GRADE & PURITYMoligand™?Moligand™ — Aladdin's line of ligands and bioactive small molecules. Use for receptor, pathway, and binding studies needing defined small-molecule tools.
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrazolylpyridines. These are compounds containing a pyrazolylpyridine skeleton, which consists of a pyrazole linked (not fused) to a pyridine by a bond.
External Descriptors
Not available
1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.
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Application Protocols
No tested applications or protocols are provided in the Product Data for LY2940094.
Generalized protocol outline for small-molecule screening (for guidance only; adjust to your platform):
Stock preparation: dissolve compound in anhydrous DMSO to 10–50 mM; vortex and, if necessary, sonicate briefly. Verify by LC–MS.
Plate formatting: aliquot stocks into low-binding, sealed source plates to avoid evaporation and moisture uptake. Use acoustic or pin-tool transfer for nL–µL dosing to assay plates.
Assay setup: maintain constant vehicle (% DMSO) across wells. Include positive/negative controls and vehicle controls for Z’ assessment.
Incubation and readout: follow assay SOP. Monitor for compound precipitation or optical interference.
Data handling: fit concentration–response curves (e.g., 4PL), flag outliers, and record lot/stock metadata with raw data.
These steps are general best practices and are not item-specific validations. For authoritative instructions, rely on your internal SOPs and any CoA/SDS details that accompany the product.
Biological Roles
Item-specific biological targets, pathways, and mechanisms for LY2940094 are not provided in the Product Data. Consequently, no claims are made here regarding binding, selectivity, or cellular effects.
General guidance for tool compounds in discovery biology:
Target engagement: confirm direct binding or functional modulation using orthogonal assays (e.g., biochemical activity assay plus biophysical method such as SPR, DSF, MST), with appropriate DMSO-matched controls.
Cell-based work: establish viability windows and off-target profiling as needed; implement dose–response matrices to detect cytotoxicity unrelated to the intended mechanism.
ADME/stability checks: assess chemical stability in assay buffers and microsomal stability if relevant to your studies. Monitor for photolability and hydrolysis where suspected.
Counter-screens: include assays to rule out redox cycling, metal chelation, detergent-like effects, and assay interference (e.g., luciferase inhibition, fluorescence quenching/enhancement).
Documentation:
Capture compound identifiers (SKU L611642, LY2940094), lot, stock concentration, vehicle percentage, assay conditions, and observed potency/efficacy for reproducibility.
Note: For research use only. No medical or clinical claims are made or implied for this product.
Buffer Applications
This product is a small-molecule library member rather than a buffering agent. However, practical buffer-related guidance is relevant for preparing assay-ready solutions (general best practice; not item-specific specifications):
Stock preparation: dissolve in anhydrous DMSO to 10–50 mM as a starting point. Verify solubility visually and by LC–MS/UPLC. Adjust concentration to avoid precipitation upon aqueous dilution.
Working solutions: dilute DMSO stocks into assay buffer (e.g., PBS, HEPES-buffered saline, or cell culture media) to the desired final concentration. Keep final DMSO at or below your assay’s tolerated level (commonly 0.1–1% v/v).
pH considerations: without known pKa, avoid extreme pH. If ionization aids solubility, perform small-scale tests (±0.5–1 pH unit) and monitor compound integrity by LC–MS.
Surfactants: for hydrophobic or aggregation-prone compounds, a minimal amount of nonionic surfactant (e.g., 0.01–0.05% Tween-20 or Pluronic F-68) may improve handling; confirm compatibility with the assay.
Filtration: if particulates persist, pass through a 0.22 µm low-binding filter; check for analyte loss due to adsorption.
Note: No specific buffer recipes or pKa/pH ranges are provided for LY2940094 in the Product Data.
Green Alternatives
Because LY2940094 is a specific small-molecule screening compound rather than a process solvent or commodity reagent, the notion of a “green alternative” typically does not apply.
Sustainability considerations for handling (general best practice):
Prefer lower-toxicity, lower-vapor-pressure vehicles (e.g., DMSO) for stock solutions where assay-compatible.
Minimize use of high-hazard co-solvents (e.g., DMF, NMP) unless necessary for solubility; evaluate ethanol or isopropanol as secondary options when compatible with the assay.
Scale appropriately: prepare only the amount of stock required for near-term studies to reduce waste.
Use microscale, plate-based formats and sealed storage to reduce solvent losses and emissions.
Waste and lifecycle notes:
Consolidate organic solvent waste and follow institutional disposal guidelines.
Where feasible, use analytical methods that minimize sample volume (UPLC over HPLC, microtiter assays over cuvette-based methods) to reduce solvent consumption.
If your objective is to identify greener compounds for a functional role (e.g., solvent, reagent, excipient), consult our solvent/reagent catalog sections where comparative green metrics (EHS, PMI impact) are relevant.
Pharmaceutical Uses
No pharmacopeial status, excipient role, or formulation guidance is provided in the Product Data for LY2940094.
Context and limitations:
This product is supplied for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary use, diagnostic procedures, or as an active pharmaceutical ingredient or excipient.
Without item-specific information on stability, polymorphism, or dose-form compatibility, no formulation recommendations can be made.
General laboratory formulation practices for research (non-clinical):
For in vitro studies, DMSO stock solutions are commonly used and diluted into assay media at low final percentages.
For exploratory in vivo research (where permitted within institutional guidelines), vehicles typically include aqueous buffers with co-solvent systems (e.g., PEG400/saline, Captisol, or minimal ethanol/cremophor), but suitability must be determined by the investigator and institutional oversight; this listing provides no guidance or endorsement.
Compliance reminder:
Researchers are responsible for ensuring that any nonclinical use complies with institutional, local, and national regulations. Consult the SDS and CoA for material characterization and handling information.
Physical Properties
Item-specific physicochemical constants are not included in the Product Data for LY2940094.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Melting point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Boiling point: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Density: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Solubility: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
LogP/logD: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
pKa: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Refractive index: Not applicable for a solid; if liquid, not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
UV/Vis characteristics: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
General guidance (literature/practice, not item-specific):
Library small molecules are commonly reconstituted in anhydrous DMSO at 10–50 mM for screening. Actual solubility may differ; perform a small-scale solubility check.
If aqueous use is required, co-solvent strategies (DMSO→buffer dilution, with optional nonionic surfactant at very low percentages) are typical; confirm compatibility with your assay readout.
Always consult the item’s CoA/Spec Sheet for definitive values required in method validation or regulatory documentation.
Quality & Grades
Grade/Purity for this item: Moligand™ (as listed in Product Data).
What Moligand™ typically implies (general explanation):
Intended for discovery research as a screening ligand or tool compound. Emphasis is placed on identity confirmation and suitability for high-throughput or mechanistic studies rather than preparative synthetic applications.
Lots are commonly qualified by identity (e.g., NMR/LC–MS) and purity by chromatographic methods suited to small molecules used in screening. Exact test methods and acceptance criteria are item-specific and should be confirmed in the CoA/Spec Sheet.
Item-specific notes:
Stated purity value, residual solvent limits, water/peroxide/metal content, and stabilizers are not provided in the Product Data. Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance and any dye/indicator content are not listed. Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Recommendations for users:
Request and review the CoA for your lot prior to assay deployment, particularly if your application is sensitive to impurities (e.g., fluorescence assays, electrophysiology, or mass spectrometry readouts).
If using for quantitative biology, perform an independent potency/response qualification in your specific assay to confirm expected behavior and to detect potential lot-to-lot differences.
For reference and reproducibility, capture the SKU (L611642), product name (LY2940094), lot number, and any internal reformatting steps (e.g., DMSO stock concentration) in your ELN.
Reaction & Applications
This product is supplied as a Moligand™ small-molecule screening compound. It is intended for discovery research and assay use rather than as a synthetic reagent. No specific reactivity or application claims are provided in the Product Data.
Practical research applications (general, non-item-specific):
Chemical biology: use as a tool compound candidate in target engagement, phenotypic screens, or SAR exploration, contingent on your internal knowledge of LY2940094.
Assay development: reference compound in pilot screens to benchmark dynamic range, Z’ factor, and compound handling workflows.
Mechanistic studies: if a known target is associated within your organization, apply in dose–response, time-course, and washout experiments; verify identity/purity by LC–MS prior to critical studies.
Not typically used for: classical synthetic transformations (e.g., cross-couplings, oxidations, reductions). Without structural information, no named-reaction guidance can be provided for this item.
Tips for use (general best practice):
Prepare fresh DMSO stocks or confirm stability by LC–MS/UPLC over the expected usage window.
Avoid repeated freeze–thaw of stock vials by aliquoting.
Confirm absence of aggregation/colloids in biophysical assays (e.g., add low % detergent where compatible, use control assays to detect PAINS-like behavior).
Reaction Conditions
Not applicable in the conventional sense: LY2940094 is intended as a screening/tool compound, not a synthetic reagent. The Product Data provide no structural or reactivity information to support recommended chemical reaction conditions.
Assay preparation conditions (general best practice; not item-specific specifications):
Stock solutions: prepare in anhydrous DMSO (typical 10–50 mM) under dry, ambient conditions. Confirm complete dissolution.
Handling: minimize exposure to moisture and light during weighing and dissolution. Use amber vials for light-sensitive compounds (if sensitivity is suspected or known internally).
Working concentrations: establish dose–response curves spanning ≥8–10 points, with duplicate or triplicate wells, maintaining constant vehicle percentage across conditions.
Stability checks: verify short-term stability in assay buffer at intended temperature and time scale (e.g., 4–24 h at room temperature or 37°C) by LC–MS.
Note: For any true chemical transformation involving this compound (e.g., derivatization), you must rely on the full structural information and your internal development data. This listing offers no reaction-condition guidance for such purposes.
Safety & Handling
Safety details specific to LY2940094 are not listed in the Product Data.
GHS classification: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
Signal word/Pictograms/H-statements: Not specified for this item; refer to SDS.
General laboratory precautions (best practice; defer to SDS):
Handle in a fume hood to avoid inhalation exposure to dust/aerosols.
Wear appropriate PPE: lab coat, safety glasses, and chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile). Avoid skin/eye contact and ingestion.
Prevent dust generation; use antistatic measures when weighing fine powders.
If dissolved in DMSO or other solvents, note that dermal uptake can be enhanced by the solvent; maintain glove integrity and avoid spills.
First aid (overview; consult SDS): in case of contact, rinse affected area with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists. If inhaled, move to fresh air; if ingested, rinse mouth and seek medical advice.
Storage incompatibilities (general):
Keep separate from strong oxidizers and strong acids/bases unless compatibility is known.
For solution stocks, avoid prolonged exposure to heat, light, and moisture.
Waste disposal:
Dispose of unused material and contaminated consumables as chemical waste per institutional and local regulations. Do not discharge to drains.
Authoritative source: Always consult the supplier Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for LY2940094 before first use.
Solvent Selection
Item-specific solubility is not provided. The guidance below reflects common practice for small-molecule screening compounds (general literature/practice; not item-specific specifications).
Primary solvent for stocks: Anhydrous DMSO is typically preferred due to broad solvency and biocompatibility in assays at low final percentages (often ≤0.1–1% v/v). Begin with 10 mM; adjust upward only after confirming solubility and assay tolerance.
Secondary options: DMF, NMP, ethanol, or isopropanol can be explored if DMSO solubility is limited, with careful consideration of assay interference and material compatibility.
Aqueous use: Employ co-solvent dilution (e.g., DMSO stock into buffered saline or culture medium) while monitoring for precipitation. Gentle warming and brief sonication can aid dissolution; filter through low-protein-binding 0.22 µm filters if compatible.
pH effects: Without pKa/ionization information, avoid aggressive pH adjustments. If pH tuning is necessary, perform small-scale titrations and verify stability by LC–MS.
Comparison (general):
DMSO: widest solvency, good stability, compatible with most biochemical assays at low %.
Ethanol/IPA: volatile, easier removal, but narrower solvency and potential assay effects above ~1%.
DMF/NMP: strong solvency but higher toxicity concerns; limit assay exposure and ensure material compatibility.
Always verify solubility and stability empirically for your lot and application.
Storage & Reconstitution
Storage conditions (as provided in Product Data for this item): Room temperature.
Shipped in: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Appearance: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Reconstitution (general best practice; not item-specific specifications):
Solvent: Use anhydrous DMSO as the primary solvent for stock solutions unless your internal data indicate a preferred vehicle.
Concentration: Start at 10 mM; increase only after confirming full solubility and assay tolerance.
Technique: Weigh quickly to minimize moisture uptake. Add solvent in small increments with vortexing; apply brief sonication or gentle warming if needed. Avoid prolonged heating.
Filtration: If particulates persist, filter through a 0.22 µm low-binding membrane.
Stock handling:
Aliquot into inert, airtight, preferably amber vials or plate wells to limit moisture and light exposure.
For solution stocks, many labs store at −20°C to extend stability; verify your compound’s stability profile before deviating. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw by using single-use aliquots.
Stability/retention samples:
Establish a stability check (e.g., LC–MS at initial, 1 week, 1 month) under your storage conditions. Document lot number, preparation date, concentration, and vehicle.
Always defer to the product’s CoA and SDS for any item-specific storage, handling, or reconstitution instructions.
Structure & Identity
Brief overview: This listing is for a small-molecule screening compound sold under the internal code name LY2940094. Item-specific structural identifiers are not fully disclosed in the Product Data.
Category: Small molecule/compound library member (screening ligand)
Molecular formula: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
Molecular weight: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
SMILES: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.
InChIKey: 241006 (provided as-is in Product Data; not a standard-length InChIKey)
CAS: L611642 (provided as-is in Product Data; not a standard CAS format)
Structural features (general note):
Specific ring systems, functional groups, and stereochemistry are not provided in the Product Data for this item. If your work requires unambiguous structural identifiers, please request the CoA/Spec Sheet from Aladdin Scientific or match against your internal database for LY2940094.
2D structure description (general):
Not available from the provided Product Data. No structural diagram or line notation is supplied in this listing.
Important: Where structure-driven properties (e.g., logP, pKa) are essential to your application, verify against the official specification/CoA prior to method development.
Synthetic Utility
This item is offered as a Moligand™ screening compound rather than a building block or reagent. The Product Data do not disclose structure or functional groups; consequently, no specific synthetic reactivity, protection strategies, or named-reaction compatibility can be provided for LY2940094.
General notes for advanced users (non-item-specific):
If you possess the structure internally, evaluate functional group profile to anticipate sensitivity to acids/bases, oxidants/reductants, and light. Confirm stability under any planned derivatization by LC–MS and NMR.
For analog synthesis or SAR expansion, consider modular routes enabling late-stage diversification (e.g., cross-coupling handles, amide couplings, or SuFEx motifs) if compatible with the known scaffold. These considerations are outside the scope of this catalog entry and require structural knowledge.
Practical recommendation:
Use the compound as supplied for biological screening. For synthetic manipulations or conjugations, obtain the full structural specification and conduct feasibility/pilot studies before scale-up.
If you require a reagent-grade precursor or functionalized intermediate instead, explore Aladdin’s catalog of building blocks where specifications and functional handles are fully disclosed.
Target Specificity
Target information is not provided in the Product Data for LY2940094. No claims are made regarding molecular targets, selectivity, species cross-reactivity, or binding epitopes.
Antibody/biologic metadata (clone, isotype, antigen, species reactivity) are not applicable to this small-molecule product.
User guidance:
If LY2940094 corresponds to a known target within your program, document the target identity, assay type, and controls in your internal records. Confirm activity with orthogonal assays and quantify selectivity using a relevant panel.
For catalog-level transparency, please refer to the CoA/Spec Sheet or contact Aladdin Scientific if item-specific target annotations become available.
Need help choosing the grade?
Our grade selection guide covers purity, stabilizer status, and application suitability for all variants in our catalog.
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