Gallium (Ga) — Element 31: Properties & Data | Aladdin Scientific
Gallium(Ga) — Element 31
Gallium (Ga) is a post-transition metal with atomic number 31 and atomic mass 69.723. It has melting point 302.91 K (30 °C), boiling point 2477 K (2204 °C), density 5.91 g/cm³. It sits in group 13 and period 4 of the periodic table and was discovered in 1875.
Key facts
| Atomic mass | 69.7230 u |
|---|---|
| Electron configuration | [Ar]4s2 3d10 4p1 |
| Oxidation states | +3 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.81 |
| Atomic radius (van der Waals) | 187 pm |
| Ionization energy | 5.999 eV |
| Electron affinity | 0.3 eV |
| Melting point | 302.91 K |
| Boiling point | 2477 K |
| Density | 5.91 g/cm³ |
| Standard state | Solid |
| Year discovered | 1875 |
Frequently asked questions
What is the electron configuration of gallium?
The ground-state electron configuration of gallium is [Ar]4s2 3d10 4p1.
What group and period is gallium in?
Gallium (Ga) is in group 13 and period 4 of the periodic table, classified as a post-transition metal.
What is the melting point of gallium?
Gallium melts at 302.91 K (30 °C).
What is the standard state of gallium?
Gallium is a solid at standard temperature and pressure.
Related elements
About this data: property values compiled from IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights (2021), the NIST Atomic Spectra Database, and PubChem. Curated by the Aladdin Scientific technical team. Last reviewed: .