Forskolin - Moligand™, ≥98% , CAS No.66575-29-9

CAS: 66575-29-9 Cat. No.: F127328 Molecular Weight: 410.5 Beilstein Registry Number: 1692720 EC Number: 266-410-9

GRADE & PURITY Moligand™, ≥98%

Synonyms

BDBM50010261 | MLS001333256 | SMP1_000128 | DTXSID8040484 | NSC 357088 | (3R,4aR,5S,6S,6aS,10S,10aR,10bS)-Dodecahydro-5,6,10,10b-tetrahydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-3-vinyl-1H-naphtho(2,1-b)pyran-1-one 5-acetate | colforsina | NCGC00024996-05 | 1F7A44V6

Storage

Protected from light,Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

Overview

Forskolin is a ubiquitous activator of eukaryotic adenylyl cyclase (AC), commonly used to raise levels of cAMP in the study and research of cell physiology.
An adenylate cyclase activator and MAP kinase inhibitor

Specifications

Synonyms

BDBM50010261 | MLS001333256 | SMP1_000128 | DTXSID8040484 | NSC 357088 | (3R, 4aR, 5S, 6S, 6aS, 10S, 10aR, 10bS)-Dodecahydro-5, 6, 10, 10b-tetrahydroxy-3, 4a, 7, 7, 10a-pentamethyl-3-vinyl-1H-naphtho(2, 1-b)pyran-1-one 5-acetate | colforsina | NCGC00024996-05 | 1F7A44V6

Specifications & Purity

Moligand™, ≥98%

Biochemical and Physiological Mechanisms

Forskolin is a diterpenoid isolated from Coleus forskohlii, interacts directly with the catalytic subunit of A cyclase (adenylate cyclase), activating the enzyme and raising intracellular levels of cAMP. Forskolin is cell permeable and active in vivo prod

Storage

Protected from light, Store at -20°C

Shipped In

Ice chest + Ice pads

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Grade

Moligand™

Note

Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20°C. Generally, these will be useable for up to one month. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour. Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please visit our frequently asked questions (FAQ) page for more details.

Purity

≥98%

Names and Identifiers

• Pubchem Sid: 504753649
• Pubchem Sid Url: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/504753649
• Canonical Smiles: CC(=O)OC1C(C2C(CCC(C2(C3(C1(OC(CC3=O)(C)C=C)C)O)C)O)(C)C)O
• IUPAC Name: [(3R,4aR,5S,6S,6aS,10S,10aR,10bS)-3-ethenyl-6,10,10b-trihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-5-yl] acetate
• InChIKey: OHCQJHSOBUTRHG-KGGHGJDLSA-N
• INCHI: 1S/C22H34O7/c1-8-19(5)11-14(25)22(27)20(6)13(24)9-10-18(3,4)16(20)15(26)17(28-12(2)23)21(22,7)29-19/h8,13,15-17,24,26-27H,1,9-11H2,2-7H3/t13-,15-,16-,17-,19-,20-,21+,22-/m0/s1
• Isomeric SMILES: CC(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@]([C@H](CCC2(C)C)O)([C@@]3([C@@]1(O[C@@](CC3=O)(C)C=C)C)O)C)O
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: QL6150000
• Molecular Weight: 410.5
• Beilstein: 1692720
• Reaxy-Rn: 8940142
• Reaxys-RN_link_address: https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=8940142&ln=

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomy Tree

• Kingdom Organic compounds
  • Superclass Lipids and lipid-like molecules
    • Class Prenol lipids
      • Subclass Triterpenoids

• Kingdom: Organic compounds
• Superclass: Lipids and lipid-like molecules
• Class: Prenol lipids
• Subclass: Triterpenoids
• Intermediate Tree Nodes: Not available
• Direct Parent: Triterpenoids
• Alternative Parents: Naphthopyrans Naphthalenes Pyrans Oxanes Tertiary alcohols Secondary alcohols Ketones Cyclic alcohols and derivatives Carboxylic acid esters Polyols Oxacyclic compounds Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Dialkyl ethers Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives
• Molecular Framework: Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds
• Substituents: Polycyclic triterpenoid - Triterpenoid - Naphthopyran - Naphthalene - Pyran - Oxane - Cyclic alcohol - Tertiary alcohol - Carboxylic acid ester - Ketone - Secondary alcohol - Carboxylic acid derivative - Dialkyl ether - Ether - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Oxacycle - Organoheterocyclic compound - Polyol - Carbonyl group - Hydrocarbon derivative - Alcohol - Organic oxygen compound - Organic oxide - Organooxygen compound - Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
• Description: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as triterpenoids. These are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units.
• External Descriptors: Labdane and halimane diterpenoids

Data sources

1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.

DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y

Associated Targets(Human)

RXFP1 Tchem Relaxin receptor 1 (1 Activities)

Discover Target: RXFP1

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

ADCY8 Tchem Adenylate cyclase type 8 (1 Activities)

Discover Target: ADCY8

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

ADCY1 Tchem Adenylate cyclase type 1 (2 Activities)

Discover Target: ADCY1

Activity Type	Activity Value -log(M)	Mechanism of Action	Activity Reference	Publications (PubMed IDs)

ESR1 Tclin Estrogen receptor alpha (17718 Activities)

Discover Target: ESR1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

NR3C1 Tclin Glucocorticoid receptor (14987 Activities)

Discover Target: NR3C1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PGR Tclin Progesterone receptor (8562 Activities)

Discover Target: PGR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRB2 Tclin Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (11824 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRB2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHRM2 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (10671 Activities)

Discover Target: CHRM2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRB1 Tclin Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (6630 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRB1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR1A Tclin Serotonin 1a (5-HT1a) receptor (14969 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR1A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA2A Tclin Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor (9450 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA2A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AR Tclin Androgen Receptor (11781 Activities)

Discover Target: AR

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHRM1 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (12690 Activities)

Discover Target: CHRM1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DRD2 Tclin Dopamine D2 receptor (23596 Activities)

Discover Target: DRD2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GABRA1 Tclin GABA receptor alpha-1 subunit (399 Activities)

Discover Target: GABRA1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

MAOA Tclin Monoamine oxidase A (11911 Activities)

Discover Target: MAOA

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CNR1 Tclin Cannabinoid CB1 receptor (20913 Activities)

Discover Target: CNR1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ACHE Tclin Acetylcholinesterase (18204 Activities)

Discover Target: ACHE

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PTGS1 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-1 (9233 Activities)

Discover Target: PTGS1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLC6A2 Tclin Norepinephrine transporter (10102 Activities)

Discover Target: SLC6A2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR2A Tclin Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor (14758 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR2A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR2C Tclin Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor (11471 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR2C

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AVPR2 Tclin Vasopressin V2 receptor (2912 Activities)

Discover Target: AVPR2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADORA1 Tclin Adenosine A1 receptor (17603 Activities)

Discover Target: ADORA1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AGTR1 Tclin Type-1 angiotensin II receptor (5176 Activities)

Discover Target: AGTR1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLC6A4 Tclin Serotonin transporter (12625 Activities)

Discover Target: SLC6A4

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA1A Tclin Alpha-1a adrenergic receptor (8359 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA1A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PTGS2 Tclin Cyclooxygenase-2 (13999 Activities)

Discover Target: PTGS2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HRH1 Tclin Histamine H1 receptor (7573 Activities)

Discover Target: HRH1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

OPRM1 Tclin Mu opioid receptor (19785 Activities)

Discover Target: OPRM1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

DRD3 Tclin Dopamine D3 receptor (14368 Activities)

Discover Target: DRD3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PPARG Tclin Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (15191 Activities)

Discover Target: PPARG

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

AVPR1A Tclin Vasopressin V1a receptor (5412 Activities)

Discover Target: AVPR1A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

OPRD1 Tclin Delta opioid receptor (15096 Activities)

Discover Target: OPRD1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

OPRK1 Tclin Kappa opioid receptor (16155 Activities)

Discover Target: OPRK1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR3A Tclin Serotonin 3a (5-HT3a) receptor (3366 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR3A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLC6A3 Tclin Dopamine transporter (10535 Activities)

Discover Target: SLC6A3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

GRIN1 Tclin Glutamate (NMDA) receptor subunit zeta 1 (122 Activities)

Discover Target: GRIN1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

KCNH2 Tclin HERG (29587 Activities)

Discover Target: KCNH2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CACNA1C Tclin Voltage-gated L-type calcium channel alpha-1C subunit (766 Activities)

Discover Target: CACNA1C

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PDE3A Tclin Phosphodiesterase 3A (3309 Activities)

Discover Target: PDE3A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SLC29A1 Tclin Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (1711 Activities)

Discover Target: SLC29A1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA2B Tclin Alpha-2b adrenergic receptor (4412 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA2B

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADRA2C Tclin Alpha-2c adrenergic receptor (4876 Activities)

Discover Target: ADRA2C

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHRM3 Tclin Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (7750 Activities)

Discover Target: CHRM3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HTR2B Tclin Serotonin 2b (5-HT2b) receptor (10323 Activities)

Discover Target: HTR2B

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

TBXA2R Tclin Thromboxane A2 receptor (5717 Activities)

Discover Target: TBXA2R

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

EDNRA Tclin Endothelin receptor ET-A (5008 Activities)

Discover Target: EDNRA

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADORA2A Tclin Adenosine A2a receptor (16305 Activities)

Discover Target: ADORA2A

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADORA3 Tchem Adenosine A3 receptor (15931 Activities)

Discover Target: ADORA3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

BDKRB2 Tclin Bradykinin B2 receptor (3970 Activities)

Discover Target: BDKRB2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

HRH3 Tclin Histamine H3 receptor (10389 Activities)

Discover Target: HRH3

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

CHRNA4 Tclin Neuronal acetylcholine receptor protein alpha-4 subunit (1265 Activities)

Discover Target: CHRNA4

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Associated Targets(non-human)

Npy1r Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (8 Activities)

Discover Target: Npy1r

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Cckar Cholecystokinin A receptor (90 Activities)

Discover Target: Cckar

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Pde4d Phosphodiesterase 4D (4 Activities)

Discover Target: Pde4d

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Adcy2 Adenylate cyclase type II (26 Activities)

Discover Target: Adcy2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Abcb1b P-glycoprotein 1 (174 Activities)

Discover Target: Abcb1b

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Hdac6 Histone deacetylase 6 (222 Activities)

Discover Target: Hdac6

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

ADCY1 Adenylate cyclase type I (17 Activities)

Discover Target: ADCY1

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Cavia porcellus (23802 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Canis familiaris (36305 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Felis catus (3858 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mus musculus (284745 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Rattus norvegicus (775804 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

PC-12 (7051 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Vero (26788 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Luciferin 4-monooxygenase (66902 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

rep Replicase polyprotein 1ab (378 Activities)

Discover Target: rep

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

cyaC Adenylate cyclase (6 Activities)

Discover Target: cyaC

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

BCHE Cholinesterase (8742 Activities)

Discover Target: BCHE

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Nfe2l2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (214 Activities)

Discover Target: Nfe2l2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Nr1i2 Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (14 Activities)

Discover Target: Nr1i2

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Scn2a Sodium channel alpha subunits; brain (Types I, II, III) (344 Activities)

Discover Target: Scn2a

Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SARS-CoV-2 (38078 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

SARS-CoV (424 Activities)

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Activity Type	Relation	Activity value	Units	Action Type	Journal	PubMed Id	doi	Assay Aladdin ID

Mechanisms of Action

Chemical and Physical Properties

• Solubility: Soluble in DMSO (5 mg/ml), ethanol, methanol, and Chloroform.Insolule in water.
• Sensitivity: Light sensitive
• Specific Rotation[α]: -17°
• Melt Point(°C): 224.0 to 228.0°C
• Molecular Weight: 410.500 g/mol
• XLogP3: 1.000
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7
• Rotatable Bond Count: 3
• Exact Mass: 410.23 Da
• Monoisotopic Mass: 410.23 Da
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 113.000 Ų
• Heavy Atom Count: 29
• Formal Charge: 0
• Complexity: 747.000
• Isotope Atom Count: 0
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 8
• Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• The total count of all stereochemical bonds: 0
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

References

1. Gao Rongyin, Zhang Ximei, Zou Kun, Meng Duo, Lv Jinpeng.  (2023)  Cryptochrome 1 activation inhibits melanogenesis and melanosome transport through negative regulation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.  Frontiers in Pharmacology,      [PMID:36814484] [10.3389/fphar.2023.1081030]

2. Fangwei Yang, Yixuan Li, Yunfei Xie, Weirong Yao, Fazheng Ren.  (2022)  Diethyl phosphate disrupts hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis endocrine hormones via nuclear receptors GR and Nur77: Integration of evidences from in vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches.  SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,      [PMID:35777568] [10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157015]

3. Ye-ying Jiang, Rong-yun Wei, Kai Tang, Zhen Wang, Ning-hua Tan.  (2022)  Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes neurite growth of retinal ganglion cells through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways.  Journal of Ginseng Research,      [PMID:38465221] [10.1016/j.jgr.2022.05.002]

4. Chenhui Duan, Yanjun Fang, Jingran Sun, Zhenxin Li, Qiangqiang Wang, Jialei Bai, Hui Peng, Jun Liang, Zhixian Gao.  (2020)  Effects of fast food packaging plasticizers and their metabolites on steroid hormone synthesis in H295R cells.  SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,      [PMID:32334352] [10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138500]

5. Minchi Liu, Wenjun Qian, Selvaraj Subramaniyam, Shuang Liu, Wenkuan Xin.  (2020)  Denatonium enhanced the tone of denuded rat aorta via bitter taste receptor and phosphodiesterase activation.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,      [PMID:32006560] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172951]

6. Jinping Wang, Jianmin Wu, Zishen Lin, Ning Ma, Zhaoyue Men, Chao Zhang, Xi Ma, Hongyu Zheng.  (2024)  Dietary sodium butyrate and forskolin promote cell proliferation to resist Citrobacter rodentium infection by lysozyme upregulation.  Journal of Functional Foods,      [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jff.2023.105993]

7. Jing Xia, Xiaoyan Li, Hongyu Zhu, Xiaohui Zhou, Ji Chen, Qihong Li, Shupeng Li, Haichen Chu, Mingxin Dong.  (2024)  The μ-opioid receptor-mediated Gi/o protein and β-arrestin2 signaling pathways both contribute to morphine-induced side effects.  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY,      [PMID:38278466] [10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176333]

8. Shiyan Liu, Xuefeng Zhang, Xin Gong, Jinxin Yu, Tao Lin, Qian Xiang, Xinnian Zeng, Jiali Liu.  (2025)  molecular and pharmacological characterization of the dopamine receptors in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis.  INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,      [PMID:40245998] [10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104312]

9. Haopeng Lin, Xin Liu, Feng Zhang, Deqi Chen, Xiaoxiao Xie, Qifei Dong, Jiawei Yan, Jiaxiang Yin, Zirong Bi, Zhihua Dou, Yingling Jiang, Kuo Jiang, Tongran Zhang, Peng Xue, Wei Peng, Lihua Chen, Tao Xu, Zonghong Li, Yanying Guo, Huisheng Liu.  (2025)  Restoration of PKM1 improves functional maturation of human stem-cell derived-β cell by regulating PEP metabolism.  Nature Communications,      [PMID:41423449] [10.1038/s41467-025-67635-2]

10. Jiang-Meng Wang, Sai Tian, Jing-Yu Duan, Chun-Ping Zhang, Yao-Wu Liu.  (2026)  TAS2R46 activation protects intestinal barrier from chronic high glucose.  BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY,      [PMID:41747779] [10.1016/j.bbi.2026.106516]