Determine the necessary mass, volume, or concentration for preparing a solution.
≥99% for sensitive chromatographic and analytical workflows requiring minimal baseline interference.
Room temperature Ships Normal Check lot-specific COA for exact specifications.
SDS, COA, datasheet, and spec sheet available for download. Lot-specific COA accessible via lot number lookup.
Cited in 47 peer-reviewed publications across chromatography, organic synthesis, and cross-coupling reactions.
| Pubchem Sid | 488186081 |
|---|---|
| Pubchem Sid Url | https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/488186081 |
| Canonical Smiles | C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+] |
| IUPAC Name | disodium;terephthalate |
| InChIKey | VIQSRHWJEKERKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
| INCHI | 1S/C8H6O4.2Na/c9-7(10)5-1-2-6(4-3-5)8(11)12;;/h1-4H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;/q;2*+1/p-2 |
| Isomeric SMILES | C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)[O-])C(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+] |
| RTECS | WZ1400000 |
| Molecular Weight | 210.1 |
| Beilstein | 9(3)4250 |
| Reaxy-Rn | 4166093 |
| Reaxys-RN_link_address | https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=4166093&ln= |
Comprehensive hazard, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance document.
Download SDS →Lot-specific quality data. Enter your lot number to retrieve the exact COA.
Look up COA →Full quality attributes and acceptance criteria for this grade.
View spec sheet →Taxonomy Tree
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Superclass | Benzenoids |
| Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
| Subclass | Benzoic acids and derivatives |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Phthalic acid and derivatives |
| Direct Parent | P-phthalic acid and derivatives |
| Alternative Parents | Benzoic acids Benzoyl derivatives Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acid salts Carboxylic acids Organooxygen compounds Organic sodium salts Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Para_phthalic_acid - Benzoic acid - Benzoyl - Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives - Carboxylic acid salt - Organic alkali metal salt - Carboxylic acid - Carboxylic acid derivative - Organic oxygen compound - Organic oxide - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organic sodium salt - Organic salt - Organooxygen compound - Aromatic homomonocyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as p-phthalic acid and derivatives. These are compounds containing a benzene ring bearing a carboxylic acid group at ring carbon atoms 1 and 4. |
| External Descriptors | Not available |
Find and download the COA for your product by matching the lot number on the packaging.
| Lot Number | Certificate Type | Date | Item |
|---|---|---|---|
| Certificate of Analysis | May 21, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 21, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 21, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 21, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 09, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 09, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jan 08, 2026 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Dec 30, 2025 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 04, 2025 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | May 06, 2024 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 11, 2022 | D154279 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Mar 09, 2021 | D154279 |
| Solubility | Soluble in water. |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 210.090 g/mol |
| XLogP3 | |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 4 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 209.99 Da |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 209.99 Da |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 80.300 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 14 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 158.000 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| The total count of all stereochemical bonds | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 3 |
| 1. Guo Wenbin, Duan Jingjing, Shi Zhengguang, Yu Xue, Shao Zongze. (2023) Biodegradation of PET by the membrane-anchored PET esterase from the marine bacterium Rhodococcus pyridinivorans P23. Communications Biology, 6 (1): (1-13). [PMID:37891241] [10.1038/s42003-023-05470-1] |
| 2. Ran Hao, Gangwan Zhang, Jiahe Zhang, Leyong Zeng. (2023) Ultrasmall Au/Pt-loaded biocompatible albumin nanospheres to enhance photodynamic/catalytic therapy via triple amplification of glucose-oxidase/catalase/peroxidase. JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE, [PMID:37839238] [10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.037] |
| 3. Yifei Wang, Jia Wang, Yunke Jiao, Kangli Chen, Tianhao Chen, Xinping Wu, Xingwu Jiang, Wenbo Bu, Changsheng Liu, Xue Qu. (2023) Redox-active polyphenol nanoparticles deprive endogenous glutathione of electrons for ROS generation and tumor chemodynamic therapy. Acta Biomaterialia, [PMID:37778486] [10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.037] |
| 4. Ting Chen, Baichuan Li, Bochu Wang, Xiaoyong Luo, Zhiyu Fan, He Zhao, Jie Yang, Biye Ren, Yuepeng Cai, Renfeng Dong. (2023) Peroxidase-like activity of microrocket for efficient and directional glutathione detection. Materials Today Nano, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.mtnano.2023.100413] |
| 5. Chunlei Ou, Fan Yang, Minhui Gong, Caiyun Xu, Shidong Yang, Jing Yang, Wangdan Qi, Yuze Luo, Zhihui Peng, Le Deng, Dinggeng He. (2023) Enhancing Enzymatic Activity of Glucose Oxidase by Metal–Organic Framework Nanocarriers for Intensive Cascade Catalytic Antibacterial Therapy. ACS Applied Nano Materials, [PMID:] [10.1021/acsanm.3c02813] |
| 6. Wanrui Shi, Wenjie Feng, Siyuan Li, Yanqi Cui, Shuwei Liu, Huan Jiang, Yi Liu, Hao Zhang. (2023) Ferroptosis and Necroptosis Produced Autologous Tumor Cell Lysates Co-Delivering with Combined Immnoadjuvants as Personalized In Situ Nanovaccines for Antitumor Immunity. ACS Nano, [PMID:37466500] [10.1021/acsnano.3c00901] |
| 7. Zuozhu Yin, Min Li, Zihao Li, Yuanting Deng, Mingshan Xue, Yuhua Chen, Junfei Ou, Sheng Lei, Yidan Luo, Chan Xie. (2023) A harsh environment resistant robust Co(OH)2@stearic acid nanocellulose-based membrane for oil-water separation and wastewater purification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, [PMID:37178465] [10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118127] |
| 8. Yuhui Huang, Ruyu Xie, Kaitao Li, Rui Tian, Yanjun Lin, Chao Lu. (2022) Addressing the Origin of Single-Atom-Activated Supports Monitored by Electrochemiluminescence. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, [PMID:36576363] [10.1021/acsami.2c19985] |
| 9. Huiqin Li, Hongjiao Wu, Jiaqi Chen, Yiqian Su, Pengcheng Lin, Wei Xiao, Donglin Cao. (2022) Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Glutathione in Human Serum Based on Iron–Copper Metal–Organic Frameworks. LANGMUIR, [PMID:36503243] [10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02218] |
| 10. Yu Fang, Haiyan Cui, Xiaoqin Liang, Jianping Yu, Jianrong Wang, Guanghui Zhao. (2022) Quaternary Ammonium-Tethered Phenylboronic Acids Appended Supramolecular Nanomicelles as a Promising Bacteria Targeting Carrier for Nitric Oxide Delivery. Polymers, 14 (20): (4451). [PMID:36298029] [10.3390/polym14204451] |
| 11. Shuangling Wang, Yu Pang, Shuyang Hu, Jie Lv, Yulong Lin, Meng Li. (2022) Copper sulfide engineered covalent organic frameworks for pH-responsive chemo/photothermal/chemodynamic synergistic therapy against cancer. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2022.138864] |
| 12. Yiqian Su, Hongjiao Wu, Jiaqi Chen, Huiqin Li, Pengcheng Lin, Wei Xiao, Donglin Cao. (2022) Novel scandium-MOF nanocrystals as peroxidase-mimicking nanozymes for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid in human serum. CRYSTENGCOMM, 25 (23): (3472-3483). [PMID:] [10.1039/D2CE01023B] |
| 13. Hongjiao Wu, Jun Liu, Zhuoyu Chen, Pengcheng Lin, Wentao Ou, Zian Wang, Wei Xiao, Ying Chen, Donglin Cao. (2022) Mechanism and Application of Surface-Charged Ferrite Nanozyme-Based Biosensor toward Colorimetric Detection of l-Cysteine. LANGMUIR, [PMID:35749646] [10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00657] |
| 14. Jinling Li, Hui-Ling Peng, Changchun Wen, Peijing Xu, Xing-Can Shen, Cunji Gao. (2022) NIR-II-Responsive CeO2–x@HA Nanotheranostics for Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Sonodynamic-Enhanced Synergistic Phototherapy. LANGMUIR, [PMID:35470663] [10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00067] |
| 15. Ting Chen, He Zhao, Yuhong Zheng, Yuepeng Cai, Biye Ren, Renfeng Dong. (2022) Bifunctional biohybrid magnetically propelled microswimmer. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2022.135490] |
| 16. Yuhui Wang, Jiechen Yao, Zhanglei Cao, Pan Fu, Chen Deng, Shifeng Yan, Shuai Shi, Jianping Zheng. (2022) Peroxidase-Mimetic Copper-Doped Carbon-Dots for Oxidative Stress-Mediated Broad-Spectrum and Efficient Antibacterial Activity. CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, 28 (14): (e202104174). [PMID:35083795] [10.1002/chem.202104174] |
| 17. Bao Jiang, Liping Wang, Gang Wu, Lin Zhou, Shaohua Wei. (2021) Synergistic anticancer theragnostic study of a core-shell structured galvanic cell. COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES, [PMID:34673478] [10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112154] |
| 18. Xiaobin Wang, Zhuoyi Li, Wen Ying, Danke Chen, Peipei Li, Zheng Deng, Xinsheng Peng. (2019) Blue metal–organic framework encapsulated denatured R-phycoerythrin proteins for a white-light-emitting thin film. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 8 (1): (240-246). [PMID:] [10.1039/C9TC05342E] |
| 19. Liyan Zhang, Chuan Fan, Min Liu, Fengjuan Liu, Shanshan Bian, Shuyue Du, Shuyun Zhu, Hua Wang. (2018) Biominerized gold-Hemin@MOF composites with peroxidase-like and gold catalysis activities: A high-throughput colorimetric immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein in blood by ELISA and gold-catalytic silver staining. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.snb.2018.03.153] |
| 20. Chun-Mei Lai, Jia Xu, Bing-Chen Zhang, Shao-Hua He, Jing-Wei Shao. (2024) A natural product-derived nanozyme regulator induced chemo-ferroptosis dual therapy in remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2024.148976] |
| 21. Ying Yang, Liuyan Wei, Weiqin You, Huisha Huang, Shuai Wang, Dandan Hou, Chujun Qin, Zhiheng Su, Mei Li. (2025) A simple colorimetric and paper-based-smartphone sensing platform based on the enhanced peroxidase-like activity of Al doping Prussian blue for point-of-care detection of GSH. TALANTA, [PMID:40164025] [10.1016/j.talanta.2025.128020] |
| 22. Yongqin Fan, Junxia Feng, Xudong Yang, Ruike Chen, Dongjie Cui, Chunli Liu, Hangbo Xu, Qisen Xiang, Zhen Jiao, Ruonan Ma. (2024) Cold atmospheric plasma degradation of deoxynivalenol in solid and liquid phases and its effect on whole wheat flour quality. LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116920] |
| 23. Yu Pang, Jie Lv, Chengcai He, Chengda Ju, Yulong Lin, Cong Zhang, Meng Li. (2024) Covalent organic frameworks-derived carbon nanospheres based nanoplatform for tumor specific synergistic therapy via oxidative stress amplification and calcium overload. JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE, [PMID:38330663] [10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.217] |
| 24. Pengyu Zhao, Sihong Ma, Li Guo, Yikang Jia, Rui Zhang, Min Chen, Zifeng Wang, Dingxin Liu, Yuan Zhao, Xiaohua Wang, Mingzhe Rong. (2024) Inactivation of microorganisms on fabrics using plasma-activated nebulized mist driven by different plasma gases. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, [PMID:38669926] [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134365] |
| 25. Huang Lin, Wang Wantao, Liu Lei, Ma Wenzheng, Fan Jinghao, Zhou Dan, Zhao Lei, Zheng Zhaomin, Liu Hongmei, Wu Decheng. (2025) Injectable chitosan microspheres resisting inflammatory and oxidative stress for ameliorating intervertebral disc degeneration. Science China-Materials, [PMID:] [10.1007/s40843-024-3153-8] |
| 26. Zhen Tian, Yiyang Li, Lina Wang, Rui Xu, Aihua Wei, Jun He, Chengjun Wang. (2024) Insights into the generation of multiple reactive species in UV254/PMS/I− system and their roles for degradation of phenolic and non-phenolic pollutants. Journal of Water Process Engineering, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105345] |
| 27. Yiqian Su, Kailin Wen, Zhi Yang, Pengcheng Lin. (2025) Scandium Oxide Mimic Enzymes toward Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Glutathione. LANGMUIR, [PMID:39921634] [10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04798] |
| 28. Binghua Fan, Yongjun Wu, Hongchao Guo, Fei Yu, Li-e Liu, Songcheng Yu, Jia Wang, Yilin Wang. (2024) Self-assembly of cascade nanoenzyme glucose oxidase encapsulated in copper benzenedicarboxylate for wearable sweat-glucose colorimetric sensors with smartphone readout. ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA, [PMID:38969409] [10.1016/j.aca.2024.342852] |
| 29. Liuyan Wei, Ying Yang, Hailin Zhang, Huisha Huang, Xiaotong Zhang, Dandan Hou, Chujun Qin, Suxuan Liao, Zhiheng Su, Mei Li. (2025) Smartphone-assisted colorimetric detection of uric acid based on the enhanced peroxidase-like activity of Cu doping Prussian blue. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY, [PMID:39965283] [10.1016/j.saa.2025.125898] |
| 30. Danni Wu, Haonan Wu, Yan Lyu, Huiying Zhang, Jiade Wang, Xiang Li, Xiaobing Pang. (2024) The interplay of Brown carbon (BrC) surrogates and copper: Implications for the oxidative potential of ambient particles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, [PMID:39490165] [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136276] |
| 31. Bin Pan, Yang Jin, Yan Chen, Juan Wang, Kangnan Wang, Sunfang Chen, Mingyang Lei, Wenguo Cui, Junjie Li, Yu Qian. (2025) NIR Light-Controlled Cascade Regulation of Mixed-Valence Copper (I)/(II) Nanozyme (Cu2−xSe) Spray for Infectious Wound Healing. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, [PMID:] [10.1002/adfm.202507799] |
| 32. Yiqun Cao, Zhuo Wang, Jiarong Liu, Shuying Li, Jun Liu, Hao Li, Peng Zhang, Tianzeng Chen, Yonghong Wang, Biwu Chu, Pengfei Liu, Yujing Mu, Ge Tian, Wenjing Song, Chuncheng Chen, Jincai Zhao, Xiuhui Zhang, Qingxin Ma, Hong He. (2025) Spontaneous Oxygen−Carbonate Synergistic Photoactivation as a Novel Pathway for Atmospheric Radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, [PMID:40961350] [10.1021/acs.est.5c05652] |
| 33. Chen Jiaqi, Wu Hongjiao, Liu Jun, Su Yiqian, Li Huiqin, Lin Pengcheng, Chen Ying, Xiao Wei, Cao Donglin. (2023) Sb-doped FeOCl nanozyme-based biosensor for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of glutathione. ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 415 (6): (1205-1219). [PMID:36625896] [10.1007/s00216-022-04503-8] |
| 34. Xueying Wen, Ran Niu, Tao Tang, Jiang Gong. (2025) Atmospheric, continuous degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste by ZnO. APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.apcatb.2025.125485] |
| 35. Jie Lv, Shuangling Wang, Cong Zhang, Yulong Lin, Yan Fu, Meng Li. (2020) ATP induced alteration in the peroxidase-like properties of hollow Prussian blue nanocubes: a platform for alkaline phosphatase detection. ANALYST, 145 (14): (5032-5040). [PMID:32658942] [10.1039/D0AN00405G] |
| 36. Mengsi Zhang, Hao Zheng, Xuanqi Zhu, Shuwei Liu, Hao Jin, Yang Chen, Lanlan Wan, Songling Zhang, Hao Zhang. (2025) Synchronously Evoking Disulfidptosis and Ferroptosis via Systematical Glucose Deprivation Targeting SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 Antioxidant Axis. ACS Nano, [PMID:40178511] [10.1021/acsnano.5c00730] |
| 37. Wenbin Guo, Zhengguang Shi, Xue Yu, Jingjing Duan. (2025) Biodegradation of PET by Deep-Sea Pseudomonas chengduensis BC1815 through Utilization of Ethylene Glycol Monomer for Growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, [PMID:40252025] [10.1021/acs.est.5c00639] |
| 38. Zhouyu Yu, Lijia Zou, Ruiqi Liu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Zhen Cheng, Si Chen, Baisong Chang. (2025) Leveraging Activatable Janus Nanoprobes for NIR-II Imaging and Enzyme-Like Activity in Monitoring Liver Fibrosis. Advanced Therapeutics, [PMID:] [10.1002/adtp.202500142] |
| 39. Xiaoshan Zheng, Mengxi Tan, Chong Zhou, Ruoxuan Xiong, Wanchao Yu, Binbin Wu, Junye Ma, Baoliang Chen, Zhenhua Pan, Chiheng Chu. (2025) Accelerating natural purification of contaminated soils through endogenous iron cycle and hydroxyl radical production regulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, [PMID:41124741] [10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140186] |
| 40. Shuya Wang, Xiaojing Shi, Tingli Xiong, Wenxuan Zheng, Ruishi Li, Weimin Qi, Min Liu, Lin Dai, Min Zhou, Wei Dai, Qiong Huang, Xiaoying Wang, Kelong Ai. (2025) Unlocking Neuroprotection: Simultaneous Suppression of Mitochondrial Energetic Collapse and Oxidative-Inflammatory Vortex for Ischemia-Reperfusion Brain Injury. ACS Nano, [PMID:41124697] [10.1021/acsnano.5c15229] |
| 41. Pengyu Zhao, Rui Zhang, Sihong Ma, Tianyi Song, Zhengyu Wang, Feng Zhang, Jamoliddin Razzokov, Nodira Azimova, Zifeng Wang, Hao Zhang, Li Guo, Dingxin Liu, Xiaohua Wang, Mingzhe Rong. (2025) Application of Plasma-Activated Mist for the Control of Plant Insect Pests. Plasma Processes and Polymers, [PMID:] [10.1002/ppap.70091] |
| 42. Zhen Huang, Lu Luo, Pengcheng Lin, Donglin Cao, Wei Xiao. (2025) Portable point-of-care testing of food glutathione enabled by a high-performance sulfur-vacancy FeS mimetic enzyme. FOOD CHEMISTRY, [PMID:41242050] [10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.147014] |
| 43. Shaofu Huang, Yuhui Liu, Lincong Ren, Lingyan Huang, Jiahuan Tang, Zhen Yu, Man Chen, Shungui Zhou. (2025) Direct Conversion of N2 to Nitric Acid via Contact Electrocatalysis. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, [PMID:] [10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02290] |
| 44. Yuxi Zhao, Man Tong, Li Tian, Genming Luo, Ping Li, Haijun Song, Zhong-qiang Chen, Shucheng Xie, Andreas Kappler, Songhu Yuan. (2026) Reactive oxygen species drove red lineage phytoplankton to displace green lineage phytoplankton during the Mesozoic. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 123 (2): (e2521306123). [PMID:41512038] [10.1073/pnas.2521306123] |
| 45. Li Xiaofan, Jiang Qi, Xia Deming, Xie Hong-bin, Chen Jingwen. (2026) Interfacial-mediated fast formation of toxic derivatives of phthalate esters. Nature Communications, [PMID:41698902] [10.1038/s41467-026-69495-w] |
| 46. Shaofu Huang, Man Chen, Youming Diao, Zihan Xie, Hao Lin, Lingyan Huang, Jiahuan Tang, Raymond Jianxiong Zeng, Shungui Zhou. (2026) Water Flow-Driven Abiotic Denitrification Associated with Streaming Potential Generation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, [PMID:41544178] [10.1021/acs.est.5c15738] |
| 47. Linfeng Zhang, Yan Cao, Haoran Song, Qian Zhao, Anjum Mahfuza, Qun Zhao, Shugen Liu, Jianwu Shi, Xuewei Hu, Jie Li, Ping Ning, Xukang Lu, Tianyu Fu, Kebin He, Senlin Tian. (2026) An unrecognized hazard of inhaled 6:2 FTOH: Pulmonary transformation and interfacial toxicity in the lung. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.envint.2026.110222] |