple-combination therapy.  Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis,      [PMID:38618243] [10.1016/j.jpha.2023.09.015]
67. Lei Huan-Qing, Li Dong-Mei, Woo Meng-Wai, Zeng Xin-An, Han Zhong, Wang Ruo-Yong.  (2022)  The antihyperglycemic effect of pulsed electric field-extracted polysaccharide of Kaempferia elegans officinale on streptozotocin induced diabetic mice.  Frontiers in Nutrition,      [PMID:36570142] [10.3389/fnut.2022.1053811]
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69. Xiangjun Wei, Renlu Han, Yun Gao, Pengxin Song, Zhen Guo, Yafei Hou, Jiancheng Yu, Keqi Tang.  (2024)  Boosting Energy Deprivation by Synchronous Interventions of Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation for Bioenergetic Therapy Synergetic with Chemodynamic/Photothermal Therapy.  Advanced Science,      [PMID:38489668] [10.1002/advs.202401738]
70. Hui Zhang, Junfeng Hui, Jing Yang, Jianjun Deng, Daidi Fan.  (2020)  Eurocristatine, a plant alkaloid from Eurotium cristatum, alleviates insulin resistance in db/db diabetic mice via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,      [PMID:32946868] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173557]
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73. Zhi-Hao Wang, Xuejiao Zeng, Shuhao Zhang, Hailong Li, Jianchao Zhou, Yefei Yang, Wanting Huang, Fengqin Zhao, Zhongyang Liu, Junjie Liu, Yurong Hu, Jinjin Shi.  (2025)  Acoustic-Magnetic Responsive Nanomotor Augments Oral Drug Delivery by Gastrointestinal Site Navigation and Mucus Layer Penetration.  ACS Nano,      [PMID:40299707] [10.1021/acsnano.4c07866]
74. Wenxian Chen, Tongzhu Jin, Yilin Xie, Changsheng Zhong, Huiying Gao, Lei Zhang, Jin Ju, Ting Cheng, Mengyang Li, Huifang Wang, Zhenbo Yang, Qin Deng, Zhimin Du, Haihai Liang.  (2025)  Berberine partially ameliorates cardiolipotoxicity in diabetic cardiomyopathy by modulating SIRT3-mediated lipophagy to remodel lipid droplets homeostasis.  BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,      [PMID:40222752] [10.1111/bph.70035]
75. Lingjie Meng, Huijing Lv, Anli Liu, Qian Cao, Xinyi Du, Chengjin Li, Qinggui Li, Qingqing Luo, Yi Xiao.  (2025)  Albiflorin inhibits inflammation to improve liver fibrosis by targeting the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in mice.  Frontiers in Pharmacology,      [PMID:40371331] [10.3389/fphar.2025.1577201]
76. Peiliang Zhong, Yuyue Zhao, Hao Cui, Guowang Cheng, Linze Xia, Zhen Tian, Wei Liu, Jiaxin Wu, Jiaxian Yu, Xinyi Peng, Guangtao Yu, Dandan Ma.  (2025)  Biomimetic photosynthesis nanoreactors based thylakoid synergy with metformin for reversing tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment therapy.  CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2025.163368]
77. Ziyang Wang, Qinqin Ouyang, Xiaolin Liang, Hongxia Li, Haiying Guo, Rong Liu.  (2025)  Morus alba L. Polysaccharide as an mTORC1-targeting agent against type 2 diabetes.  Journal of Agriculture and Food Research,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102411]
78. Liu Yang, Wang Duan, Zheng Wenqian, Wang Yuxuan, Wang Peiyu, Zhao Yuping, Liu Xiaofan, Shi Yaru, Wang Yi, Zhou Na, González Fermín E., Sun Hongchen, Zhou Ding, Xu Xiaowei.  (2025)  Targeting JAK2 with a multifunctional nanoinhibitor for long-lasting anti-inflammatory effects and bone repair.  JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY,  23  (1): (1-21).  [PMID:41074120] [10.1186/s12951-025-03744-w]
79. Liu Ye, Fan Minxia, Xu Yongbing, Muema Felix Wambua, Chen Guilin, Guo Mingquan.  (2025)  Moringa oleifera ameliorates streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in T2DM rats via gut microbiota.  FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY,      [PMID:41523680] [10.1007/s10068-025-02035-2]
80. Li Jie, Jiang Enhui, Zhang Mengyang, Pan Chuanying, Lei Chuzhao, Han Lin, Lan Xianyong.  (2025)  Phloretin inhibits ferroptosis by restoring the antioxidant capacity of bovine adipose and muscle cells via the AMPK-PPAR signaling pathway.  Stress Biology,  (1): (74).  [PMID:41354995] [10.1007/s44154-025-00263-4]
81. Jiaming Yi, Zhengtao Li, Xuezhu Han, Jingpeng Li, Haotian Liu, Lin Zhu, Meizhen Wang.  (2025)  Metformin drives the antibiotic resistome in activated sludge by reshaping microbial communities and promoting horizontal gene transfer.  JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS,      [PMID:41448087] [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140887]
82. Wenbo Gong, Xueke Lu, Siying Weng.  (2025)  Jiangtang Decoction for Type 2 Diabetes and NAFLD: Integrative Analysis via Network Pharmacology, Mendelian Randomization, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Validation.  Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets,  26  (1): (E18715303424915).  [PMID:40873177] [10.2174/0118715303424915250818045151]
83. Suwen Liu, Wenhong Jiang, Hanchen Li, Xuli Wang, Jiancheng Ma, Lina Dong.  (2025)  Lonicera caerulea Berry Polyphenols Regulate Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats With Type 2 Diabetes by Activating SIRT1 Expression in Macrophages and Reducing Foaming.  Food Frontiers,  (1): (e70204).  [PMID:] [10.1002/fft2.70204]
84. Cheng-Lei Li, Feng-Ming Li, Ke-Ke Feng, Yong-Shan Hu, Yi-Fan Tu, Shi-Cheng Tian, Zhen-Hua Liu, Jing-Wei Shao.  (2026)  Combining Lactate Oxidase and Metformin in Cancer Cell Membrane-Biomimetic Liposomes for Synergistic Ferroptosis Induction and Hypoxia-Alleviated Cancer Therapy.  COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES,      [PMID:41534499] [10.1016/j.colsurfb.2026.115420]
85. Mohamed Rasha, Hussein Mohammed, El Tamany El Sayed, Mostafa Nasser, Abbas Ahmed.  (2026)  Diosgenin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles Mitigate Obesity-Related Metabolic Dysfunction: an Integrative Analysis of Biochemical, Transcriptional, and Molecular Docking Evidence.  Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation,  21  (2): (116).  [PMID:] [10.1007/s12247-025-10339-3]
86. Zijun Cao, Jinfeng Duan, Shan Meng, Zijun Zhou, Yuting Huang, Xin Chen, Jikai Zhao, Tao Huang, Guoxin Zhang, Tong Su, Liming Yu, Zongtao Yin, Huishan Wang.  (2026)  Berberine Reduces Atrial Lipotoxicity and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Alleviate Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)-Associated Atrial Fibrillation via AMPK Signaling.  PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH,      [PMID:41556855] [10.1002/ptr.70193]
87. Donglin Xie, Zhuopeng Liu, Zuo Pu, Jing Liu, Maosen Deng, Jiang Bian, Shuang Guo, Hui Zong, Yong Jiang, Jun Yue, Chang Shu, Zhe Li.  (2026)  Magnetically Controlled Delivery of Injectable Magnetoactive Adhesive Hydrogel for Vascular Repair in the Challenging Blood Environment.  ADVANCED MATERIALS,      [PMID:41656779] [10.1002/adma.202523024]
88. Xiao Boren, Kong Lingce, Yang Jinxing, Xu Yong, Yu Liang, Qi Lihong.  (2026)  Efficient degradation of a sulfur mustard simulant by a hydrogen peroxide/guanidine system: mechanism and performance.  ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH,  48  (6): (255).  [PMID:] [10.1007/s10653-026-03120-z]
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